664.txt

[116] [DFN[[[WebSocket]]]] は、 [[Web]] で[[サーバー]]と[[クライアント]]の間で双方向通信を行うための[[プロトコル]]です。

* 仕様書

[96] [[鯖]]と[[クライアント]]の間の[[プロトコル]]は、 [[IETF]]
が出版する [DFN[[[RFC 6455]]]] [SRC[>>115]] によって規定されています。

[97] [[Webブラウザー]]上の [[API]] と、 [[Webブラウザー]]の動作は、
[[WHATWG]] が出版する [[HTML Standard]] [SRC[>>131]] によって規定されています。

[REFS[
- [115] '''[CITE@en[RFC 6455 - The WebSocket Protocol]] ([TIME[2015-03-11 20:42:50 +09:00]] 版) <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455>'''
-- [117] [CITE@en[RFC 6455 - The WebSocket Protocol]] ([TIME[2015-03-11 20:42:50 +09:00]] 版) <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-1.7>
-- [120] [CITE@en[RFC 6455 - The WebSocket Protocol]] ([TIME[2015-03-11 20:42:50 +09:00]] 版) <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-2.1>
-- [123] [CITE@en[RFC 6455 - The WebSocket Protocol]] ([TIME[2015-03-11 20:42:50 +09:00]] 版) <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-10.6>
-- [125] [CITE@en[RFC 6455 - The WebSocket Protocol]] ([TIME[2015-03-11 20:42:50 +09:00]] 版) <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#section-11.2>
- [127] [CITE[RFC Errata Report]] ([TIME[2015-05-16 22:20:56 +09:00]] 版) <http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?rfc=6455>
- [131] '''[CITE@en-GB-x-hixie[HTML Standard]] ([TIME[2015-05-06 10:42:35 +09:00]] 版) <https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#network>'''
]REFS]

* プロトコル

[FIG(short list)[
- [[WebSocketエンドポイント]]
-- [[WebSocketクライアント]]
-- [[WebScoketエンドポイント]]
- [CODE(URI)@en[[[ws:]]]]
- [CODE(URI)@en[[[wss:]]]]
- [[WebSocket接続]]
- [[WebSocket接続の確立]]
- [[部分プロトコル]]
- [[WebSocket拡張]]
- [[WebSocketフレーム]]
-- [[[CODE(HTTP)[Close]]フレーム]]
-- [[[CODE(HTTP)[Ping]]フレーム]]
-- [[[CODE(HTTP)[Pong]]フレーム]]
-- [[データフレーム]]
- [[WebSocketメッセージ送信]]
]FIG]

[121] [[WebSocket Protocol]] がデータを[RUBYB[送信]@en[send]]する時、
実際にはデータをバッファリングするなどして遅延させても構いません [SRC[>>120]]。

[124] [[TLS]] を実装しなければ[['''なりません''']] [SRC[>>123]]。
通信時に [[TLS]] を使う[['''べきです''']] [SRC[>>123]]。
[[強いTLSアルゴリズム]]のみ使うべきです [SRC[>>123]]。

* URL

[98] [[TLS]] の有無により、次の2つの [[URL scheme]] が定義されています。

[FIG(list)[
- [72] [CODE(URI)@en[[[ws:]]]] - [[Web Sockets]]
- [73] [CODE(URI)@en[[[wss:]]]] - [[Web Sockets]] over [[TLS]]
]FIG]

* HTTP との関係

[94] 元々 [[WHATWG]] で開発されていた頃は、 [[HTTP]] からの切り替えにも対応している、
[[HTTP]] とは別の[[プロトコル]]という位置付けでした。

[95] しかし [[IETF]] で[[プロトコル]]に変更が加えられた結果、
[[HTTP]] の動作モードのような形となっています。 ([[Web Sockets]]
から [[HTTP]] への切り替えができないのは変わっていません。)

[118] 公式には、 [[WebSocket]] は独立した [[TCP]] 上のプロトコル [SRC[>>117]]
とされています。しかし [[WebSocket handshake]] は、完全に [[HTTP要求]]と
[[HTTP応答]]のやり取りであるとされています。

