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780.txt
247 lines (227 loc) · 13 KB
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780.txt
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[1] [[電子メイル]]の [CODE(822)[[[Date]]]]
欄その他で用例が発見されている[RUBY[[[時間帯]]] [タイム・ゾーン]]をあらわす略語の一覧です。
(プロトコル要素としての略語なので、普通の文章中に出てくるものは含んでいませんが、
(自然な結果として) 日常的に使われる略語も多く含んでいます。)
[FIG(important)[
[16] [[電子メール]]以外については、[[時間帯]]を参照。
]FIG]
[13] 一覧は >>12 にあります。
[REFS[
- [12] [CITE[data-locale/data/timezones/mail-names.json at master · manakai/data-locale]] ([TIME[2014-05-18 12:28:56 +09:00]] 版) <https://github.com/manakai/data-locale/blob/master/data/timezones/mail-names.json>
]REFS]
[14] 次に示すのはその一部です。
[FIG(list)[ [17] [[電子メール]]の主要な[[時間帯]]の[[文字列]]
[PRE[
ACSST => [+1, 10, 30], ## Australian Central Summer Standard
ACST => [+1, 09, 30], ## Australian Central Standard
ADT => [-1, 3, 0], ## (NA)Atlantic Daylight 733
ADT => [-1, 04, 00], ## Brazil Acre Daylight
AESST => [+1, 11, 0], ## Australian East Summer Standard
AEST => [+1, 10, 0], ## Australian East Standard 豪州東部標準時
AHST => [-1, 10, 0], ## Alaska-Hawaii Standard
AKST => [-1, 09, 00], ## Alaska Standard
AM => [-1, 00, 00], ## After Morning 午後
AST => [-1, 4, 0], ## (NA)Atlantic Standard 733
AST => [-1, 05, 00], ## Brazil Acre Standard
AT => [-1, 2, 0], ## Azores
AWSST => [+1, 09, 00], ## Australian West Summer Standard
AWST => [+1, 08, 00], ## Australian West Standard
BDT => [-1, 10, 0], ## ベーリング夏時間 733
BST => [-1, 11, 0], ## ベーリング標準時 733
BST => [+1, 1, 0], ## British Summer ブリテン夏時間
BST => [-1, 3, 0], ## Brazil Standard
BST => [+1, 03, 00], ## Baghdad Standard
BT => [+1, 03, 00], ## Baghdad
CADT => [+1, 10, 30], ## Central Australian Daylight
CAST => [+1, 09, 30], ## Central Australian Standard
CAT => [-1, 10, 00], ## Central Alaska
CCT => [+1, 08, 00], ## China Coastal
CDT => [-1, 05, 00], ## (NA)Central Daylight 733, 822
北米中部夏時間
CDT => [+1, 09, 00], ## People's Republic of China Daylight
CDT => [-1, 06, 00], ## Cuba Daylight
CDT => [-1, 03, 00], ## Chile Continental Daylight
CET => [+1, 1, 0], ## Central European 中欧標準時
CETDST=> [+1, 02, 00], ## Central European Daylight Saving
CEST => [+1, 2, 0], ## Central European Daylight
CST => [-1, 6, 0], ## (NA)Central Standard 733, 822
CST => [+1, 10, 30], ## Australian Central Standard
CST => [+1, 08, 00], ## People's Republic of China Standard
CST => [-1, 05, 00], ## Cuba Standard
CST => [-1, 04, 00], ## Chile Continental Standard
DNT ## Dansk Normal Tid デンマーク標準時
DST => [-1, 00, 00], ## Daylight Saving 夏時間
EADT => [+1, 11, 00], ## Eastern Australian Daylight
EAST => [+1, 10, 00], ## Eastern Australian Standard
EASTERN
ECT => [+1, 1, 0], ## Central European
EDT => [-1, 4, 0], ## (NA)Eastern Daylight 733, 822
EDT => [-1, 02, 00], ## Brazil Eastern Daylight
EDT => [-1, 05, 00], ## Chile Easter Island Daylight
EEST => [+1, 3, 0], ## Eastern European Summer
EET => [+1, 2, 0], ## Eastern Europe 東欧標準時 [[RFC1947]]
EET => [+1, 03, 00], ## Turkey
EETDST=> [+1, 03, 00], ## Eastern European Dayright Saving
