/
664.txt
394 lines (288 loc) · 17.2 KB
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664.txt
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[70] [DFN[[[Web Sockets]]]] は、元々は [[Web]] のための [[Socket]] [[API]]
とそれを支える[[プロトコル]]として [[WHATWG]] で開発されていましたが、
後に[[プロトコル]]部分が [[IETF]] に移管され、用途が不明瞭になりつつある仕様です。
* 仕様書
[96] [[鯖]]と[[クライアント]]の間の[[プロトコル]]は、 [[IETF]]
が出版する [[RFC]] によって規定されています。
[97] [[Webブラウザー]]上の [[API]] と、 [[Webブラウザー]]の動作は、
[[WHATWG]] が出版する [[HTML Standard]] によって規定されています。
* URL
[98] [[TLS]] の有無により、次の2つの [[URL scheme]] が定義されています。
[FIG(list)[
- [72] [CODE(URI)@en[[[ws:]]]] - [[Web Sockets]]
- [73] [CODE(URI)@en[[[wss:]]]] - [[Web Sockets]] over [[TLS]]
]FIG]
* HTTP との関係
[94] 元々 [[WHATWG]] で開発されていた頃は、 [[HTTP]] からの切り替えにも対応している、
[[HTTP]] とは別の[[プロトコル]]という位置付けでした。
[95] しかし [[IETF]] で[[プロトコル]]に変更が加えられた結果、
[[HTTP]] の動作モードのような形となっています。 ([[Web Sockets]]
から [[HTTP]] への切り替えができないのは変わっていません。)
* メモ
[1]
[CITE['''['''whatwg''']''' Web Sockets]] ([TIME[2009-02-26 03:21:56 +09:00]] 版) <http://lists.whatwg.org/pipermail/whatwg-whatwg.org/2008-July/015252.html>
[TIME[2008-07-06 09:18:46 +09:00]] <http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.org.w3c.whatwg.discuss/14577>
[2] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]] ([TIME[2009-01-09 18:33:53 +09:00]] 版) <http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/html5/websockets/Overview.html?content-type=text/html;%20charset=iso-8859-1>
[3] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]] ([TIME[2009-04-23 13:57:02 +09:00]] 版) <http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-websockets-20090423/>
[4] [CITE[Bug 27490 – Web Sockets Test Infrastructure Part 1/3: Server]]
([TIME[2009-09-27 20:51:10 +09:00]] 版)
<https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=27490>
[5] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090807]]
([TIME[2009-10-06 00:19:08 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090807#l-499>
[6] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090812]]
([TIME[2009-10-10 21:23:35 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090812>
[43] [CITE[WebSocket feedback]] ([[Ian Hickson <ian@...>]] 著, [TIME[2008-11-17 11:45:25 +09:00]] 版) <http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.org.w3c.whatwg.discuss/16588>
[44] [CITE[InfoQ: HTML 5 Web Sockets vs. Comet and Ajax]] ([[alex'''['''at''']'''c4media[dot]com]] 著, [TIME[2008-12-25 22:49:32 +09:00]] 版) <http://www.infoq.com/jp/news/2008/12/websockets-vs-comet-ajax>
[45] [CITE[Index of /specs/web-apps/current-work/.ietf-websocket-protocol]] ([TIME[2009-01-12 19:39:17 +09:00]] 版) <http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/.ietf-websocket-protocol/>
[46] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]] ([TIME[2009-01-12 12:30:06 +09:00]] 版) <http://dev.w3.org/html5/websockets/>
[47] [CITE@en[draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol - The Web Socket protocol]]
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol>
[48] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090603]]
([TIME[2009-08-23 21:11:50 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090603#l-515>
[49] [CITE['''['''whatwg''']''' New mailing list hybi at ietf.org for discussion of WebSocket (et al)]]
([TIME[2009-08-24 07:48:30 +09:00]] 版)
<http://lists.whatwg.org/htdig.cgi/whatwg-whatwg.org/2009-March/019090.html>
[50] [CITE['''['''hybi''']''' WebSockets]]
([TIME[2009-03-31 10:50:03 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg00007.html>
[51] [CITE[Re: '''['''hybi''']''' WebSockets feedback (Was: Bayeux / Jetty perspective.)]]