[126] [CODE(HTTP)@en[[[Upgrade:]]]] の値 [DFN[[CODE(HTTP)@en[[[WebSocket]]]]]]
は、 [[WebSocket Protocol]] を表します [SRC[>>125]]。

[119] 以前は独立した [[NPN]] の識別子が規定されていましたが、
[[IETF]] に移管されてから [[ALPN]] の識別子は割り当てられていないようです。

* Socket API との関係

[112] [[WebSocket]] という名前は [[Socket]] API から派生したものですが、
[[API]] も[[プロトコル]]も互換性はまったくありません。

;; [113] [[Web]] ではセキュリティー上の理由から生の [[TCP]] や [[UDP]]
へのアクセスは提供されていません。

* [CODE(DOMi)@en[WebSocket]] インターフェイス

[132] [DFN[[CODE(DOMi)@en[[[WebSocket]]]]]] [[インターフェイス]]は、
[[WebSocket接続]]に関する機能を提供する[[WebSocketクライアント]] [[API]] です。

[133] [CODE(DOMi)@en[[[WebSocket]]]] [[インターフェイス]]は、
[[文書環境]]と[[ワーカー環境]]に[[晒されて]]います [SRC[>>131]]。

[134] [CODE(DOMi)@en[[[WebSocket]]]] [[インターフェイス]]は、
[CODE(DOMi)@en[[[EventTarget]]]] [[インターフェイス]]を[[継承]]しています [SRC[>>131]]。

[135] 次のメンバーがあります。
[FIG(list short)[
- [[[CODE(DOMi)@en[WebSocket]]コンストラクター]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[url]]]]
- [CODE(DOMc)@en[[[CONNECTING]]]]
- [CODE(DOMc)@en[[[OPEN]]]]
- [CODE(DOMc)@en[[[CLOSING]]]]
- [CODE(DOMc)@en[[[CLOSED]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[readyState]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[bufferedAmount]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[onopen]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[onerror]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[onclose]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[extensions]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[protocol]]]]
- [CODE(DOMm)@en[[[close]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[onmessage]]]]
- [CODE(DOMa)@en[[[binaryType]]]]
- [CODE(DOMm)@en[[[send]]]]
]FIG]

[137] [CODE(DOMi)@en[[[WebSocket]]]] [[オブジェクト]]は、
[[WebSocket接続]]を表しています。
[CODE(DOMi)@en[[[WebSocket]]]] [[オブジェクト]]が持つ状態は、
[[WebSocket接続]]を参照。

* メモ

[FIG(amazon)[
[[WebSocket]]
]FIG]

[70] [[Web Sockets]] は、元々は [[Web]] のための [[Socket]] [[API]]
とそれを支える[[プロトコル]]として [[WHATWG]] で開発されていましたが、
後に[[プロトコル]]部分が [[IETF]] に移管され、用途が不明瞭になりつつある仕様です。

[122] [[IETF]] に移った後、[[RFC 2119]] [[助動詞]]の扱いが若干曖昧になったり、
[[変数]]を使ったり使わなかったり、冗長な説明を繰り返したり、
[[アルゴリズム]]の一部であるべきものが他の節で規定されたりなど、
仕様書としての品質は下がり気味のようです。

[1]
[CITE['''['''whatwg''']''' Web Sockets]] ([TIME[2009-02-26 03:21:56 +09:00]] 版) <http://lists.whatwg.org/pipermail/whatwg-whatwg.org/2008-July/015252.html>
[TIME[2008-07-06 09:18:46 +09:00]] <http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.org.w3c.whatwg.discuss/14577>

[2] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]] ([TIME[2009-01-09 18:33:53 +09:00]] 版) <http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/~checkout~/html5/websockets/Overview.html?content-type=text/html;%20charset=iso-8859-1>

[3] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]] ([TIME[2009-04-23 13:57:02 +09:00]] 版) <http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-websockets-20090423/>

[4] [CITE[Bug 27490 – Web Sockets Test Infrastructure Part 1/3: Server]]
([TIME[2009-09-27 20:51:10 +09:00]] 版)
<https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=27490>

[5] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090807]]
([TIME[2009-10-06 00:19:08 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090807#l-499>

