server.go

/*
Copyright 2014 The Kubernetes Authors All rights reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

// Package app makes it easy to create a kubelet server for various contexts.
package app

// Note: if you change code in this file, you might need to change code in
// contrib/mesos/pkg/executor/service/.

import (
	"crypto/tls"
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	_ "net/http/pprof"
	"path"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/capabilities"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/client/chaosclient"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/client/record"
	client "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/client/unversioned"
	clientauth "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/client/unversioned/auth"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/client/unversioned/clientcmd"
	clientcmdapi "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/client/unversioned/clientcmd/api"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/credentialprovider"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/healthz"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/cadvisor"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/config"
	kubecontainer "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/container"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/dockertools"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/network"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/qos"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/master/ports"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/io"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/mount"
	nodeutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/node"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/oom"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/volume"

	"github.com/golang/glog"
	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/cloudprovider"
)

const defaultRootDir = "/var/lib/kubelet"

// KubeletServer encapsulates all of the parameters necessary for starting up
// a kubelet. These can either be set via command line or directly.
type KubeletServer struct {
	Address                        net.IP
	AllowPrivileged                bool
	APIServerList                  []string
	AuthPath                       util.StringFlag // Deprecated -- use KubeConfig instead
	CAdvisorPort                   uint
	CertDirectory                  string
	CgroupRoot                     string
	CloudConfigFile                string
	CloudProvider                  string
	ClusterDNS                     net.IP
	ClusterDomain                  string
	Config                         string
	ConfigureCBR0                  bool
	ContainerRuntime               string
	CPUCFSQuota                    bool
	DockerDaemonContainer          string
	DockerEndpoint                 string
	DockerExecHandlerName          string
	EnableDebuggingHandlers        bool
	EnableServer                   bool
	EventBurst                     int
	EventRecordQPS                 float32
	FileCheckFrequency             time.Duration
	HealthzBindAddress             net.IP
	HealthzPort                    int
	HostnameOverride               string
	HostNetworkSources             string
	HostPIDSources                 string
	HostIPCSources                 string
	HTTPCheckFrequency             time.Duration
	ImageGCHighThresholdPercent    int
	ImageGCLowThresholdPercent     int
	KubeConfig                     util.StringFlag
	LowDiskSpaceThresholdMB        int
	ManifestURL                    string
	ManifestURLHeader              string
	MasterServiceNamespace         string
	MaxContainerCount              int
	MaxOpenFiles                   uint64
	MaxPerPodContainerCount        int
	MaxPods                        int
	MinimumGCAge                   time.Duration
	NetworkPluginDir               string
	NetworkPluginName              string
	NodeStatusUpdateFrequency      time.Duration
	OOMScoreAdj                    int
	PodCIDR                        string
	PodInfraContainerImage         string
	Port                           uint
	ReadOnlyPort                   uint
	RegisterNode                   bool
	RegistryBurst                  int
	RegistryPullQPS                float64
	ResolverConfig                 string
	ResourceContainer              string
	RktPath                        string
	RktStage1Image                 string
	RootDirectory                  string
	RunOnce                        bool
	StandaloneMode                 bool
	StreamingConnectionIdleTimeout time.Duration
	SyncFrequency                  time.Duration
	SystemContainer                string
	TLSCertFile                    string
	TLSPrivateKeyFile              string

	// Flags intended for testing
	// Is the kubelet containerized?
	Containerized bool
	// Insert a probability of random errors during calls to the master.
	ChaosChance float64
	// Crash immediately, rather than eating panics.
	ReallyCrashForTesting bool
	// Pull images one at a time.
	SerializeImagePulls bool
}

// bootstrapping interface for kubelet, targets the initialization protocol
type KubeletBootstrap interface {
	BirthCry()
	StartGarbageCollection()
	ListenAndServe(net.IP, uint, *kubelet.TLSOptions, bool)
	ListenAndServeReadOnly(net.IP, uint)
	Run(<-chan kubelet.PodUpdate)
	RunOnce(<-chan kubelet.PodUpdate) ([]kubelet.RunPodResult, error)
}

// create and initialize a Kubelet instance
type KubeletBuilder func(kc *KubeletConfig) (KubeletBootstrap, *config.PodConfig, error)

// NewKubeletServer will create a new KubeletServer with default values.
func NewKubeletServer() *KubeletServer {
	return &KubeletServer{
		Address:                     net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
		AuthPath:                    util.NewStringFlag("/var/lib/kubelet/kubernetes_auth"), // deprecated
		CAdvisorPort:                4194,
		CertDirectory:               "/var/run/kubernetes",
		CgroupRoot:                  "",
		ConfigureCBR0:               false,
		ContainerRuntime:            "docker",
		CPUCFSQuota:                 false,
		DockerDaemonContainer:       "/docker-daemon",
		DockerExecHandlerName:       "native",
		EnableDebuggingHandlers:     true,
		EnableServer:                true,
		FileCheckFrequency:          20 * time.Second,
		HealthzBindAddress:          net.ParseIP("127.0.0.1"),
		HealthzPort:                 10248,
		HostNetworkSources:          kubelet.AllSource,
		HostPIDSources:              kubelet.AllSource,
		HostIPCSources:              kubelet.AllSource,
		HTTPCheckFrequency:          20 * time.Second,
		ImageGCHighThresholdPercent: 90,
		ImageGCLowThresholdPercent:  80,
		KubeConfig:                  util.NewStringFlag("/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig"),
		LowDiskSpaceThresholdMB:     256,
		MasterServiceNamespace:      api.NamespaceDefault,
		MaxContainerCount:           100,
		MaxPerPodContainerCount:     2,
		MaxOpenFiles:                1000000,
		MinimumGCAge:                1 * time.Minute,
		NetworkPluginDir:            "/usr/libexec/kubernetes/kubelet-plugins/net/exec/",
		NetworkPluginName:           "",
		NodeStatusUpdateFrequency:   10 * time.Second,
		OOMScoreAdj:                 qos.KubeletOomScoreAdj,
		PodInfraContainerImage:      dockertools.PodInfraContainerImage,
		Port:              ports.KubeletPort,
		ReadOnlyPort:      ports.KubeletReadOnlyPort,
		RegisterNode:      true, // will be ignored if no apiserver is configured
		RegistryBurst:     10,
		ResourceContainer: "/kubelet",
		RktPath:           "",
		RktStage1Image:    "",
		RootDirectory:     defaultRootDir,
		SyncFrequency:     10 * time.Second,
		SystemContainer:   "",
	}
}