EST => [-1, 5, 0], ## (NA)Eastern Standard 733, 822
EST => [+1, 10, 00], ## 豪州東部標準時
EST => [-1, 03, 00], ## Brazil Eastern Standard
EST => [-1, 06, 00], ## Chile Easter Island Standard
EWT => [-1, 4, 0], ## U.S. Eastern War Time
FDT => [-1, 01, 00], ## Brazil De Noronha Daylight
FST => [+1, 2, 0], ## French Summer
FDT => [-1, 02, 00], ## Brazil De Noronha Standard
FWT => [+1, 1, 0], ## French Winter
## FST と FWT が逆になっている資料がある。
## 日本との時差は'''夏の方が短い'''のが正しい。
GDT => [+1, 1, 0], ## グリニッジ夏時間 724
GDT => [+1, 2, 0], ## German Daylight
GM
GMT => [+1, 0, 0], ## Greenwich Mean 733, 822
グリニッジ標準時
GST => [-1, 3, 0], ## Greenland Standard
GST => [+1, 1, 0], ## German Standard
GST => [+1, 10, 0], ## Guam Standard
HAST => [-1, 10, 00], ## Hawaii and Alaska Standard
HDT => [-1, 9, 0], ## Hawaii Daylight Time, Hawaii/Alaska Daylight Time [[RFC 733]]
HDT => [-1, 10, 30], ## Hawaii Daylight
HKT => [+1, 8, 0], ## Hong Kong 香港標準時
HST => [-1, 10, 0], ## Hawaii Standard 733
ハワイ・アラスカ標準時
IDLE => [+1, 12, 0], ## International Date Line, East
IDLW => [-1, 12, 0], ## International Date Line, West
IDT => [+1, 3, 0], ## イスラエル夏時間 [[RFC 1555]]
IDT => [+1, 04, 30], ## Iran Daylight
IST => [+1, 2, 0], ## Israel standard
IST => [+1, 05, 30], ## Indian standard 印度標準時
IST => [+1, 03, 30], ## Iran Standard
IT => [+1, 03, 30], ## Iran
JCST => [+1, 09, 00], ## Japan Central Standard Time [[日本中央標準時]]
JST => [+1, 09, 00], ## Japan Central Standard [[日本中央標準時]]
JT => [+1, 09, 00], ## Japan Central Standard
JT => [+1, 07, 30], ## Java (ジャワ島)
KDT => [+1, 10, 00], ## Korean Daylight
KST => [+1, 09, 00], ## Korean Standard
LCL => [-1, 00, 00], ## (LSMTP が時間帯不明の時使用)
LIGT => [+1, 10, 00], ## 豪州[[メルボルン]]時間
LOCAL => [-1, 00, 00], ## local time zone
LON
LT => [-1, 0, 0], ## Luna Time [RFC 1607]
月時間 [[RFC1607]]
MDT => [-1, 6, 0], ## (NA)Mountain Daylight
北米山地夏時間 733, 822
MET => [+1, 0, 0], ## Middle European 中欧標準時
MET => [+1, 01, 00], ## Medium European
MET DST=> [+1, 2, 0],## 中欧夏時間
METDST=> [+1, 2, 0],## 中欧夏時間
MEST => [+1, 2, 0], ## Middle European Summer
MEWT => [+1, 0, 0], ## Middle European Winter
MEZ => [+1, 0, 0], ## Central European (German)
MST => [-1, 7, 0], ## (NA)Mountain Standard
北米山地標準時 733, 822
MOUNTAIN => [-1, 7, 0], ## (maybe) (NA)Mountain Standard 733, 822
MT => [+1, 08, 30], ## Moluccas (モルッカ諸島)
MT => [-1, 0, 0], ## Mars Time [RFC 1607]
火星時間 [[RFC1607]]
NDT => [-1, 2, 30], ## Newfoundland Daylight
NFT => [-1, 3, 30], ## Newfoundland Standard
NOR => [+1, 01, 00], ## Norway Standard
NST => [-1, 3, 30], ## Newfoundland Standard 733
ニューファンドランド標準時
NST => [-1, 6, 30], ## North Sumatra
NST => [-1, 11, 00], ## Nome Standard
NT => [-1, 11, 0], ## Nome
NZD => [+1, 13, 0], ## New Zealand Daylight
NZT => [+1, 12, 0], ## New Zealand
NZDT => [+1, 13, 0], ## New Zealand Daylight
NZS => [+1, 12, 0], ## (maybe) New Zealand Standard
NZST => [+1, 12, 0], ## New Zealand Standard
PDT => [-1, 7, 0], ## (NA)Pacific Daylight 733, 822
北米太平洋夏時間
PM => [-1, 00, 00], ## ([[午前]]のこと?)