[6] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090812]]
([TIME[2009-10-10 21:23:35 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090812>

[43] [CITE[WebSocket feedback]] ([[Ian Hickson <ian@...>]] 著, [TIME[2008-11-17 11:45:25 +09:00]] 版) <http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.org.w3c.whatwg.discuss/16588>

[44] [CITE[InfoQ: HTML 5 Web Sockets vs. Comet and Ajax]] ([[alex'''['''at''']'''c4media[dot]com]] 著, [TIME[2008-12-25 22:49:32 +09:00]] 版) <http://www.infoq.com/jp/news/2008/12/websockets-vs-comet-ajax>

[45] [CITE[Index of /specs/web-apps/current-work/.ietf-websocket-protocol]] ([TIME[2009-01-12 19:39:17 +09:00]] 版) <http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/.ietf-websocket-protocol/>

[46] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]] ([TIME[2009-01-12 12:30:06 +09:00]] 版) <http://dev.w3.org/html5/websockets/>

[47] [CITE@en[draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol - The Web Socket protocol]] 
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol>

[48] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090603]]
([TIME[2009-08-23 21:11:50 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090603#l-515>

[49] [CITE['''['''whatwg''']''' New mailing list hybi at ietf.org for discussion of WebSocket (et al)]]
([TIME[2009-08-24 07:48:30 +09:00]] 版)
<http://lists.whatwg.org/htdig.cgi/whatwg-whatwg.org/2009-March/019090.html>

[50] [CITE['''['''hybi''']''' WebSockets]]
([TIME[2009-03-31 10:50:03 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg00007.html>

[51] [CITE[Re: '''['''hybi''']''' WebSockets feedback (Was: Bayeux / Jetty perspective.)]]
([TIME[2009-04-07 10:10:01 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg00055.html>

[52] [CITE['''['''hybi''']''' WebSocket feedback]]
([TIME[2009-05-05 03:10:01 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg00239.html>

[53] [CITE[Re: '''['''hybi''']''' '''['''Uri-review''']''' ws: and wss: schemes]]
([TIME[2009-08-15 09:10:03 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg00473.html>

[54] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090603]]
([TIME[2009-08-23 21:11:50 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090603#l-554>

[55] [CITE@en[(X)HTML5 Tracking]]
([TIME[2009-09-02 22:33:38 +09:00]] 版)
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=3724&to=3725>

[56] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090713]]
([TIME[2009-09-19 01:26:12 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090713#l-538>

[57] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20090714]]
([TIME[2009-09-19 17:07:55 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20090714#l-315>

[58] [CITE@en[gimite's web-socket-js at master - GitHub]]
([TIME[2009-10-18 18:23:12 +09:00]] 版)
<http://github.com/gimite/web-socket-js>

[59] [CITE@en[gimite's web-socket-ruby at master - GitHub]]
([TIME[2009-10-18 18:24:07 +09:00]] 版)
<http://github.com/gimite/web-socket-ruby>

[60] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]]
([TIME[2009-10-29 03:44:26 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-websockets-20091029/>

[61] <http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-socket-protocol/>

[62] [CITE@en[HTML5 Revision Tracker]]
([TIME[2010-03-02 22:30:24 +09:00]] 版)
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=4813&to=4814>

[63] [CITE@en-US[WebSockets in Firefox ✩ Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog]]
([TIME[2010-06-02 07:33:38 +09:00]] 版)
<http://hacks.mozilla.org/2010/04/websockets-in-firefox/>

[64] [CITE@en[HTML5 Revision Tracker]]
([TIME[2010-07-21 21:09:16 +09:00]] 版)
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=5172&to=5173>

[65] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100920]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-06 23:49:38 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100920#l-529>

[66] [CITE@en-US[WebSocket disabled in Firefox 4 ✩ Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog]]
( ([TIME[2010-12-22 23:57:21 +09:00]] 版))
<http://hacks.mozilla.org/2010/12/websockets-disabled-in-firefox-4/>

[67] [CITE[''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' Experiment comparing Upgrade and CONNECT handshakes]]
( ([TIME[2010-12-04 09:50:08 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg04744.html>