// NewKubeletCommand creates a *cobra.Command object with default parameters
func NewKubeletCommand() *cobra.Command {
	s := NewKubeletServer()
	s.AddFlags(pflag.CommandLine)
	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use: "kubelet",
		Long: `The kubelet is the primary "node agent" that runs on each
node. The kubelet works in terms of a PodSpec. A PodSpec is a YAML or JSON object
that describes a pod. The kubelet takes a set of PodSpecs that are provided through
various mechanisms (primarily through the apiserver) and ensures that the containers
described in those PodSpecs are running and healthy.

Other than from an PodSpec from the apiserver, there are three ways that a container
manifest can be provided to the Kubelet.

File: Path passed as a flag on the command line. This file is rechecked every 20
seconds (configurable with a flag).

HTTP endpoint: HTTP endpoint passed as a parameter on the command line. This endpoint
is checked every 20 seconds (also configurable with a flag).

HTTP server: The kubelet can also listen for HTTP and respond to a simple API
(underspec'd currently) to submit a new manifest.`,
		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
		},
	}

	return cmd
}

// AddFlags adds flags for a specific KubeletServer to the specified FlagSet
func (s *KubeletServer) AddFlags(fs *pflag.FlagSet) {
	fs.StringVar(&s.Config, "config", s.Config, "Path to the config file or directory of files")
	fs.DurationVar(&s.SyncFrequency, "sync-frequency", s.SyncFrequency, "Max period between synchronizing running containers and config")
	fs.DurationVar(&s.FileCheckFrequency, "file-check-frequency", s.FileCheckFrequency, "Duration between checking config files for new data")
	fs.DurationVar(&s.HTTPCheckFrequency, "http-check-frequency", s.HTTPCheckFrequency, "Duration between checking http for new data")
	fs.StringVar(&s.ManifestURL, "manifest-url", s.ManifestURL, "URL for accessing the container manifest")
	fs.StringVar(&s.ManifestURLHeader, "manifest-url-header", s.ManifestURLHeader, "HTTP header to use when accessing the manifest URL, with the key separated from the value with a ':', as in 'key:value'")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.EnableServer, "enable-server", s.EnableServer, "Enable the Kubelet's server")
	fs.IPVar(&s.Address, "address", s.Address, "The IP address for the Kubelet to serve on (set to 0.0.0.0 for all interfaces)")
	fs.UintVar(&s.Port, "port", s.Port, "The port for the Kubelet to serve on. Note that \"kubectl logs\" will not work if you set this flag.") // see #9325
	fs.UintVar(&s.ReadOnlyPort, "read-only-port", s.ReadOnlyPort, "The read-only port for the Kubelet to serve on (set to 0 to disable)")
	fs.StringVar(&s.TLSCertFile, "tls-cert-file", s.TLSCertFile, ""+
		"File containing x509 Certificate for HTTPS.  (CA cert, if any, concatenated after server cert). "+
		"If --tls-cert-file and --tls-private-key-file are not provided, a self-signed certificate and key "+
		"are generated for the public address and saved to the directory passed to --cert-dir.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.TLSPrivateKeyFile, "tls-private-key-file", s.TLSPrivateKeyFile, "File containing x509 private key matching --tls-cert-file.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.CertDirectory, "cert-dir", s.CertDirectory, "The directory where the TLS certs are located (by default /var/run/kubernetes). "+
		"If --tls-cert-file and --tls-private-key-file are provided, this flag will be ignored.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.HostnameOverride, "hostname-override", s.HostnameOverride, "If non-empty, will use this string as identification instead of the actual hostname.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.PodInfraContainerImage, "pod-infra-container-image", s.PodInfraContainerImage, "The image whose network/ipc namespaces containers in each pod will use.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.DockerEndpoint, "docker-endpoint", s.DockerEndpoint, "If non-empty, use this for the docker endpoint to communicate with")
	fs.StringVar(&s.RootDirectory, "root-dir", s.RootDirectory, "Directory path for managing kubelet files (volume mounts,etc).")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.AllowPrivileged, "allow-privileged", s.AllowPrivileged, "If true, allow containers to request privileged mode. [default=false]")
	fs.StringVar(&s.HostNetworkSources, "host-network-sources", s.HostNetworkSources, "Comma-separated list of sources from which the Kubelet allows pods to use of host network. [default=\"*\"]")
	fs.StringVar(&s.HostPIDSources, "host-pid-sources", s.HostPIDSources, "Comma-separated list of sources from which the Kubelet allows pods to use the host pid namespace. [default=\"*\"]")
	fs.StringVar(&s.HostIPCSources, "host-ipc-sources", s.HostIPCSources, "Comma-separated list of sources from which the Kubelet allows pods to use the host ipc namespace. [default=\"*\"]")
	fs.Float64Var(&s.RegistryPullQPS, "registry-qps", s.RegistryPullQPS, "If > 0, limit registry pull QPS to this value.  If 0, unlimited. [default=0.0]")
	fs.IntVar(&s.RegistryBurst, "registry-burst", s.RegistryBurst, "Maximum size of a bursty pulls, temporarily allows pulls to burst to this number, while still not exceeding registry-qps.  Only used if --registry-qps > 0")
	fs.Float32Var(&s.EventRecordQPS, "event-qps", s.EventRecordQPS, "If > 0, limit event creations per second to this value. If 0, unlimited. [default=0.0]")
	fs.IntVar(&s.EventBurst, "event-burst", s.EventBurst, "Maximum size of a bursty event records, temporarily allows event records to burst to this number, while still not exceeding event-qps. Only used if --event-qps > 0")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.RunOnce, "runonce", s.RunOnce, "If true, exit after spawning pods from local manifests or remote urls. Exclusive with --api-servers, and --enable-server")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.EnableDebuggingHandlers, "enable-debugging-handlers", s.EnableDebuggingHandlers, "Enables server endpoints for log collection and local running of containers and commands")
	fs.DurationVar(&s.MinimumGCAge, "minimum-container-ttl-duration", s.MinimumGCAge, "Minimum age for a finished container before it is garbage collected.  Examples: '300ms', '10s' or '2h45m'")
	fs.IntVar(&s.MaxPerPodContainerCount, "maximum-dead-containers-per-container", s.MaxPerPodContainerCount, "Maximum number of old instances to retain per container.  Each container takes up some disk space.  Default: 2.")
	fs.IntVar(&s.MaxContainerCount, "maximum-dead-containers", s.MaxContainerCount, "Maximum number of old instances of containers to retain globally.  Each container takes up some disk space.  Default: 100.")
	fs.Var(&s.AuthPath, "auth-path", "Path to .kubernetes_auth file, specifying how to authenticate to API server.")
	fs.MarkDeprecated("auth-path", "will be removed in a future version")
