router.go

// Copyright 2014 beego Author. All Rights Reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package web

import (
	"bytes"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"path"
	"reflect"
	"runtime"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"github.com/beego/beego/v2/core/logs"
	"github.com/beego/beego/v2/core/utils"
	beecontext "github.com/beego/beego/v2/server/web/context"
	"github.com/beego/beego/v2/server/web/context/param"
)

// default filter execution points
const (
	BeforeStatic = iota
	BeforeRouter
	BeforeExec
	AfterExec
	FinishRouter
)

const (
	routerTypeBeego = iota
	routerTypeRESTFul
	routerTypeHandler
)

var (
	// HTTPMETHOD list the supported http methods.
	HTTPMETHOD = map[string]bool{
		"GET":       true,
		"POST":      true,
		"PUT":       true,
		"DELETE":    true,
		"PATCH":     true,
		"OPTIONS":   true,
		"HEAD":      true,
		"TRACE":     true,
		"CONNECT":   true,
		"MKCOL":     true,
		"COPY":      true,
		"MOVE":      true,
		"PROPFIND":  true,
		"PROPPATCH": true,
		"LOCK":      true,
		"UNLOCK":    true,
	}
	// these web.Controller's methods shouldn't reflect to AutoRouter
	// see registerControllerExceptMethods
	exceptMethod = initExceptMethod()

	urlPlaceholder = "{{placeholder}}"
	// DefaultAccessLogFilter will skip the accesslog if return true
	DefaultAccessLogFilter FilterHandler = &logFilter{}
)

// FilterHandler is an interface for
type FilterHandler interface {
	Filter(*beecontext.Context) bool
}

// default log filter static file will not show
type logFilter struct{}

func (l *logFilter) Filter(ctx *beecontext.Context) bool {
	requestPath := path.Clean(ctx.Request.URL.Path)
	if requestPath == "/favicon.ico" || requestPath == "/robots.txt" {
		return true
	}
	for prefix := range BConfig.WebConfig.StaticDir {
		if strings.HasPrefix(requestPath, prefix) {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

// ExceptMethodAppend to append a slice's value into "exceptMethod", for controller's methods shouldn't reflect to AutoRouter
func ExceptMethodAppend(action string) {
	exceptMethod = append(exceptMethod, action)
}

func initExceptMethod() []string {
	res := make([]string, 0, 32)
	c := &Controller{}
	t := reflect.TypeOf(c)
	for i := 0; i < t.NumMethod(); i++ {
		m := t.Method(i)
		res = append(res, m.Name)
	}
	return res
}

// ControllerInfo holds information about the controller.
type ControllerInfo struct {
	pattern        string
	controllerType reflect.Type
	methods        map[string]string
	handler        http.Handler
	runFunction    HandleFunc
	routerType     int
	initialize     func() ControllerInterface
	methodParams   []*param.MethodParam
	sessionOn      bool
}

type ControllerOption func(*ControllerInfo)

func (c *ControllerInfo) GetPattern() string {
	return c.pattern
}

func (c *ControllerInfo) GetMethod() map[string]string {
	return c.methods
}

func WithRouterMethods(ctrlInterface ControllerInterface, mappingMethod ...string) ControllerOption {
	return func(c *ControllerInfo) {
		c.methods = parseMappingMethods(ctrlInterface, mappingMethod)
	}
}

func WithRouterSessionOn(sessionOn bool) ControllerOption {
	return func(c *ControllerInfo) {
		c.sessionOn = sessionOn
	}
}

type filterChainConfig struct {
	pattern string
	chain   FilterChain
	opts    []FilterOpt
}

// ControllerRegister containers registered router rules, controller handlers and filters.
type ControllerRegister struct {
	routers      map[string]*Tree
	enablePolicy bool
	enableFilter bool
	policies     map[string]*Tree
	filters      [FinishRouter + 1][]*FilterRouter
	pool         sync.Pool

	// the filter created by FilterChain
	chainRoot *FilterRouter

	// keep registered chain and build it when serve http
	filterChains []filterChainConfig

	cfg *Config
}

// NewControllerRegister returns a new ControllerRegister.
// Usually you should not use this method
// please use NewControllerRegisterWithCfg
func NewControllerRegister() *ControllerRegister {
	return NewControllerRegisterWithCfg(BeeApp.Cfg)
}

func NewControllerRegisterWithCfg(cfg *Config) *ControllerRegister {
	res := &ControllerRegister{
		routers:  make(map[string]*Tree),
		policies: make(map[string]*Tree),
		pool: sync.Pool{
			New: func() interface{} {
				return beecontext.NewContext()
			},
		},
		cfg:          cfg,
		filterChains: make([]filterChainConfig, 0, 4),
	}
	res.chainRoot = newFilterRouter("/*", res.serveHttp, WithCaseSensitive(false))
	return res
}

// Init will be executed when HttpServer start running
func (p *ControllerRegister) Init() {
	for i := len(p.filterChains) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
		fc := p.filterChains[i]
		root := p.chainRoot
		filterFunc := fc.chain(func(ctx *beecontext.Context) {
			var preFilterParams map[string]string
			root.filter(ctx, p.getUrlPath(ctx), preFilterParams)
		})
		p.chainRoot = newFilterRouter(fc.pattern, filterFunc, fc.opts...)
		p.chainRoot.next = root
	}
}