[68] [CITE[Disabling the WebSocket protocol — Anne’s Blog]]
( ([TIME[2010-12-22 23:57:58 +09:00]] 版))
<http://annevankesteren.nl/2010/12/websocket-protocol-vulnerability>

[69] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r5963 12102]]
( ([TIME[2011-03-25 08:59:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=5962&to=5963>

[7] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The Web Sockets API]]
([TIME[2009-12-18 02:03:50 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-websockets-20091222/>

[8] [CITE@en[typester's anyevent-websocket-demo at master - GitHub]]
([TIME[2010-01-30 22:16:41 +09:00]] 版)
<http://github.com/typester/anyevent-websocket-demo>

[9] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100215]]
([TIME[2010-02-19 08:10:13 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100215#l-801>

[10] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100503]]
([TIME[2010-05-31 06:35:58 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100503#l-206>

[11] [CITE['''['''hybi''']''' draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-00]]
([TIME[2010-06-04 14:30:12 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg02090.html>

[12] [CITE@en[draft-ietf-hybi-websocket-requirements-00 - HyBi WebSocket Requirements and Features]]
([TIME[2010-05-11 00:06:29 +09:00]] 版)
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-hybi-websocket-requirements-00>

[13] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100621]]
([TIME[2010-06-28 23:03:39 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100621#l-163>

[14] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100707]]
([TIME[2010-07-19 19:10:52 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100707>

[15] [CITE['''['''whatwg''']''' WebSockets feedback]]
([TIME[2010-07-23 08:27:24 +09:00]] 版)
<http://lists.whatwg.org/htdig.cgi/whatwg-whatwg.org/2010-July/027245.html>

[16] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100725]]
([TIME[2010-08-10 23:54:14 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100725>

[17] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100806]]
([TIME[2010-08-13 08:24:27 +09:00]] 版)
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100806>

[18] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r5409 Transferred the Web Sockets Protocol to Ian Fette.]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-02 19:00:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=5408&to=5409>

[19] [CITE@en[draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol - The WebSocket protocol]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-02 09:08:15 +09:00]] 版))
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol>

[20] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100902]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-20 22:31:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100902>

[21] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100915]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-28 00:57:22 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100915#l-420>

[22] [CITE[Re: ''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' Versioning is a anti-pattern]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-04 00:30:41 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg04029.html>

[23] [CITE[Re: ''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' I-D Action:draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-01.txt]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-04 00:30:44 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg03944.html>

[24] [CITE[Re: ''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' I-D Action:draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-01.txt]]
( ([TIME[2010-09-04 00:30:44 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg03944.html>

[25] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20100923]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-08 09:01:09 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20100923>

[26] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101005]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-16 08:48:35 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101005#l-406>

[27] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101006]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-21 08:34:18 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101006>

[28] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101010]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-22 23:35:52 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101010>

[29] [CITE@ja[Opera Desktop Team - Web Sockets enter the Opera House]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-23 00:19:44 +09:00]] 版))
<http://my.opera.com/desktopteam/blog/2010/10/11/websockets>

[30] [CITE@ja[Opera Core Concerns - WebSockets in Opera]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-23 00:20:52 +09:00]] 版))
<http://my.opera.com/core/blog/websockets>

[31] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101012]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-23 00:20:11 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101012>

[32] [CITE[Opera's WebSockets testsuite]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-11 18:24:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://testsuites.opera.com/websockets/>

[33] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101018]]
( ([TIME[2010-10-26 00:35:01 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101018>

[34] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101029]]
( ([TIME[2010-11-08 23:38:21 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101029>

[35] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20101209]]
( ([TIME[2011-01-02 19:54:41 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20101209>

[36] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20110125]]
( ([TIME[2011-03-05 23:17:17 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20110125#l-536>

[37] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20110325]]
( ([TIME[2011-04-10 19:16:01 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20110325#l-171>

[38] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2011-04-18 23:06:39 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-websockets-20110419/>

[39] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20110516]]
( ([TIME[2011-05-19 08:35:33 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20110516>

[40] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20110520]]
( ([TIME[2011-05-22 19:41:16 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20110520>