	fs.Var(&s.KubeConfig, "kubeconfig", "Path to a kubeconfig file, specifying how to authenticate to API server (the master location is set by the api-servers flag).")
	fs.UintVar(&s.CAdvisorPort, "cadvisor-port", s.CAdvisorPort, "The port of the localhost cAdvisor endpoint")
	fs.IntVar(&s.HealthzPort, "healthz-port", s.HealthzPort, "The port of the localhost healthz endpoint")
	fs.IPVar(&s.HealthzBindAddress, "healthz-bind-address", s.HealthzBindAddress, "The IP address for the healthz server to serve on, defaulting to 127.0.0.1 (set to 0.0.0.0 for all interfaces)")
	fs.IntVar(&s.OOMScoreAdj, "oom-score-adj", s.OOMScoreAdj, "The oom-score-adj value for kubelet process. Values must be within the range [-1000, 1000]")
	fs.StringSliceVar(&s.APIServerList, "api-servers", []string{}, "List of Kubernetes API servers for publishing events, and reading pods and services. (ip:port), comma separated.")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.RegisterNode, "register-node", s.RegisterNode, "Register the node with the apiserver (defaults to true if --api-servers is set)")
	fs.StringVar(&s.ClusterDomain, "cluster-domain", s.ClusterDomain, "Domain for this cluster.  If set, kubelet will configure all containers to search this domain in addition to the host's search domains")
	fs.StringVar(&s.MasterServiceNamespace, "master-service-namespace", s.MasterServiceNamespace, "The namespace from which the kubernetes master services should be injected into pods")
	fs.IPVar(&s.ClusterDNS, "cluster-dns", s.ClusterDNS, "IP address for a cluster DNS server.  If set, kubelet will configure all containers to use this for DNS resolution in addition to the host's DNS servers")
	fs.DurationVar(&s.StreamingConnectionIdleTimeout, "streaming-connection-idle-timeout", 0, "Maximum time a streaming connection can be idle before the connection is automatically closed.  Example: '5m'")
	fs.DurationVar(&s.NodeStatusUpdateFrequency, "node-status-update-frequency", s.NodeStatusUpdateFrequency, "Specifies how often kubelet posts node status to master. Note: be cautious when changing the constant, it must work with nodeMonitorGracePeriod in nodecontroller. Default: 10s")
	fs.IntVar(&s.ImageGCHighThresholdPercent, "image-gc-high-threshold", s.ImageGCHighThresholdPercent, "The percent of disk usage after which image garbage collection is always run. Default: 90%%")
	fs.IntVar(&s.ImageGCLowThresholdPercent, "image-gc-low-threshold", s.ImageGCLowThresholdPercent, "The percent of disk usage before which image garbage collection is never run. Lowest disk usage to garbage collect to. Default: 80%%")
	fs.IntVar(&s.LowDiskSpaceThresholdMB, "low-diskspace-threshold-mb", s.LowDiskSpaceThresholdMB, "The absolute free disk space, in MB, to maintain. When disk space falls below this threshold, new pods would be rejected. Default: 256")
	fs.StringVar(&s.NetworkPluginName, "network-plugin", s.NetworkPluginName, "<Warning: Alpha feature> The name of the network plugin to be invoked for various events in kubelet/pod lifecycle")
	fs.StringVar(&s.NetworkPluginDir, "network-plugin-dir", s.NetworkPluginDir, "<Warning: Alpha feature> The full path of the directory in which to search for network plugins")
	fs.StringVar(&s.CloudProvider, "cloud-provider", s.CloudProvider, "The provider for cloud services.  Empty string for no provider.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.CloudConfigFile, "cloud-config", s.CloudConfigFile, "The path to the cloud provider configuration file.  Empty string for no configuration file.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.ResourceContainer, "resource-container", s.ResourceContainer, "Absolute name of the resource-only container to create and run the Kubelet in (Default: /kubelet).")
	fs.StringVar(&s.CgroupRoot, "cgroup-root", s.CgroupRoot, "Optional root cgroup to use for pods. This is handled by the container runtime on a best effort basis. Default: '', which means use the container runtime default.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.ContainerRuntime, "container-runtime", s.ContainerRuntime, "The container runtime to use. Possible values: 'docker', 'rkt'. Default: 'docker'.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.RktPath, "rkt-path", s.RktPath, "Path of rkt binary. Leave empty to use the first rkt in $PATH.  Only used if --container-runtime='rkt'")
	fs.StringVar(&s.RktStage1Image, "rkt-stage1-image", s.RktStage1Image, "image to use as stage1. Local paths and http/https URLs are supported. If empty, the 'stage1.aci' in the same directory as '--rkt-path' will be used")
	fs.StringVar(&s.SystemContainer, "system-container", s.SystemContainer, "Optional resource-only container in which to place all non-kernel processes that are not already in a container. Empty for no container. Rolling back the flag requires a reboot. (Default: \"\").")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.ConfigureCBR0, "configure-cbr0", s.ConfigureCBR0, "If true, kubelet will configure cbr0 based on Node.Spec.PodCIDR.")
	fs.IntVar(&s.MaxPods, "max-pods", 40, "Number of Pods that can run on this Kubelet.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.DockerExecHandlerName, "docker-exec-handler", s.DockerExecHandlerName, "Handler to use when executing a command in a container. Valid values are 'native' and 'nsenter'. Defaults to 'native'.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.PodCIDR, "pod-cidr", "", "The CIDR to use for pod IP addresses, only used in standalone mode.  In cluster mode, this is obtained from the master.")
	fs.StringVar(&s.ResolverConfig, "resolv-conf", kubelet.ResolvConfDefault, "Resolver configuration file used as the basis for the container DNS resolution configuration.")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.CPUCFSQuota, "cpu-cfs-quota", s.CPUCFSQuota, "Enable CPU CFS quota enforcement for containers that specify CPU limits")
	// Flags intended for testing, not recommended used in production environments.
	fs.BoolVar(&s.ReallyCrashForTesting, "really-crash-for-testing", s.ReallyCrashForTesting, "If true, when panics occur crash. Intended for testing.")
	fs.Float64Var(&s.ChaosChance, "chaos-chance", s.ChaosChance, "If > 0.0, introduce random client errors and latency. Intended for testing. [default=0.0]")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.Containerized, "containerized", s.Containerized, "Experimental support for running kubelet in a container.  Intended for testing. [default=false]")
	fs.Uint64Var(&s.MaxOpenFiles, "max-open-files", 1000000, "Number of files that can be opened by Kubelet process. [default=1000000]")
	fs.BoolVar(&s.SerializeImagePulls, "serialize-image-pulls", s.SerializeImagePulls, "Pull images one at a time. We recommend *not* changing the default value on nodes that run docker daemon with version < 1.9 or an Aufs storage backend. Issue #10959 has more details. [default=true]")
}