// Add controller handler and pattern rules to ControllerRegister.
// usage:
//
//	default methods is the same name as method
//	Add("/user",&UserController{})
//	Add("/api/list",&RestController{},"*:ListFood")
//	Add("/api/create",&RestController{},"post:CreateFood")
//	Add("/api/update",&RestController{},"put:UpdateFood")
//	Add("/api/delete",&RestController{},"delete:DeleteFood")
//	Add("/api",&RestController{},"get,post:ApiFunc"
//	Add("/simple",&SimpleController{},"get:GetFunc;post:PostFunc")
func (p *ControllerRegister) Add(pattern string, c ControllerInterface, opts ...ControllerOption) {
	p.addWithMethodParams(pattern, c, nil, opts...)
}

func parseMappingMethods(c ControllerInterface, mappingMethods []string) map[string]string {
	reflectVal := reflect.ValueOf(c)
	t := reflect.Indirect(reflectVal).Type()
	methods := make(map[string]string)

	if len(mappingMethods) == 0 {
		return methods
	}

	semi := strings.Split(mappingMethods[0], ";")
	for _, v := range semi {
		colon := strings.Split(v, ":")
		if len(colon) != 2 {
			panic("method mapping format is invalid")
		}
		comma := strings.Split(colon[0], ",")
		for _, m := range comma {
			if m != "*" && !HTTPMETHOD[strings.ToUpper(m)] {
				panic(v + " is an invalid method mapping. Method doesn't exist " + m)
			}
			if val := reflectVal.MethodByName(colon[1]); val.IsValid() {
				methods[strings.ToUpper(m)] = colon[1]
				continue
			}
			panic("'" + colon[1] + "' method doesn't exist in the controller " + t.Name())
		}
	}

	return methods
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) addRouterForMethod(route *ControllerInfo) {
	if len(route.methods) == 0 {
		for m := range HTTPMETHOD {
			p.addToRouter(m, route.pattern, route)
		}
		return
	}
	for k := range route.methods {
		if k != "*" {
			p.addToRouter(k, route.pattern, route)
			continue
		}
		for m := range HTTPMETHOD {
			p.addToRouter(m, route.pattern, route)
		}
	}
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) addWithMethodParams(pattern string, c ControllerInterface, methodParams []*param.MethodParam, opts ...ControllerOption) {
	reflectVal := reflect.ValueOf(c)
	t := reflect.Indirect(reflectVal).Type()

	route := p.createBeegoRouter(t, pattern)
	route.initialize = func() ControllerInterface {
		vc := reflect.New(route.controllerType)
		execController, ok := vc.Interface().(ControllerInterface)
		if !ok {
			panic("controller is not ControllerInterface")
		}

		elemVal := reflect.ValueOf(c).Elem()
		elemType := reflect.TypeOf(c).Elem()
		execElem := reflect.ValueOf(execController).Elem()

		numOfFields := elemVal.NumField()
		for i := 0; i < numOfFields; i++ {
			fieldType := elemType.Field(i)
			elemField := execElem.FieldByName(fieldType.Name)
			if elemField.CanSet() {
				fieldVal := elemVal.Field(i)
				elemField.Set(fieldVal)
			}
		}

		return execController
	}
	route.methodParams = methodParams
	for i := range opts {
		opts[i](route)
	}

	globalSessionOn := p.cfg.WebConfig.Session.SessionOn
	if !globalSessionOn && route.sessionOn {
		logs.Warn("global sessionOn is false, sessionOn of router [%s] can't be set to true", route.pattern)
		route.sessionOn = globalSessionOn
	}

	p.addRouterForMethod(route)
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) addToRouter(method, pattern string, r *ControllerInfo) {
	if !p.cfg.RouterCaseSensitive {
		pattern = strings.ToLower(pattern)
	}
	if t, ok := p.routers[method]; ok {
		t.AddRouter(pattern, r)
	} else {
		t := NewTree()
		t.AddRouter(pattern, r)
		p.routers[method] = t
	}
}

// Include only when the Runmode is dev will generate router file in the router/auto.go from the controller
// Include(&BankAccount{}, &OrderController{},&RefundController{},&ReceiptController{})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Include(cList ...ControllerInterface) {
	for _, c := range cList {
		reflectVal := reflect.ValueOf(c)
		t := reflect.Indirect(reflectVal).Type()
		key := t.PkgPath() + ":" + t.Name()
		if comm, ok := GlobalControllerRouter[key]; ok {
			for _, a := range comm {
				for _, f := range a.Filters {
					p.InsertFilter(f.Pattern, f.Pos, f.Filter, WithReturnOnOutput(f.ReturnOnOutput), WithResetParams(f.ResetParams))
				}
				p.addWithMethodParams(a.Router, c, a.MethodParams, WithRouterMethods(c, strings.Join(a.AllowHTTPMethods, ",")+":"+a.Method))
			}
		}
	}
}

// GetContext returns a context from pool, so usually you should remember to call Reset function to clean the context
// And don't forget to give back context to pool
// example:
//
//	ctx := p.GetContext()
//	ctx.Reset(w, q)
//	defer p.GiveBackContext(ctx)
func (p *ControllerRegister) GetContext() *beecontext.Context {
	return p.pool.Get().(*beecontext.Context)
}