([TIME[2009-04-07 10:10:01 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg00055.html>
[52] [CITE['''['''hybi''']''' WebSocket feedback]]
([TIME[2009-05-05 03:10:01 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg00239.html>
[53] [CITE[Re: '''['''hybi''']''' '''['''Uri-review''']''' ws: and wss: schemes]]
([TIME[2009-08-15 09:10:03 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg00473.html>
[54] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090603]]
([TIME[2009-08-23 21:11:50 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090603#l-554>
[55] [CITE@en[(X)HTML5 Tracking]]
([TIME[2009-09-02 22:33:38 +09:00]] 版)
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=3724&to=3725>
[56] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090713]]
([TIME[2009-09-19 01:26:12 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090713#l-538>
[57] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090714]]
([TIME[2009-09-19 17:07:55 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090714#l-315>
[58] [CITE@en[gimite's web-socket-js at master - GitHub]]
([TIME[2009-10-18 18:23:12 +09:00]] 版)
<http://github.com/gimite/web-socket-js>
[59] [CITE@en[gimite's web-socket-ruby at master - GitHub]]
([TIME[2009-10-18 18:24:07 +09:00]] 版)
<http://github.com/gimite/web-socket-ruby>
[60] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]]
([TIME[2009-10-29 03:44:26 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-websockets-20091029/>
[61] <http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-socket-protocol/>
[62] [CITE@en[HTML5 Revision Tracker]]
([TIME[2010-03-02 22:30:24 +09:00]] 版)
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=4813&to=4814>
[63] [CITE@en-US[WebSockets in Firefox ✩ Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog]]
([TIME[2010-06-02 07:33:38 +09:00]] 版)
<http://hacks.mozilla.org/2010/04/websockets-in-firefox/>
[64] [CITE@en[HTML5 Revision Tracker]]
([TIME[2010-07-21 21:09:16 +09:00]] 版)
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=5172&to=5173>
[65] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100920]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-06 23:49:38 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100920#l-529>
[66] [CITE@en-US[WebSocket disabled in Firefox 4 ✩ Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog]]
( ([TIME[2010-12-22 23:57:21 +09:00]] 版))
<http://hacks.mozilla.org/2010/12/websockets-disabled-in-firefox-4/>
[67] [CITE[''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' Experiment comparing Upgrade and CONNECT handshakes]]
( ([TIME[2010-12-04 09:50:08 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg04744.html>
[68] [CITE[Disabling the WebSocket protocol — Anne’s Blog]]
( ([TIME[2010-12-22 23:57:58 +09:00]] 版))
<http://annevankesteren.nl/2010/12/websocket-protocol-vulnerability>
[69] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r5963 12102]]
( ([TIME[2011-03-25 08:59:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=5962&to=5963>
[7] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]]
([TIME[2009-12-18 02:03:50 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-websockets-20091222/>
[8] [CITE@en[typester's anyevent-websocket-demo at master - GitHub]]
([TIME[2010-01-30 22:16:41 +09:00]] 版)
<http://github.com/typester/anyevent-websocket-demo>
[9] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100215]]
([TIME[2010-02-19 08:10:13 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100215#l-801>
[10] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100503]]
([TIME[2010-05-31 06:35:58 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100503#l-206>
[11] [CITE['''['''hybi''']''' draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-00]]
([TIME[2010-06-04 14:30:12 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg02090.html>
[12] [CITE@en[draft-ietf-hybi-websocket-requirements-00 - HyBi WebSocket Requirements and Features]]
([TIME[2010-05-11 00:06:29 +09:00]] 版)
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-hybi-websocket-requirements-00>
[13] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100621]]
([TIME[2010-06-28 23:03:39 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100621#l-163>
[14] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100707]]
([TIME[2010-07-19 19:10:52 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100707>
[15] [CITE['''['''whatwg''']''' WebSockets feedback]]
([TIME[2010-07-23 08:27:24 +09:00]] 版)
<http://lists.whatwg.org/htdig.cgi/whatwg-whatwg.org/2010-July/027245.html>
[16] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100725]]
([TIME[2010-08-10 23:54:14 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100725>
[17] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100806]]
([TIME[2010-08-13 08:24:27 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100806>
[18] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r5409 Transferred the Web Sockets Protocol to Ian Fette.]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-02 19:00:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=5408&to=5409>
[19] [CITE@en[draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol - The WebSocket protocol]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-02 09:08:15 +09:00]] 版))
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol>