PPET => [-1, 07, 00], ## US Pacific New (Presidental Election Year)
PST => [-1, 8, 0], ## (NA)Pacific Standard 733, 822
北米太平洋標準時
SADT => [+1, 10, 30], ## South Australian Daylight
SAMST
SAST => [+1, 09, 30], ## South Australian Standard
SAT => [+1, 09, 30], ## South Australian
SET => [+1, 1, 0], ## Seychelles ([[セイシェル諸島]])
SST => [+1, 2, 0], ## Swedish Summer
SST => [+1, 7, 0], ## South Sumatra
SST => [+1, 08, 00], ## Singapore Standard
SST => [-1, 11, 00], ## US Samoa Standard
SWT => [+1, 1, 0], ## Swedish Winter
UCT => [+1, 00, 00], ## Coordinated Universal Time
UKR => [+1, 2, 0], ## Ukraine
UNDEFINED => [-1, 0, 0], ## undefined
UT => [+1, 0, 0], ## Universal Time 822
協定世界時
UTC => [+1, 0, 0], ## Coordinated Universal Time
協定世界時
WADT => [+1, 08, 00], ## West Australian Daylight
WAST => [+1, 07, 00], ## West Australian Standard
WAT => [-1, 0, 0], ## West Africa
WDT => [+1, 09, 00], ## West Australian Daylight
WDT => [-1, 03, 00], ## Brazil Western Daylight
WET => [+1, 0, 0], ## Western European
WETDST=> [+1, 01, 00], ## Western European Daylight
WST => [+1, 8, 0], ## West Australian Standard
WST => [-1, 04, 00], ## Brazil Western Standard
YDT => [-1, 8, 0], ## Yukon Daylight 733
ユーコン夏時間
YST => [-1, 9, 0], ## Yukon Standard 733
ユーコン標準時
Z => [+1, 0, 0], ## 822, ISO 8601
ZP4 => [+1, 4, 0], ## Z+4
ZP5 => [+1, 5, 0], ## Z+5
ZP6 => [+1, 6, 0], ## Z+6
]PRE]
]FIG]
[2] [[RFC 822の日付形式]]にあるものは、[[RFC 2822の日付形式]]にもある。
[9] 上表には[[米軍規格のラテン文字1文字で表す方法][米軍時間帯]]は、
[CODE(822)[Z]] を除いて載せていない。 [[RFC 822の日付形式]]を参照。
[10] 上表では[[電子メイル]]関連の [[RFC]]
などに載っていればその番号を参考として加えた。番号がないものは、
RFC には無いものの実際には使われていたもの ([CODE[JST]] など。) と、
[[C]] のような電子メイル以外の形式, その他日付系の応用で使われていたものを含む。
[4] 上記で違う[[時間帯]]に同じ略称が当てられているものが複数あることからわかるように、
略称は十分標準化されず、曖昧でない表記は不可能です。ですがら、
現在の[[日付形式]]規格, 例えば [[RFC 2822の日付形式]]や
[[RFC 3339の日付形式]]では名前による指定を廃止し、数値による [SAMP(822)[+0900]]
のような指定を使っています。
[5] [WEAK[2002-12-29 16:37]]: 未だに [[RFC 822]] message で [CODE(822)[JST]]
とか吐く DQN [[UA]] があるみたいですな
[6] [WEAK[2003-01-16 20:43]]: [[RFC 724]] の [CODE(822)[GDT]] とは何か、
実は説明がなくて、上の表では適当な数値が入ってますが、違うかもしれませんし、
これでいいのかもしれません。
[[ietf-822]] の最近の <mid:3E2418A8.8010701@Sonietta.blilly.com>
からのスレッドでこれが話題になってますが、 [[Dave Crocker]]
が知らねぇ〜って言ってます。
(あんた著者じゃないかよ。)
[7] >>6 のメッセージから引用。
> As I recall, the formulation of timezones for RFC 733 did not take much note
of the previous documents. We simply decided which timezones we wanted to
refer to by "name". Offsets (civilian or military) would be used for the
rest. So we decided on all North American timezones for names, along with
Greewhich Mean Time. (I'd guess that GDT means Greenwhich Daylight Time, but
suspect there really is no such thing.)
> "North America" included the far east of Canada as well as Alaska and
Hawaii. Alaska swings *very* far west. None of us knew the names of their
zones. It turns out the next zone east of EST is Atlantic Standard Time. I
think I found that in a dictionary, and maybe also the Newfoundland zone.
> The western extremes were more challenging. I could not find any reference
to their names. I was working at The Rand Corporation at the time. It was
famous for "inventing" the technical research library and it had a reference
librarian who was legendary for finding difficult answers.
> So I gave her a call and asked for her help. She called back in 10 minutes
with the answer. I could not believe how quickly she solved this, so I
asked how she came up with the answers.
> She said she called the telephone information operators in the relevant
areas and asked them what they called their timezones...
[15] 昔に廃止されたはずの[[時間帯]]の名前が載っていたりして謎い。
本当に廃止前の現役当時に使われていたのか、単に昔の記録が後の時代まで残ってしまっていたのか。
[8] ''日付/時間のサポート'' <http://osb.sra.co.jp/PostgreSQL/Manual/PostgreSQL-7.1-ja/datetime-appendix.html>
[REFS[
- [11] [CITE@en[RFC 822 - STANDARD FOR THE FORMAT OF ARPA INTERNET TEXT MESSAGES]] ([TIME[2014-03-08 23:19:55 +09:00]] 版) <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822#section-5>
]REFS]
[3] [[時間帯略号]]も参照。