// GiveBackContext put the ctx into pool so that it could be reuse
func (p *ControllerRegister) GiveBackContext(ctx *beecontext.Context) {
	p.pool.Put(ctx)
}

// CtrlGet add get method
// usage:
//
//	   type MyController struct {
//		     web.Controller
//	   }
//	   func (m MyController) Ping() {
//		     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//	   }
//
//	   CtrlGet("/api/:id", MyController.Ping)
//
// If the receiver of function Ping is pointer, you should use CtrlGet("/api/:id", (*MyController).Ping)
func (p *ControllerRegister) CtrlGet(pattern string, f interface{}) {
	p.AddRouterMethod(http.MethodGet, pattern, f)
}

// CtrlPost add post method
// usage:
//
//	   type MyController struct {
//		     web.Controller
//	   }
//	   func (m MyController) Ping() {
//		     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//	   }
//
//	   CtrlPost("/api/:id", MyController.Ping)
//
// If the receiver of function Ping is pointer, you should use CtrlPost("/api/:id", (*MyController).Ping)
func (p *ControllerRegister) CtrlPost(pattern string, f interface{}) {
	p.AddRouterMethod(http.MethodPost, pattern, f)
}

// CtrlHead add head method
// usage:
//
//	   type MyController struct {
//		     web.Controller
//	   }
//	   func (m MyController) Ping() {
//		     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//	   }
//
//	   CtrlHead("/api/:id", MyController.Ping)
//
// If the receiver of function Ping is pointer, you should use CtrlHead("/api/:id", (*MyController).Ping)
func (p *ControllerRegister) CtrlHead(pattern string, f interface{}) {
	p.AddRouterMethod(http.MethodHead, pattern, f)
}

// CtrlPut add put method
// usage:
//    type MyController struct {
//	     web.Controller
//    }
//    func (m MyController) Ping() {
//	     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//    }
//
//    CtrlPut("/api/:id", MyController.Ping)

func (p *ControllerRegister) CtrlPut(pattern string, f interface{}) {
	p.AddRouterMethod(http.MethodPut, pattern, f)
}

// CtrlPatch add patch method
// usage:
//
//	   type MyController struct {
//		     web.Controller
//	   }
//	   func (m MyController) Ping() {
//		     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//	   }
//
//	   CtrlPatch("/api/:id", MyController.Ping)
func (p *ControllerRegister) CtrlPatch(pattern string, f interface{}) {
	p.AddRouterMethod(http.MethodPatch, pattern, f)
}

// CtrlDelete add delete method
// usage:
//
//	   type MyController struct {
//		     web.Controller
//	   }
//	   func (m MyController) Ping() {
//		     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//	   }
//
//	   CtrlDelete("/api/:id", MyController.Ping)
func (p *ControllerRegister) CtrlDelete(pattern string, f interface{}) {
	p.AddRouterMethod(http.MethodDelete, pattern, f)
}

// CtrlOptions add options method
// usage:
//
//	   type MyController struct {
//		     web.Controller
//	   }
//	   func (m MyController) Ping() {
//		     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//	   }
//
//	   CtrlOptions("/api/:id", MyController.Ping)
func (p *ControllerRegister) CtrlOptions(pattern string, f interface{}) {
	p.AddRouterMethod(http.MethodOptions, pattern, f)
}

// CtrlAny add all method
// usage:
//
//	   type MyController struct {
//		     web.Controller
//	   }
//	   func (m MyController) Ping() {
//		     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//	   }
//
//	   CtrlAny("/api/:id", MyController.Ping)
func (p *ControllerRegister) CtrlAny(pattern string, f interface{}) {
	p.AddRouterMethod("*", pattern, f)
}

// AddRouterMethod add http method router
// usage:
//
//	   type MyController struct {
//		     web.Controller
//	   }
//	   func (m MyController) Ping() {
//		     m.Ctx.Output.Body([]byte("hello world"))
//	   }
//
//	   AddRouterMethod("get","/api/:id", MyController.Ping)
func (p *ControllerRegister) AddRouterMethod(httpMethod, pattern string, f interface{}) {
	httpMethod = p.getUpperMethodString(httpMethod)
	ct, methodName := getReflectTypeAndMethod(f)

	p.addBeegoTypeRouter(ct, methodName, httpMethod, pattern)
}

// addBeegoTypeRouter add beego type router
func (p *ControllerRegister) addBeegoTypeRouter(ct reflect.Type, ctMethod, httpMethod, pattern string) {
	route := p.createBeegoRouter(ct, pattern)
	methods := p.getHttpMethodMapMethod(httpMethod, ctMethod)
	route.methods = methods

	p.addRouterForMethod(route)
}

// createBeegoRouter create beego router base on reflect type and pattern
func (p *ControllerRegister) createBeegoRouter(ct reflect.Type, pattern string) *ControllerInfo {
	route := &ControllerInfo{}
	route.pattern = pattern
	route.routerType = routerTypeBeego
	route.sessionOn = p.cfg.WebConfig.Session.SessionOn
	route.controllerType = ct
	return route
}