// KubeletConfig returns a KubeletConfig suitable for being run, or an error if the server setup
// is not valid.  It will not start any background processes.
func (s *KubeletServer) KubeletConfig() (*KubeletConfig, error) {
	hostNetworkSources, err := kubelet.GetValidatedSources(strings.Split(s.HostNetworkSources, ","))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	hostPIDSources, err := kubelet.GetValidatedSources(strings.Split(s.HostPIDSources, ","))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	hostIPCSources, err := kubelet.GetValidatedSources(strings.Split(s.HostIPCSources, ","))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	mounter := mount.New()
	var writer io.Writer = &io.StdWriter{}
	if s.Containerized {
		glog.V(2).Info("Running kubelet in containerized mode (experimental)")
		mounter = mount.NewNsenterMounter()
		writer = &io.NsenterWriter{}
	}

	tlsOptions, err := s.InitializeTLS()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	var dockerExecHandler dockertools.ExecHandler
	switch s.DockerExecHandlerName {
	case "native":
		dockerExecHandler = &dockertools.NativeExecHandler{}
	case "nsenter":
		dockerExecHandler = &dockertools.NsenterExecHandler{}
	default:
		glog.Warningf("Unknown Docker exec handler %q; defaulting to native", s.DockerExecHandlerName)
		dockerExecHandler = &dockertools.NativeExecHandler{}
	}

	imageGCPolicy := kubelet.ImageGCPolicy{
		HighThresholdPercent: s.ImageGCHighThresholdPercent,
		LowThresholdPercent:  s.ImageGCLowThresholdPercent,
	}

	diskSpacePolicy := kubelet.DiskSpacePolicy{
		DockerFreeDiskMB: s.LowDiskSpaceThresholdMB,
		RootFreeDiskMB:   s.LowDiskSpaceThresholdMB,
	}

	manifestURLHeader := make(http.Header)
	if s.ManifestURLHeader != "" {
		pieces := strings.Split(s.ManifestURLHeader, ":")
		if len(pieces) != 2 {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("manifest-url-header must have a single ':' key-value separator, got %q", s.ManifestURLHeader)
		}
		manifestURLHeader.Set(pieces[0], pieces[1])
	}