[20] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100902]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-20 22:31:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100902>
[21] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100915]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-28 00:57:22 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100915#l-420>
[22] [CITE[Re: ''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' Versioning is a anti-pattern]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-04 00:30:41 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg04029.html>
[23] [CITE[Re: ''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' I-D Action:draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-01.txt]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-04 00:30:44 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg03944.html>
[24] [CITE[Re: ''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' I-D Action:draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-01.txt]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-04 00:30:44 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg03944.html>
[25] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100923]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-08 09:01:09 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100923>
[26] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101005]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-16 08:48:35 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101005#l-406>
[27] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101006]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-21 08:34:18 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101006>
[28] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101010]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-22 23:35:52 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101010>
[29] [CITE@ja[Opera Desktop Team - Web Sockets enter the Opera House]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-23 00:19:44 +09:00]] 版))
<http://my.opera.com/desktopteam/blog/2010/10/11/websockets>
[30] [CITE@ja[Opera Core Concerns - WebSockets in Opera]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-23 00:20:52 +09:00]] 版))
<http://my.opera.com/core/blog/websockets>
[31] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101012]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-23 00:20:11 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101012>
[32] [CITE[Opera's WebSockets testsuite]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-11 18:24:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://testsuites.opera.com/websockets/>
[33] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101018]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-26 00:35:01 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101018>
[34] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101029]]
( ([TIME[2010-11-08 23:38:21 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101029>
[35] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101209]]
( ([TIME[2011-01-02 19:54:41 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101209>
[36] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20110125]]
( ([TIME[2011-03-05 23:17:17 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20110125#l-536>
[37] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20110325]]
( ([TIME[2011-04-10 19:16:01 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20110325#l-171>
[38] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2011-04-18 23:06:39 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-websockets-20110419/>
[39] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20110516]]
( ([TIME[2011-05-19 08:35:33 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20110516>
[40] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20110520]]
( ([TIME[2011-05-22 19:41:16 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20110520>
[41] [CITE[''''''[''''''whatwg'''''']'''''' WebSockets API feedback]]
( ([TIME[2011-05-25 08:37:01 +09:00]] 版))
<http://lists.whatwg.org/htdig.cgi/whatwg-whatwg.org/2011-May/031792.html>
[42] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r6151 WebSockets: binary data (first draft)]]
( ([TIME[2011-05-27 08:47:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=6150&to=6151>
[71] 最初は [[HTTP]] [[鯖]]みたいな複雑なことをせずとも簡単に実装できるのが売りだったのに、
こんなわけのわからぬことになってしまったんだ・・・。 [TIME[2011-06-05T03:53:28.00Z]]
[74] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r6330 WebSocket: Disallow this controversial extension rather than require it.]]
( ([TIME[2011-07-28 05:37:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=6329&to=6330>
[75] [CITE@en[New tests submitted by Microsoft for WebApps specs]]
( ([[Adrian Bateman]] 著, [TIME[2011-09-14 10:26:30 +09:00]] 版))
<http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapps/2011JulSep/1406.html>
[76] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2011-09-29 18:38:11 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-websockets-20110929/>
[77] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r6632 Revert the part of r5409 that removed the URL parsing algorithms, since it's no longer defined in the protocol spec.]]