// createRestfulRouter create restful router with filter function and pattern
func (p *ControllerRegister) createRestfulRouter(f HandleFunc, pattern string) *ControllerInfo {
	route := &ControllerInfo{}
	route.pattern = pattern
	route.routerType = routerTypeRESTFul
	route.sessionOn = p.cfg.WebConfig.Session.SessionOn
	route.runFunction = f
	return route
}

// createHandlerRouter create handler router with handler and pattern
func (p *ControllerRegister) createHandlerRouter(h http.Handler, pattern string) *ControllerInfo {
	route := &ControllerInfo{}
	route.pattern = pattern
	route.routerType = routerTypeHandler
	route.sessionOn = p.cfg.WebConfig.Session.SessionOn
	route.handler = h
	return route
}

// getHttpMethodMapMethod based on http method and controller method, if ctMethod is empty, then it will
// use http method as the controller method
func (p *ControllerRegister) getHttpMethodMapMethod(httpMethod, ctMethod string) map[string]string {
	methods := make(map[string]string)
	// not match-all sign, only add for the http method
	if httpMethod != "*" {

		if ctMethod == "" {
			ctMethod = httpMethod
		}
		methods[httpMethod] = ctMethod
		return methods
	}

	// add all http method
	for val := range HTTPMETHOD {
		if ctMethod == "" {
			methods[val] = val
		} else {
			methods[val] = ctMethod
		}
	}
	return methods
}

// getUpperMethodString get upper string of method, and panic if the method
// is not valid
func (p *ControllerRegister) getUpperMethodString(method string) string {
	method = strings.ToUpper(method)
	if method != "*" && !HTTPMETHOD[method] {
		panic("not support http method: " + method)
	}
	return method
}

// get reflect controller type and method by controller method expression
func getReflectTypeAndMethod(f interface{}) (controllerType reflect.Type, method string) {
	// check f is a function
	funcType := reflect.TypeOf(f)
	if funcType.Kind() != reflect.Func {
		panic("not a method")
	}

	// get function name
	funcObj := runtime.FuncForPC(reflect.ValueOf(f).Pointer())
	if funcObj == nil {
		panic("cannot find the method")
	}
	funcNameSli := strings.Split(funcObj.Name(), ".")
	lFuncSli := len(funcNameSli)
	if lFuncSli == 0 {
		panic("invalid method full name: " + funcObj.Name())
	}

	method = funcNameSli[lFuncSli-1]
	if len(method) == 0 {
		panic("method name is empty")
	} else if method[0] > 96 || method[0] < 65 {
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("%s is not a public method", method))
	}

	// check only one param which is the method receiver
	if numIn := funcType.NumIn(); numIn != 1 {
		panic("invalid number of param in")
	}

	controllerType = funcType.In(0)

	// check controller has the method
	_, exists := controllerType.MethodByName(method)
	if !exists {
		panic(controllerType.String() + " has no method " + method)
	}

	// check the receiver implement ControllerInterface
	if controllerType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
		controllerType = controllerType.Elem()
	}
	controller := reflect.New(controllerType)
	_, ok := controller.Interface().(ControllerInterface)
	if !ok {
		panic(controllerType.String() + " is not implemented ControllerInterface")
	}

	return
}

// HandleFunc define how to process the request
type HandleFunc func(ctx *beecontext.Context)

// Get add get method
// usage:
//
//	Get("/", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Get(pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	p.AddMethod("get", pattern, f)
}

// Post add post method
// usage:
//
//	Post("/api", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Post(pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	p.AddMethod("post", pattern, f)
}

// Put add put method
// usage:
//
//	Put("/api/:id", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Put(pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	p.AddMethod("put", pattern, f)
}

// Delete add delete method
// usage:
//
//	Delete("/api/:id", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Delete(pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	p.AddMethod("delete", pattern, f)
}

// Head add head method
// usage:
//
//	Head("/api/:id", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Head(pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	p.AddMethod("head", pattern, f)
}

// Patch add patch method
// usage:
//
//	Patch("/api/:id", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Patch(pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	p.AddMethod("patch", pattern, f)
}

// Options add options method
// usage:
//
//	Options("/api/:id", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Options(pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	p.AddMethod("options", pattern, f)
}

// Any add all method
// usage:
//
//	Any("/api/:id", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) Any(pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	p.AddMethod("*", pattern, f)
}

// AddMethod add http method router
// usage:
//
//	AddMethod("get","/api/:id", func(ctx *context.Context){
//	      ctx.Output.Body("hello world")
//	})
func (p *ControllerRegister) AddMethod(method, pattern string, f HandleFunc) {
	method = p.getUpperMethodString(method)

	route := p.createRestfulRouter(f, pattern)
	methods := p.getHttpMethodMapMethod(method, "")
	route.methods = methods

	p.addRouterForMethod(route)
}

// Handler add user defined Handler
func (p *ControllerRegister) Handler(pattern string, h http.Handler, options ...interface{}) {
	route := p.createHandlerRouter(h, pattern)
	if len(options) > 0 {
		if _, ok := options[0].(bool); ok {
			pattern = path.Join(pattern, "?:all(.*)")
		}
	}
	for m := range HTTPMETHOD {
		p.addToRouter(m, pattern, route)
	}
}