[41] [CITE[''''''[''''''whatwg'''''']'''''' WebSockets API feedback]]
( ([TIME[2011-05-25 08:37:01 +09:00]] 版))
<http://lists.whatwg.org/htdig.cgi/whatwg-whatwg.org/2011-May/031792.html>

[42] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r6151     WebSockets: binary data (first draft)]]
( ([TIME[2011-05-27 08:47:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=6150&to=6151>

[71] 最初は [[HTTP]] [[鯖]]みたいな複雑なことをせずとも簡単に実装できるのが売りだったのに、
こんなわけのわからぬことになってしまったんだ・・・。 [TIME[2011-06-05T03:53:28.00Z]]


[74] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r6330     WebSocket: Disallow this controversial extension rather than require it.]]
( ([TIME[2011-07-28 05:37:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=6329&to=6330>

[75] [CITE@en[New tests submitted by Microsoft for WebApps specs]]
( ([[Adrian Bateman]] 著, [TIME[2011-09-14 10:26:30 +09:00]] 版))
<http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webapps/2011JulSep/1406.html>

[76] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2011-09-29 18:38:11 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-websockets-20110929/>

[77] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r6632 Revert the part of r5409 that removed the URL parsing algorithms, since it's no longer defined in the protocol spec.]]
( ([TIME[2011-10-05 10:55:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=6631&to=6632>

[78] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20111013]]
( ([TIME[2011-10-17 22:06:50 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20111013#l-240>

[79] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20111115]]
( ([TIME[2011-11-16 23:10:22 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20111115#l-987>

[80] [CITE[''''''[''''''whatwg'''''']'''''' WebSocket framing]]
( ([TIME[2011-12-09 08:13:46 +09:00]] 版))
<http://lists.whatwg.org/htdig.cgi/whatwg-whatwg.org/2011-December/034132.html>

[81] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2011-12-07 01:33:53 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/CR-websockets-20111208/>

[82] [CITE[Chromium Blog: Web Sockets Now Available In Google Chrome]]
( ([TIME[2011-12-12 16:05:26 +09:00]] 版))
<http://blog.chromium.org/2009/12/web-sockets-now-available-in-google.html>

[83] [CITE@en[RFC 6455 - The WebSocket Protocol]]
( ([TIME[2011-12-12 09:12:59 +09:00]] 版))
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455>

[84] [CITE@en[| Xtranormal]]
( ([[Xtranormal]] 著, [TIME[2012-02-29 23:32:09 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.xtranormal.com/watch/7991991/web-sockets-we-are-the-first>

[85] [CITE[Scheme/Host/Port: RFC 6454 and RFC 6455]]
( ([TIME[2012-02-16 12:42:54 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.schemehostport.com/2011/12/rfc-6454-and-rfc-6465.html>

[86] [CITE[IRC logs: freenode / #whatwg / 20120327]]
( ([TIME[2012-04-09 21:35:50 +09:00]] 版))
<http://krijnhoetmer.nl/irc-logs/whatwg/20120327#l-638>

[87] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2012-05-24 23:21:13 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-websockets-20120524/>

[88] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2012-08-08 03:19:30 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-websockets-20120809/>

[89] [CITE@en-US-x-Hixie[The WebSocket API]]
( ([TIME[2012-09-19 23:57:11 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-websockets-20120920/>

[90] [CITE@en[Interview with Ian Hickson, HTML editor | HTML5 Doctor]]
( ([TIME[2013-01-13 18:27:28 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5doctor.com/interview-with-ian-hickson-html-editor/>

[91] [CITE[websockets-mixed-content]]
( ([TIME[2013-10-05 02:05:52 +09:00]] 版))
<http://nwilson.github.io/websockets-mixed-context/>

[92] [CITE[websockets-mixed-content]]
( ([TIME[2013-10-05 02:05:52 +09:00]] 版))
<http://nwilson.github.io/websockets-mixed-context/>

[93] [CITE@en[Web Applications 1.0 r8232     Make sure WebSocket connections that can't honour the subprotocol don't get established (looks like this got broken in the protocol spec at some point)]]
( ([TIME[2013-10-22 02:10:00 +09:00]] 版))
<http://html5.org/tools/web-apps-tracker?from=8231&to=8232>