	return &KubeletConfig{
		Address:                   s.Address,
		AllowPrivileged:           s.AllowPrivileged,
		CAdvisorInterface:         nil, // launches background processes, not set here
		CgroupRoot:                s.CgroupRoot,
		Cloud:                     nil, // cloud provider might start background processes
		ClusterDNS:                s.ClusterDNS,
		ClusterDomain:             s.ClusterDomain,
		ConfigFile:                s.Config,
		ConfigureCBR0:             s.ConfigureCBR0,
		ContainerRuntime:          s.ContainerRuntime,
		CPUCFSQuota:               s.CPUCFSQuota,
		DiskSpacePolicy:           diskSpacePolicy,
		DockerClient:              dockertools.ConnectToDockerOrDie(s.DockerEndpoint),
		DockerDaemonContainer:     s.DockerDaemonContainer,
		DockerExecHandler:         dockerExecHandler,
		EnableDebuggingHandlers:   s.EnableDebuggingHandlers,
		EnableServer:              s.EnableServer,
		EventBurst:                s.EventBurst,
		EventRecordQPS:            s.EventRecordQPS,
		FileCheckFrequency:        s.FileCheckFrequency,
		HostnameOverride:          s.HostnameOverride,
		HostNetworkSources:        hostNetworkSources,
		HostPIDSources:            hostPIDSources,
		HostIPCSources:            hostIPCSources,
		HTTPCheckFrequency:        s.HTTPCheckFrequency,
		ImageGCPolicy:             imageGCPolicy,
		KubeClient:                nil,
		ManifestURL:               s.ManifestURL,
		ManifestURLHeader:         manifestURLHeader,
		MasterServiceNamespace:    s.MasterServiceNamespace,
		MaxContainerCount:         s.MaxContainerCount,
		MaxOpenFiles:              s.MaxOpenFiles,
		MaxPerPodContainerCount:   s.MaxPerPodContainerCount,
		MaxPods:                   s.MaxPods,
		MinimumGCAge:              s.MinimumGCAge,
		Mounter:                   mounter,
		NetworkPluginName:         s.NetworkPluginName,
		NetworkPlugins:            ProbeNetworkPlugins(s.NetworkPluginDir),
		NodeStatusUpdateFrequency: s.NodeStatusUpdateFrequency,
		OSInterface:               kubecontainer.RealOS{},
		PodCIDR:                   s.PodCIDR,
		PodInfraContainerImage:    s.PodInfraContainerImage,
		Port:                           s.Port,
		ReadOnlyPort:                   s.ReadOnlyPort,
		RegisterNode:                   s.RegisterNode,
		RegistryBurst:                  s.RegistryBurst,
		RegistryPullQPS:                s.RegistryPullQPS,
		ResolverConfig:                 s.ResolverConfig,
		ResourceContainer:              s.ResourceContainer,
		RktPath:                        s.RktPath,
		RktStage1Image:                 s.RktStage1Image,
		RootDirectory:                  s.RootDirectory,
		Runonce:                        s.RunOnce,
		SerializeImagePulls:            s.SerializeImagePulls,
		StandaloneMode:                 (len(s.APIServerList) == 0),
		StreamingConnectionIdleTimeout: s.StreamingConnectionIdleTimeout,
		SyncFrequency:                  s.SyncFrequency,
		SystemContainer:                s.SystemContainer,
		TLSOptions:                     tlsOptions,
		Writer:                         writer,
		VolumePlugins:                  ProbeVolumePlugins(),
	}, nil
}

// Run runs the specified KubeletServer for the given KubeletConfig.  This should never exit.
// The kcfg argument may be nil - if so, it is initialized from the settings on KubeletServer.
// Otherwise, the caller is assumed to have set up the KubeletConfig object and all defaults
// will be ignored.
func (s *KubeletServer) Run(kcfg *KubeletConfig) error {
	if kcfg == nil {
		cfg, err := s.KubeletConfig()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		kcfg = cfg

		clientConfig, err := s.CreateAPIServerClientConfig()
		if err == nil {
			kcfg.KubeClient, err = client.New(clientConfig)
		}
		if err != nil && len(s.APIServerList) > 0 {
			glog.Warningf("No API client: %v", err)
		}

		cloud, err := cloudprovider.InitCloudProvider(s.CloudProvider, s.CloudConfigFile)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		glog.V(2).Infof("Successfully initialized cloud provider: %q from the config file: %q\n", s.CloudProvider, s.CloudConfigFile)
		kcfg.Cloud = cloud
	}

	if kcfg.CAdvisorInterface == nil {
		ca, err := cadvisor.New(s.CAdvisorPort)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		kcfg.CAdvisorInterface = ca
	}

	util.ReallyCrash = s.ReallyCrashForTesting
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UTC().UnixNano())

	credentialprovider.SetPreferredDockercfgPath(s.RootDirectory)

	glog.V(2).Infof("Using root directory: %v", s.RootDirectory)

	// TODO(vmarmol): Do this through container config.
	oomAdjuster := oom.NewOomAdjuster()
	if err := oomAdjuster.ApplyOomScoreAdj(0, s.OOMScoreAdj); err != nil {
		glog.Warning(err)
	}

	if err := RunKubelet(kcfg, nil); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if s.HealthzPort > 0 {
		healthz.DefaultHealthz()
		go util.Until(func() {
			err := http.ListenAndServe(net.JoinHostPort(s.HealthzBindAddress.String(), strconv.Itoa(s.HealthzPort)), nil)
			if err != nil {
				glog.Errorf("Starting health server failed: %v", err)
			}
		}, 5*time.Second, util.NeverStop)
	}

	if s.RunOnce {
		return nil
	}

	// run forever
	select {}
}

// InitializeTLS checks for a configured TLSCertFile and TLSPrivateKeyFile: if unspecified a new self-signed
// certificate and key file are generated. Returns a configured kubelet.TLSOptions object.
func (s *KubeletServer) InitializeTLS() (*kubelet.TLSOptions, error) {
	if s.TLSCertFile == "" && s.TLSPrivateKeyFile == "" {
		s.TLSCertFile = path.Join(s.CertDirectory, "kubelet.crt")
		s.TLSPrivateKeyFile = path.Join(s.CertDirectory, "kubelet.key")
		if err := util.GenerateSelfSignedCert(nodeutil.GetHostname(s.HostnameOverride), s.TLSCertFile, s.TLSPrivateKeyFile, nil, nil); err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to generate self signed cert: %v", err)
		}
		glog.V(4).Infof("Using self-signed cert (%s, %s)", s.TLSCertFile, s.TLSPrivateKeyFile)
	}
	tlsOptions := &kubelet.TLSOptions{
		Config: &tls.Config{
			// Change default from SSLv3 to TLSv1.0 (because of POODLE vulnerability).
			MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS10,
			// Populate PeerCertificates in requests, but don't yet reject connections without certificates.
			ClientAuth: tls.RequestClientCert,
		},
		CertFile: s.TLSCertFile,
		KeyFile:  s.TLSPrivateKeyFile,
	}
	return tlsOptions, nil
}