// AddAuto router to ControllerRegister.
// example beego.AddAuto(&MainController{}),
// MainController has method List and Page.
// visit the url /main/list to execute List function
// /main/page to execute Page function.
func (p *ControllerRegister) AddAuto(c ControllerInterface) {
	p.AddAutoPrefix("/", c)
}

// AddAutoPrefix Add auto router to ControllerRegister with prefix.
// example beego.AddAutoPrefix("/admin",&MainController{}),
// MainController has method List and Page.
// visit the url /admin/main/list to execute List function
// /admin/main/page to execute Page function.
func (p *ControllerRegister) AddAutoPrefix(prefix string, c ControllerInterface) {
	reflectVal := reflect.ValueOf(c)
	rt := reflectVal.Type()
	ct := reflect.Indirect(reflectVal).Type()
	controllerName := strings.TrimSuffix(ct.Name(), "Controller")
	for i := 0; i < rt.NumMethod(); i++ {
		methodName := rt.Method(i).Name
		if !utils.InSlice(methodName, exceptMethod) {
			p.addAutoPrefixMethod(prefix, controllerName, methodName, ct)
		}
	}
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) addAutoPrefixMethod(prefix, controllerName, methodName string, ctrl reflect.Type) {
	pattern := path.Join(prefix, strings.ToLower(controllerName), strings.ToLower(methodName), "*")
	patternInit := path.Join(prefix, controllerName, methodName, "*")
	patternFix := path.Join(prefix, strings.ToLower(controllerName), strings.ToLower(methodName))
	patternFixInit := path.Join(prefix, controllerName, methodName)

	route := p.createBeegoRouter(ctrl, pattern)
	route.methods = map[string]string{"*": methodName}
	for m := range HTTPMETHOD {

		p.addToRouter(m, pattern, route)

		// only case sensitive, we add three more routes
		if p.cfg.RouterCaseSensitive {
			p.addToRouter(m, patternInit, route)
			p.addToRouter(m, patternFix, route)
			p.addToRouter(m, patternFixInit, route)
		}
	}
}

// InsertFilter Add a FilterFunc with pattern rule and action constant.
// params is for:
//  1. setting the returnOnOutput value (false allows multiple filters to execute)
//  2. determining whether or not params need to be reset.
func (p *ControllerRegister) InsertFilter(pattern string, pos int, filter FilterFunc, opts ...FilterOpt) error {
	opts = append(opts, WithCaseSensitive(p.cfg.RouterCaseSensitive))
	mr := newFilterRouter(pattern, filter, opts...)
	return p.insertFilterRouter(pos, mr)
}

// InsertFilterChain is similar to InsertFilter,
// but it will using chainRoot.filterFunc as input to build a new filterFunc
// for example, assume that chainRoot is funcA
// and we add new FilterChain
//
//	fc := func(next) {
//	    return func(ctx) {
//	          // do something
//	          next(ctx)
//	          // do something
//	    }
//	}
func (p *ControllerRegister) InsertFilterChain(pattern string, chain FilterChain, opts ...FilterOpt) {
	opts = append([]FilterOpt{WithCaseSensitive(p.cfg.RouterCaseSensitive)}, opts...)
	p.filterChains = append(p.filterChains, filterChainConfig{
		pattern: pattern,
		chain:   chain,
		opts:    opts,
	})
}

// add Filter into
func (p *ControllerRegister) insertFilterRouter(pos int, mr *FilterRouter) (err error) {
	if pos < BeforeStatic || pos > FinishRouter {
		return errors.New("can not find your filter position")
	}
	p.enableFilter = true
	p.filters[pos] = append(p.filters[pos], mr)
	return nil
}