[99] [CITE@en[RFC 7355 - Indicating WebSocket Protocol as a Transport in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Common Log Format (CLF)]]
( ([TIME[2014-09-23 21:54:48 +09:00]] 版))
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7355>

[100] [CITE@en[RFC 7118 - The WebSocket Protocol as a Transport for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)]]
( ([TIME[2014-09-11 11:03:12 +09:00]] 版))
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7118>

[101] [CITE[iOSとHTML5とWebSocketと画面ロックと - Qiita]]
( ([TIME[2014-11-13 06:35:28 +09:00]] 版))
<http://qiita.com/tomoyukilabs/items/3dd71b07778e0963ec67>

[REFS[
- [102] [CITE[UPnP Device Architecture 2.0]] ([TIME[2014-09-05 02:24:48 +09:00]] 版) <http://upnp.org/specs/arch/UPnP-arch-DeviceArchitecture-v2.0.pdf#page=194>
]REFS]

[103] >>102 は [[UCA]] over [[Web Sockets]] を紹介しています (が詳しい規定はありません)。


[104] [CITE@en[RFC 7118 - The WebSocket Protocol as a Transport for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)]]
( ([TIME[2014-12-14 15:19:16 +09:00]] 版))
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7118>

[105] [CITE@en[RFC 7395 - An Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) Subprotocol for WebSocket]]
( ([TIME[2014-10-31 10:01:54 +09:00]] 版))
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7395>

[106] [CITE[WebSocket Protocol Registries]]
( ([TIME[2014-11-07 07:21:35 +09:00]] 版))
<http://www.iana.org/assignments/websocket/websocket.xhtml>

[107] [CITE@en[MIX: Stop throwing exceptions for WebSockets. · f2730ad · w3c/webappsec]]
( ([TIME[2015-01-15 11:45:15 +09:00]] 版))
<https://github.com/w3c/webappsec/commit/f2730ad4e5125a574bc885883542e57da99cc6c3>

[108] [CITE@en[RFC 7355 - Indicating WebSocket Protocol as a Transport in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Common Log Format (CLF)]]
( ([TIME[2014-12-28 22:53:32 +09:00]] 版))
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7355>

[109] [CITE[''''''[''''''hybi'''''']'''''' Informal survey: "Non Request-Response Communication over the Web, and What's Missing"]]
([TIME[2015-01-16 21:50:06 +09:00]] 版)
<http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/hybi/current/msg10580.html>

[110] [CITE@en[mod_proxy_wstunnel - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4]]
([TIME[2015-01-02 00:30:56 +09:00]] 版)
<http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/en/mod/mod_proxy_wstunnel.html>

[111] [CITE[Still looking for alternatives to CORS and WebSocket — Anne’s Blog]]
([TIME[2015-03-21 15:13:43 +09:00]] 版)
<https://annevankesteren.nl/2015/03/public-internet-proxy>


[114] [CITE[WebSocket Layering over SPDY ''''''[''''''public draft'''''']'''''' - Google Docs]]
([TIME[2015-05-17 00:15:26 +09:00]] 版)
<https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zUEFzz7NCls3Yms8hXxY4wGXJ3EEvoZc3GihrqPQcM0/edit?pli=1>

[128] [CITE@en[draft-hirano-httpbis-websocket-over-http2-01 - WebSocket over HTTP/2]]
([TIME[2015-04-24 04:11:46 +09:00]] 版)
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hirano-httpbis-websocket-over-http2-01>

[129] [CITE@en[draft-ietf-hybi-websocket-requirements-02 - HyBi WebSocket Requirements and Features]]
([TIME[2015-04-24 04:46:34 +09:00]] 版)
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-hybi-websocket-requirements-02>

[130] [CITE@en[draft-ibc-websocket-dns-srv-02 - DNS SRV Resource Records for the WebSocket Protocol]]
([TIME[2015-04-24 04:45:19 +09:00]] 版)
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ibc-websocket-dns-srv-02>

[136] [CITE@en-US[Writing WebSocket servers - WebSockets | MDN]]
([TIME[2015-03-07 20:59:19 +09:00]] 版)
<https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/WebSockets/Writing_WebSocket_servers>