func (s *KubeletServer) authPathClientConfig(useDefaults bool) (*client.Config, error) {
	authInfo, err := clientauth.LoadFromFile(s.AuthPath.Value())
	if err != nil && !useDefaults {
		return nil, err
	}
	// If loading the default auth path, for backwards compatibility keep going
	// with the default auth.
	if err != nil {
		glog.Warningf("Could not load kubernetes auth path %s: %v. Continuing with defaults.", s.AuthPath, err)
	}
	if authInfo == nil {
		// authInfo didn't load correctly - continue with defaults.
		authInfo = &clientauth.Info{}
	}
	authConfig, err := authInfo.MergeWithConfig(client.Config{})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	authConfig.Host = s.APIServerList[0]
	return &authConfig, nil
}

func (s *KubeletServer) kubeconfigClientConfig() (*client.Config, error) {
	return clientcmd.NewNonInteractiveDeferredLoadingClientConfig(
		&clientcmd.ClientConfigLoadingRules{ExplicitPath: s.KubeConfig.Value()},
		&clientcmd.ConfigOverrides{ClusterInfo: clientcmdapi.Cluster{Server: s.APIServerList[0]}}).ClientConfig()
}

// createClientConfig creates a client configuration from the command line
// arguments. If either --auth-path or --kubeconfig is explicitly set, it
// will be used (setting both is an error). If neither are set first attempt
// to load the default kubeconfig file, then the default auth path file, and
// fall back to the default auth (none) without an error.
// TODO(roberthbailey): Remove support for --auth-path
func (s *KubeletServer) createClientConfig() (*client.Config, error) {
	if s.KubeConfig.Provided() && s.AuthPath.Provided() {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot specify both --kubeconfig and --auth-path")
	}
	if s.KubeConfig.Provided() {
		return s.kubeconfigClientConfig()
	} else if s.AuthPath.Provided() {
		return s.authPathClientConfig(false)
	}
	// Try the kubeconfig default first, falling back to the auth path default.
	clientConfig, err := s.kubeconfigClientConfig()
	if err != nil {
		glog.Warningf("Could not load kubeconfig file %s: %v. Trying auth path instead.", s.KubeConfig, err)
		return s.authPathClientConfig(true)
	}
	return clientConfig, nil
}

// CreateAPIServerClientConfig generates a client.Config from command line flags,
// including api-server-list, via createClientConfig and then injects chaos into
// the configuration via addChaosToClientConfig. This func is exported to support
// integration with third party kubelet extensions (e.g. kubernetes-mesos).
func (s *KubeletServer) CreateAPIServerClientConfig() (*client.Config, error) {
	if len(s.APIServerList) < 1 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no api servers specified")
	}
	// TODO: adapt Kube client to support LB over several servers
	if len(s.APIServerList) > 1 {
		glog.Infof("Multiple api servers specified.  Picking first one")
	}

	clientConfig, err := s.createClientConfig()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	s.addChaosToClientConfig(clientConfig)
	return clientConfig, nil
}

// addChaosToClientConfig injects random errors into client connections if configured.
func (s *KubeletServer) addChaosToClientConfig(config *client.Config) {
	if s.ChaosChance != 0.0 {
		config.WrapTransport = func(rt http.RoundTripper) http.RoundTripper {
			seed := chaosclient.NewSeed(1)
			// TODO: introduce a standard chaos package with more tunables - this is just a proof of concept
			// TODO: introduce random latency and stalls
			return chaosclient.NewChaosRoundTripper(rt, chaosclient.LogChaos, seed.P(s.ChaosChance, chaosclient.ErrSimulatedConnectionResetByPeer))
		}
	}
}

// SimpleRunKubelet is a simple way to start a Kubelet talking to dockerEndpoint, using an API Client.
// Under the hood it calls RunKubelet (below)
func SimpleKubelet(client *client.Client,
	dockerClient dockertools.DockerInterface,
	hostname, rootDir, manifestURL, address string,
	port uint,
	readOnlyPort uint,
	masterServiceNamespace string,
	volumePlugins []volume.VolumePlugin,
	tlsOptions *kubelet.TLSOptions,
	cadvisorInterface cadvisor.Interface,
	configFilePath string,
	cloud cloudprovider.Interface,
	osInterface kubecontainer.OSInterface,
	fileCheckFrequency, httpCheckFrequency, minimumGCAge, nodeStatusUpdateFrequency, syncFrequency time.Duration) *KubeletConfig {

	imageGCPolicy := kubelet.ImageGCPolicy{
		HighThresholdPercent: 90,
		LowThresholdPercent:  80,
	}
	diskSpacePolicy := kubelet.DiskSpacePolicy{
		DockerFreeDiskMB: 256,
		RootFreeDiskMB:   256,
	}