// URLFor does another controller handler in this request function.
// it can access any controller method.
func (p *ControllerRegister) URLFor(endpoint string, values ...interface{}) string {
	paths := strings.Split(endpoint, ".")
	if len(paths) <= 1 {
		logs.Warn("urlfor endpoint must like path.controller.method")
		return ""
	}
	if len(values)%2 != 0 {
		logs.Warn("urlfor params must key-value pair")
		return ""
	}
	params := make(map[string]string)
	if len(values) > 0 {
		key := ""
		for k, v := range values {
			if k%2 == 0 {
				key = fmt.Sprint(v)
			} else {
				params[key] = fmt.Sprint(v)
			}
		}
	}
	controllerName := strings.Join(paths[:len(paths)-1], "/")
	methodName := paths[len(paths)-1]
	for m, t := range p.routers {
		ok, url := p.getURL(t, "/", controllerName, methodName, params, m)
		if ok {
			return url
		}
	}
	return ""
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) getURL(t *Tree, url, controllerName, methodName string, params map[string]string, httpMethod string) (bool, string) {
	for _, subtree := range t.fixrouters {
		u := path.Join(url, subtree.prefix)
		ok, u := p.getURL(subtree, u, controllerName, methodName, params, httpMethod)
		if ok {
			return ok, u
		}
	}
	if t.wildcard != nil {
		u := path.Join(url, urlPlaceholder)
		ok, u := p.getURL(t.wildcard, u, controllerName, methodName, params, httpMethod)
		if ok {
			return ok, u
		}
	}
	for _, l := range t.leaves {
		if c, ok := l.runObject.(*ControllerInfo); ok {
			if c.routerType == routerTypeBeego &&
				strings.HasSuffix(path.Join(c.controllerType.PkgPath(), c.controllerType.Name()), `/`+controllerName) {
				find := false
				if HTTPMETHOD[strings.ToUpper(methodName)] {
					if len(c.methods) == 0 {
						find = true
					} else if m, ok := c.methods[strings.ToUpper(methodName)]; ok && m == strings.ToUpper(methodName) {
						find = true
					} else if m, ok = c.methods["*"]; ok && m == methodName {
						find = true
					}
				}
				if !find {
					for m, md := range c.methods {
						if (m == "*" || m == httpMethod) && md == methodName {
							find = true
						}
					}
				}
				if find {
					if l.regexps == nil {
						if len(l.wildcards) == 0 {
							return true, strings.Replace(url, "/"+urlPlaceholder, "", 1) + toURL(params)
						}
						if len(l.wildcards) == 1 {
							if v, ok := params[l.wildcards[0]]; ok {
								delete(params, l.wildcards[0])
								return true, strings.Replace(url, urlPlaceholder, v, 1) + toURL(params)
							}
							return false, ""
						}
						if len(l.wildcards) == 3 && l.wildcards[0] == "." {
							if p, ok := params[":path"]; ok {
								if e, isok := params[":ext"]; isok {
									delete(params, ":path")
									delete(params, ":ext")
									return true, strings.Replace(url, urlPlaceholder, p+"."+e, -1) + toURL(params)
								}
							}
						}
						canSkip := false
						for _, v := range l.wildcards {
							if v == ":" {
								canSkip = true
								continue
							}
							if u, ok := params[v]; ok {
								delete(params, v)
								url = strings.Replace(url, urlPlaceholder, u, 1)
							} else {
								if canSkip {
									canSkip = false
									continue
								}
								return false, ""
							}
						}
						return true, url + toURL(params)
					}
					var i int
					var startReg bool
					regURL := ""
					for _, v := range strings.Trim(l.regexps.String(), "^$") {
						if v == '(' {
							startReg = true
							continue
						} else if v == ')' {
							startReg = false
							if v, ok := params[l.wildcards[i]]; ok {
								delete(params, l.wildcards[i])
								regURL = regURL + v
								i++
							} else {
								break
							}
						} else if !startReg {
							regURL = string(append([]rune(regURL), v))
						}
					}
					if l.regexps.MatchString(regURL) {
						ps := strings.Split(regURL, "/")
						for _, p := range ps {
							url = strings.Replace(url, urlPlaceholder, p, 1)
						}
						return true, url + toURL(params)
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	return false, ""
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) execFilter(context *beecontext.Context, urlPath string, pos int) (started bool) {
	var preFilterParams map[string]string
	for _, filterR := range p.filters[pos] {
		b, done := filterR.filter(context, urlPath, preFilterParams)
		if done {
			return b
		}
	}
	return false
}

// Implement http.Handler interface.
func (p *ControllerRegister) ServeHTTP(rw http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	ctx := p.GetContext()

	ctx.Reset(rw, r)
	defer p.GiveBackContext(ctx)

	var preFilterParams map[string]string
	p.chainRoot.filter(ctx, p.getUrlPath(ctx), preFilterParams)
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) serveHttp(ctx *beecontext.Context) {
	var err error
	startTime := time.Now()
	r := ctx.Request
	rw := ctx.ResponseWriter.ResponseWriter
	var (
		runRouter        reflect.Type
		findRouter       bool
		runMethod        string
		methodParams     []*param.MethodParam
		routerInfo       *ControllerInfo
		isRunnable       bool
		currentSessionOn bool
		originRouterInfo *ControllerInfo
		originFindRouter bool
	)

	if p.cfg.RecoverFunc != nil {
		defer p.cfg.RecoverFunc(ctx, p.cfg)
	}

	ctx.Output.EnableGzip = p.cfg.EnableGzip

	if p.cfg.RunMode == DEV {
		ctx.Output.Header("Server", p.cfg.ServerName)
	}

	urlPath := p.getUrlPath(ctx)

	// filter wrong http method
	if !HTTPMETHOD[r.Method] {
		exception("405", ctx)
		goto Admin
	}

	// filter for static file
	if len(p.filters[BeforeStatic]) > 0 && p.execFilter(ctx, urlPath, BeforeStatic) {
		goto Admin
	}

	serverStaticRouter(ctx)

	if ctx.ResponseWriter.Started {
		findRouter = true
		goto Admin
	}

	if r.Method != http.MethodGet && r.Method != http.MethodHead {
		body := ctx.Input.Context.Request.Body
		if body == nil {
			body = io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader([]byte{}))
		}

		if ctx.Input.IsUpload() {
			ctx.Input.Context.Request.Body = http.MaxBytesReader(ctx.Input.Context.ResponseWriter,
				body,
				p.cfg.MaxUploadSize)
		} else if p.cfg.CopyRequestBody {
			// connection will close if the incoming data are larger (RFC 7231, 6.5.11)
			if r.ContentLength > p.cfg.MaxMemory {
				logs.Error(errors.New("payload too large"))
				exception("413", ctx)
				goto Admin
			}
			ctx.Input.CopyBody(p.cfg.MaxMemory)
		} else {
			ctx.Input.Context.Request.Body = http.MaxBytesReader(ctx.Input.Context.ResponseWriter,
				body,
				p.cfg.MaxMemory)
		}

		err = ctx.Input.ParseFormOrMultiForm(p.cfg.MaxMemory)
		if err != nil {
			logs.Error(err)
			if strings.Contains(err.Error(), `http: request body too large`) {
				exception("413", ctx)
			} else {
				exception("500", ctx)
			}
			goto Admin
		}
	}