( ([TIME[2011-10-05 10:55:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=6631&to=6632>
[78] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20111013]]
( ([TIME[2011-10-17 22:06:50 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20111013#l-240>
[79] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20111115]]
( ([TIME[2011-11-16 23:10:22 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20111115#l-987>
[80] [CITE[''''''[''''''whatwg'''''']'''''' WebSocket framing]]
( ([TIME[2011-12-09 08:13:46 +09:00]] 版))
<http://lists.whatwg.org/htdig.cgi/whatwg-whatwg.org/2011-December/034132.html>
[81] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2011-12-07 01:33:53 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/CR-websockets-20111208/>
[82] [CITE[Chromium Blog: Web Sockets Now Available In Google Chrome]]
( ([TIME[2011-12-12 16:05:26 +09:00]] 版))
<http://blog.chromium.org/2009/12/web-sockets-now-available-in-google.html>
[83] [CITE@en[RFC 6455 - The WebSocket Protocol]]
( ([TIME[2011-12-12 09:12:59 +09:00]] 版))
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455>
[84] [CITE@en[| Xtranormal]]
( ([[Xtranormal]] 著, [TIME[2012-02-29 23:32:09 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.xtranormal.com/watch/7991991/web-sockets-we-are-the-first>
[85] [CITE[Scheme/Host/Port: RFC 6454 and RFC 6455]]
( ([TIME[2012-02-16 12:42:54 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.schemehostport.com/2011/12/rfc-6454-and-rfc-6465.html>
[86] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20120327]]
( ([TIME[2012-04-09 21:35:50 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20120327#l-638>
[87] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2012-05-24 23:21:13 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-websockets-20120524/>
[88] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2012-08-08 03:19:30 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-websockets-20120809/>
[89] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2012-09-19 23:57:11 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-websockets-20120920/>
[90] [CITE@en[Interview with Ian Hickson, HTML editor | HTML5 Doctor]]
( ([TIME[2013-01-13 18:27:28 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5doctor.com/interview-with-ian-hickson-html-editor/>
[91] [CITE[websockets-mixed-content]]
( ([TIME[2013-10-05 02:05:52 +09:00]] 版))
<http://nwilson.github.io/websockets-mixed-context/>
[92] [CITE[websockets-mixed-content]]
( ([TIME[2013-10-05 02:05:52 +09:00]] 版))
<http://nwilson.github.io/websockets-mixed-context/>
[93] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r8232 Make sure WebSocket connections that can't honour the subprotocol don't get established (looks like this got broken in the protocol spec at some point)]]
( ([TIME[2013-10-22 02:10:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=8231&to=8232>
[99] [CITE@en[RFC 7355 - Indicating WebSocket Protocol as a Transport in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Common Log Format (CLF)]]
( ([TIME[2014-09-23 21:54:48 +09:00]] 版))
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7355>
[100] [CITE@en[RFC 7118 - The WebSocket Protocol as a Transport for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)]]
( ([TIME[2014-09-11 11:03:12 +09:00]] 版))
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7118>
[101] [CITE[iOSとHTML5とWebSocketと画面ロックと - Qiita]]
( ([TIME[2014-11-13 06:35:28 +09:00]] 版))
<http://qiita.com/tomoyukilabs/items/3dd71b07778e0963ec67>
[REFS[
- [102] [CITE[UPnP Device Architecture 2.0]] ([TIME[2014-09-05 02:24:48 +09:00]] 版) <http://upnp.org/specs/arch/UPnP-arch-DeviceArchitecture-v2.0.pdf#page=194>
]REFS]
[103] >>102 は [[UCA]] over [[Web Sockets]] を紹介しています (が詳しい規定はありません)。