	kcfg := KubeletConfig{
		Address:                   net.ParseIP(address),
		CAdvisorInterface:         cadvisorInterface,
		CgroupRoot:                "",
		Cloud:                     cloud,
		ConfigFile:                configFilePath,
		ContainerRuntime:          "docker",
		CPUCFSQuota:               false,
		DiskSpacePolicy:           diskSpacePolicy,
		DockerClient:              dockerClient,
		DockerDaemonContainer:     "/docker-daemon",
		DockerExecHandler:         &dockertools.NativeExecHandler{},
		EnableDebuggingHandlers:   true,
		EnableServer:              true,
		FileCheckFrequency:        fileCheckFrequency,
		HostnameOverride:          hostname,
		HTTPCheckFrequency:        httpCheckFrequency,
		ImageGCPolicy:             imageGCPolicy,
		KubeClient:                client,
		ManifestURL:               manifestURL,
		MasterServiceNamespace:    masterServiceNamespace,
		MaxContainerCount:         100,
		MaxOpenFiles:              1024,
		MaxPerPodContainerCount:   2,
		MaxPods:                   32,
		MinimumGCAge:              minimumGCAge,
		Mounter:                   mount.New(),
		NodeStatusUpdateFrequency: nodeStatusUpdateFrequency,
		OSInterface:               osInterface,
		PodInfraContainerImage:    dockertools.PodInfraContainerImage,
		Port:                port,
		ReadOnlyPort:        readOnlyPort,
		RegisterNode:        true,
		ResolverConfig:      kubelet.ResolvConfDefault,
		ResourceContainer:   "/kubelet",
		RootDirectory:       rootDir,
		SerializeImagePulls: true,
		SyncFrequency:       syncFrequency,
		SystemContainer:     "",
		TLSOptions:          tlsOptions,
		Writer:              &io.StdWriter{},
		VolumePlugins:       volumePlugins,
	}
	return &kcfg
}

// RunKubelet is responsible for setting up and running a kubelet.  It is used in three different applications:
//   1 Integration tests
//   2 Kubelet binary
//   3 Standalone 'kubernetes' binary
// Eventually, #2 will be replaced with instances of #3
func RunKubelet(kcfg *KubeletConfig, builder KubeletBuilder) error {
	kcfg.Hostname = nodeutil.GetHostname(kcfg.HostnameOverride)

	if len(kcfg.NodeName) == 0 {
		// Query the cloud provider for our node name, default to Hostname
		nodeName := kcfg.Hostname
		if kcfg.Cloud != nil {
			var err error
			instances, ok := kcfg.Cloud.Instances()
			if !ok {
				return fmt.Errorf("failed to get instances from cloud provider")
			}

			nodeName, err = instances.CurrentNodeName(kcfg.Hostname)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("error fetching current instance name from cloud provider: %v", err)
			}

			glog.V(2).Infof("cloud provider determined current node name to be %s", nodeName)
		}

		kcfg.NodeName = nodeName
	}

	eventBroadcaster := record.NewBroadcaster()
	kcfg.Recorder = eventBroadcaster.NewRecorder(api.EventSource{Component: "kubelet", Host: kcfg.NodeName})
	eventBroadcaster.StartLogging(glog.V(3).Infof)
	if kcfg.KubeClient != nil {
		glog.V(4).Infof("Sending events to api server.")
		if kcfg.EventRecordQPS == 0.0 {
			eventBroadcaster.StartRecordingToSink(kcfg.KubeClient.Events(""))
		} else {
			eventClient := *kcfg.KubeClient
			eventClient.Throttle = util.NewTokenBucketRateLimiter(kcfg.EventRecordQPS, kcfg.EventBurst)
			eventBroadcaster.StartRecordingToSink(eventClient.Events(""))
		}
	} else {
		glog.Warning("No api server defined - no events will be sent to API server.")
	}

	privilegedSources := capabilities.PrivilegedSources{
		HostNetworkSources: kcfg.HostNetworkSources,
		HostPIDSources:     kcfg.HostPIDSources,
		HostIPCSources:     kcfg.HostIPCSources,
	}
	capabilities.Setup(kcfg.AllowPrivileged, privilegedSources, 0)

	credentialprovider.SetPreferredDockercfgPath(kcfg.RootDirectory)

	if builder == nil {
		builder = createAndInitKubelet
	}
	if kcfg.OSInterface == nil {
		kcfg.OSInterface = kubecontainer.RealOS{}
	}
	k, podCfg, err := builder(kcfg)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kubelet: %v", err)
	}

	util.ApplyRLimitForSelf(kcfg.MaxOpenFiles)

	// process pods and exit.
	if kcfg.Runonce {
		if _, err := k.RunOnce(podCfg.Updates()); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("runonce failed: %v", err)
		}
		glog.Infof("Started kubelet as runonce")
	} else {
		startKubelet(k, podCfg, kcfg)
		glog.Infof("Started kubelet")
	}
	return nil
}

func startKubelet(k KubeletBootstrap, podCfg *config.PodConfig, kc *KubeletConfig) {
	// start the kubelet
	go util.Until(func() { k.Run(podCfg.Updates()) }, 0, util.NeverStop)

	// start the kubelet server
	if kc.EnableServer {
		go util.Until(func() {
			k.ListenAndServe(kc.Address, kc.Port, kc.TLSOptions, kc.EnableDebuggingHandlers)
		}, 0, util.NeverStop)
	}
	if kc.ReadOnlyPort > 0 {
		go util.Until(func() {
			k.ListenAndServeReadOnly(kc.Address, kc.ReadOnlyPort)
		}, 0, util.NeverStop)
	}
}

func makePodSourceConfig(kc *KubeletConfig) *config.PodConfig {
	// source of all configuration
	cfg := config.NewPodConfig(config.PodConfigNotificationIncremental, kc.Recorder)

	// define file config source
	if kc.ConfigFile != "" {
		glog.Infof("Adding manifest file: %v", kc.ConfigFile)
		config.NewSourceFile(kc.ConfigFile, kc.NodeName, kc.FileCheckFrequency, cfg.Channel(kubelet.FileSource))
	}