	// session init
	currentSessionOn = p.cfg.WebConfig.Session.SessionOn
	originRouterInfo, originFindRouter = p.FindRouter(ctx)
	if originFindRouter {
		currentSessionOn = originRouterInfo.sessionOn
	}
	if currentSessionOn {
		ctx.Input.CruSession, err = GlobalSessions.SessionStart(rw, r)
		if err != nil {
			logs.Error(err)
			exception("503", ctx)
			goto Admin
		}
		defer func() {
			if ctx.Input.CruSession != nil {
				ctx.Input.CruSession.SessionRelease(nil, rw)
			}
		}()
	}
	if len(p.filters[BeforeRouter]) > 0 && p.execFilter(ctx, urlPath, BeforeRouter) {
		goto Admin
	}
	// User can define RunController and RunMethod in filter
	if ctx.Input.RunController != nil && ctx.Input.RunMethod != "" {
		findRouter = true
		runMethod = ctx.Input.RunMethod
		runRouter = ctx.Input.RunController
	} else {
		routerInfo, findRouter = p.FindRouter(ctx)
	}

	// if no matches to url, throw a not found exception
	if !findRouter {
		exception("404", ctx)
		goto Admin
	}
	if splat := ctx.Input.Param(":splat"); splat != "" {
		for k, v := range strings.Split(splat, "/") {
			ctx.Input.SetParam(strconv.Itoa(k), v)
		}
	}

	if routerInfo != nil {
		// store router pattern into context
		ctx.Input.SetData("RouterPattern", routerInfo.pattern)
	}

	// execute middleware filters
	if len(p.filters[BeforeExec]) > 0 && p.execFilter(ctx, urlPath, BeforeExec) {
		goto Admin
	}

	// check policies
	if p.execPolicy(ctx, urlPath) {
		goto Admin
	}

	if routerInfo != nil {
		if routerInfo.routerType == routerTypeRESTFul {
			if _, ok := routerInfo.methods[r.Method]; ok {
				isRunnable = true
				routerInfo.runFunction(ctx)
			} else {
				exception("405", ctx)
				goto Admin
			}
		} else if routerInfo.routerType == routerTypeHandler {
			isRunnable = true
			routerInfo.handler.ServeHTTP(ctx.ResponseWriter, ctx.Request)
		} else {
			runRouter = routerInfo.controllerType
			methodParams = routerInfo.methodParams
			method := r.Method
			if r.Method == http.MethodPost && ctx.Input.Query("_method") == http.MethodPut {
				method = http.MethodPut
			}
			if r.Method == http.MethodPost && ctx.Input.Query("_method") == http.MethodDelete {
				method = http.MethodDelete
			}
			if m, ok := routerInfo.methods[method]; ok {
				runMethod = m
			} else if m, ok = routerInfo.methods["*"]; ok {
				runMethod = m
			} else {
				runMethod = method
			}
		}
	}

	// also defined runRouter & runMethod from filter
	if !isRunnable {
		// Invoke the request handler
		var execController ControllerInterface
		if routerInfo != nil && routerInfo.initialize != nil {
			execController = routerInfo.initialize()
		} else {
			vc := reflect.New(runRouter)
			var ok bool
			execController, ok = vc.Interface().(ControllerInterface)
			if !ok {
				panic("controller is not ControllerInterface")
			}
		}

		// call the controller init function
		execController.Init(ctx, runRouter.Name(), runMethod, execController)

		// call prepare function
		execController.Prepare()

		// if XSRF is Enable then check cookie where there has any cookie in the  request's cookie _csrf
		if p.cfg.WebConfig.EnableXSRF {
			execController.XSRFToken()
			if r.Method == http.MethodPost || r.Method == http.MethodDelete || r.Method == http.MethodPut ||
				(r.Method == http.MethodPost && (ctx.Input.Query("_method") == http.MethodDelete || ctx.Input.Query("_method") == http.MethodPut)) {
				execController.CheckXSRFCookie()
			}
		}

		execController.URLMapping()

		if !ctx.ResponseWriter.Started {
			// exec main logic
			switch runMethod {
			case http.MethodGet:
				execController.Get()
			case http.MethodPost:
				execController.Post()
			case http.MethodDelete:
				execController.Delete()
			case http.MethodPut:
				execController.Put()
			case http.MethodHead:
				execController.Head()
			case http.MethodPatch:
				execController.Patch()
			case http.MethodOptions:
				execController.Options()
			case http.MethodTrace:
				execController.Trace()
			default:
				if !execController.HandlerFunc(runMethod) {
					vc := reflect.ValueOf(execController)
					method := vc.MethodByName(runMethod)
					in := param.ConvertParams(methodParams, method.Type(), ctx)
					out := method.Call(in)