	// define url config source
	if kc.ManifestURL != "" {
		glog.Infof("Adding manifest url %q with HTTP header %v", kc.ManifestURL, kc.ManifestURLHeader)
		config.NewSourceURL(kc.ManifestURL, kc.ManifestURLHeader, kc.NodeName, kc.HTTPCheckFrequency, cfg.Channel(kubelet.HTTPSource))
	}
	if kc.KubeClient != nil {
		glog.Infof("Watching apiserver")
		config.NewSourceApiserver(kc.KubeClient, kc.NodeName, cfg.Channel(kubelet.ApiserverSource))
	}
	return cfg
}

// KubeletConfig is all of the parameters necessary for running a kubelet.
// TODO: This should probably be merged with KubeletServer.  The extra object is a consequence of refactoring.
type KubeletConfig struct {
	Address                        net.IP
	AllowPrivileged                bool
	CAdvisorInterface              cadvisor.Interface
	CgroupRoot                     string
	Cloud                          cloudprovider.Interface
	ClusterDNS                     net.IP
	ClusterDomain                  string
	ConfigFile                     string
	ConfigureCBR0                  bool
	ContainerRuntime               string
	CPUCFSQuota                    bool
	DiskSpacePolicy                kubelet.DiskSpacePolicy
	DockerClient                   dockertools.DockerInterface
	DockerDaemonContainer          string
	DockerExecHandler              dockertools.ExecHandler
	EnableDebuggingHandlers        bool
	EnableServer                   bool
	EventBurst                     int
	EventRecordQPS                 float32
	FileCheckFrequency             time.Duration
	Hostname                       string
	HostnameOverride               string
	HostNetworkSources             []string
	HostPIDSources                 []string
	HostIPCSources                 []string
	HTTPCheckFrequency             time.Duration
	ImageGCPolicy                  kubelet.ImageGCPolicy
	KubeClient                     *client.Client
	ManifestURL                    string
	ManifestURLHeader              http.Header
	MasterServiceNamespace         string
	MaxContainerCount              int
	MaxOpenFiles                   uint64
	MaxPerPodContainerCount        int
	MaxPods                        int
	MinimumGCAge                   time.Duration
	Mounter                        mount.Interface
	NetworkPluginName              string
	NetworkPlugins                 []network.NetworkPlugin
	NodeName                       string
	NodeStatusUpdateFrequency      time.Duration
	OSInterface                    kubecontainer.OSInterface
	PodCIDR                        string
	PodInfraContainerImage         string
	Port                           uint
	ReadOnlyPort                   uint
	Recorder                       record.EventRecorder
	RegisterNode                   bool
	RegistryBurst                  int
	RegistryPullQPS                float64
	ResolverConfig                 string
	ResourceContainer              string
	RktPath                        string
	RktStage1Image                 string
	RootDirectory                  string
	Runonce                        bool
	SerializeImagePulls            bool
	StandaloneMode                 bool
	StreamingConnectionIdleTimeout time.Duration
	SyncFrequency                  time.Duration
	SystemContainer                string
	TLSOptions                     *kubelet.TLSOptions
	Writer                         io.Writer
	VolumePlugins                  []volume.VolumePlugin
}

func createAndInitKubelet(kc *KubeletConfig) (k KubeletBootstrap, pc *config.PodConfig, err error) {
	// TODO: block until all sources have delivered at least one update to the channel, or break the sync loop
	// up into "per source" synchronizations
	// TODO: KubeletConfig.KubeClient should be a client interface, but client interface misses certain methods
	// used by kubelet. Since NewMainKubelet expects a client interface, we need to make sure we are not passing
	// a nil pointer to it when what we really want is a nil interface.
	var kubeClient client.Interface
	if kc.KubeClient != nil {
		kubeClient = kc.KubeClient
	}

	gcPolicy := kubelet.ContainerGCPolicy{
		MinAge:             kc.MinimumGCAge,
		MaxPerPodContainer: kc.MaxPerPodContainerCount,
		MaxContainers:      kc.MaxContainerCount,
	}

	daemonEndpoints := &api.NodeDaemonEndpoints{
		KubeletEndpoint: api.DaemonEndpoint{Port: int(kc.Port)},
	}

	pc = makePodSourceConfig(kc)
	k, err = kubelet.NewMainKubelet(
		kc.Hostname,
		kc.NodeName,
		kc.DockerClient,
		kubeClient,
		kc.RootDirectory,
		kc.PodInfraContainerImage,
		kc.SyncFrequency,
		float32(kc.RegistryPullQPS),
		kc.RegistryBurst,
		kc.EventRecordQPS,
		kc.EventBurst,
		gcPolicy,
		pc.SeenAllSources,
		kc.RegisterNode,
		kc.StandaloneMode,
		kc.ClusterDomain,
		kc.ClusterDNS,
		kc.MasterServiceNamespace,
		kc.VolumePlugins,
		kc.NetworkPlugins,
		kc.NetworkPluginName,
		kc.StreamingConnectionIdleTimeout,
		kc.Recorder,
		kc.CAdvisorInterface,
		kc.ImageGCPolicy,
		kc.DiskSpacePolicy,
		kc.Cloud,
		kc.NodeStatusUpdateFrequency,
		kc.ResourceContainer,
		kc.OSInterface,
		kc.CgroupRoot,
		kc.ContainerRuntime,
		kc.RktPath,
		kc.RktStage1Image,
		kc.Mounter,
		kc.Writer,
		kc.DockerDaemonContainer,
		kc.SystemContainer,
		kc.ConfigureCBR0,
		kc.PodCIDR,
		kc.MaxPods,
		kc.DockerExecHandler,
		kc.ResolverConfig,
		kc.CPUCFSQuota,
		daemonEndpoints,
		kc.SerializeImagePulls,
	)

	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	k.BirthCry()

	k.StartGarbageCollection()

	return k, pc, nil
}