					// For backward compatibility we only handle response if we had incoming methodParams
					if methodParams != nil {
						p.handleParamResponse(ctx, execController, out)
					}
				}
			}

			// render template
			if !ctx.ResponseWriter.Started && ctx.Output.Status == 0 {
				if p.cfg.WebConfig.AutoRender {
					if err := execController.Render(); err != nil {
						logs.Error(err)
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// finish all runRouter. release resource
		execController.Finish()
	}

	// execute middleware filters
	if len(p.filters[AfterExec]) > 0 && p.execFilter(ctx, urlPath, AfterExec) {
		goto Admin
	}

	if len(p.filters[FinishRouter]) > 0 && p.execFilter(ctx, urlPath, FinishRouter) {
		goto Admin
	}

Admin:
	// admin module record QPS

	statusCode := ctx.ResponseWriter.Status
	if statusCode == 0 {
		statusCode = 200
	}

	LogAccess(ctx, &startTime, statusCode)

	timeDur := time.Since(startTime)
	ctx.ResponseWriter.Elapsed = timeDur
	if p.cfg.Listen.EnableAdmin {
		pattern := ""
		if routerInfo != nil {
			pattern = routerInfo.pattern
		}

		if FilterMonitorFunc(r.Method, r.URL.Path, timeDur, pattern, statusCode) {
			routerName := ""
			if runRouter != nil {
				routerName = runRouter.Name()
			}
			go StatisticsMap.AddStatistics(r.Method, r.URL.Path, routerName, timeDur)
		}
	}

	if p.cfg.RunMode == DEV && !p.cfg.Log.AccessLogs {
		match := map[bool]string{true: "match", false: "nomatch"}
		devInfo := fmt.Sprintf("|%15s|%s %3d %s|%13s|%8s|%s %-7s %s %-3s",
			ctx.Input.IP(),
			logs.ColorByStatus(statusCode), statusCode, logs.ResetColor(),
			timeDur.String(),
			match[findRouter],
			logs.ColorByMethod(r.Method), r.Method, logs.ResetColor(),
			r.URL.Path)
		if routerInfo != nil {
			devInfo += fmt.Sprintf("   r:%s", routerInfo.pattern)
		}

		logs.Debug(devInfo)
	}
	// Call WriteHeader if status code has been set changed
	if ctx.Output.Status != 0 {
		ctx.ResponseWriter.WriteHeader(ctx.Output.Status)
	}
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) getUrlPath(ctx *beecontext.Context) string {
	urlPath := ctx.Request.URL.Path
	if !p.cfg.RouterCaseSensitive {
		urlPath = strings.ToLower(urlPath)
	}
	return urlPath
}

func (p *ControllerRegister) handleParamResponse(context *beecontext.Context, execController ControllerInterface, results []reflect.Value) {
	// looping in reverse order for the case when both error and value are returned and error sets the response status code
	for i := len(results) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
		result := results[i]
		if result.Kind() != reflect.Interface || !result.IsNil() {
			resultValue := result.Interface()
			context.RenderMethodResult(resultValue)
		}
	}
	if !context.ResponseWriter.Started && len(results) > 0 && context.Output.Status == 0 {
		context.Output.SetStatus(200)
	}
}

// FindRouter Find Router info for URL
func (p *ControllerRegister) FindRouter(context *beecontext.Context) (routerInfo *ControllerInfo, isFind bool) {
	urlPath := context.Input.URL()
	if !p.cfg.RouterCaseSensitive {
		urlPath = strings.ToLower(urlPath)
	}
	httpMethod := context.Input.Method()
	if t, ok := p.routers[httpMethod]; ok {
		runObject := t.Match(urlPath, context)
		if r, ok := runObject.(*ControllerInfo); ok {
			return r, true
		}
	}
	return
}

// GetAllControllerInfo get all ControllerInfo
func (p *ControllerRegister) GetAllControllerInfo() (routerInfos []*ControllerInfo) {
	for _, webTree := range p.routers {
		composeControllerInfos(webTree, &routerInfos)
	}
	return
}

func composeControllerInfos(tree *Tree, routerInfos *[]*ControllerInfo) {
	if tree.fixrouters != nil {
		for _, subTree := range tree.fixrouters {
			composeControllerInfos(subTree, routerInfos)
		}
	}
	if tree.wildcard != nil {
		composeControllerInfos(tree.wildcard, routerInfos)
	}
	if tree.leaves != nil {
		for _, l := range tree.leaves {
			if c, ok := l.runObject.(*ControllerInfo); ok {
				*routerInfos = append(*routerInfos, c)
			}
		}
	}
}

func toURL(params map[string]string) string {
	if len(params) == 0 {
		return ""
	}
	u := "?"
	for k, v := range params {
		u += k + "=" + v + "&"
	}
	return strings.TrimRight(u, "&")
}

// LogAccess logging info HTTP Access
func LogAccess(ctx *beecontext.Context, startTime *time.Time, statusCode int) {
	BeeApp.LogAccess(ctx, startTime, statusCode)
}