Babad Tanah Leluhur is a Javanese historical chronicle that traces the origins and history of the Javanese people from the mythical times to the colonial era. It is one of the most important sources of Javanese history and culture, as it contains legends, genealogies, anecdotes, and historical accounts of various kingdoms and dynasties that ruled Java.
The chronicle was compiled by various authors over several centuries, and there are many versions and manuscripts of it. The oldest surviving manuscript dates back to the 18th century, and it is preserved in the National Library of Indonesia. The chronicle is written in Javanese script and language, using a mixture of Old Javanese, Middle Javanese, and Modern Javanese.
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The chronicle covers various topics such as the creation of the world, the origin of the Javanese people, the founding of various kingdoms such as Majapahit, Mataram, Demak, Pajang, Surakarta, Yogyakarta, and others, the wars and conflicts among them, the arrival and influence of Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, and other religions, the cultural and artistic achievements of the Javanese people, and the encounters with foreign powers such as China, India, Portugal, Spain, Netherlands, Britain, Japan, and others.
The chronicle is not a reliable source of historical facts, as it contains many errors, contradictions, exaggerations, and myths. However, it is a valuable source of historical insights, as it reflects the worldview, values, beliefs, and aspirations of the Javanese people throughout their history. It also provides a rich literary heritage that showcases the beauty and diversity of Javanese language and literature.
If you are interested in reading Babad Tanah Leluhur online or downloading it as a PDF file for free[^1^], you can visit this link: https://archive.org/details/BabadTanahLeluhur. You can also find other versions and translations of the chronicle on the same website.
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Some of the most famous stories and characters in Babad Tanah Leluhur are:
- The story of Aji Saka, a legendary king who introduced the Javanese script and calendar to Java. He also defeated a giant snake called Dora who terrorized the island.
- The story of Ken Arok, a bandit who became the founder of the Singhasari kingdom. He killed his master Tunggul Ametung and married his wife Ken Dedes, who was said to be the incarnation of a goddess.
- The story of Gajah Mada, a powerful prime minister of the Majapahit empire. He vowed to unite the whole archipelago under Majapahit's rule, and he achieved his goal by defeating various kingdoms and states in the region.
- The story of Raden Patah, a prince who founded the Demak kingdom. He was the son of Brawijaya, the last king of Majapahit, and a Chinese princess. He converted to Islam and spread the new faith in Java.
- The story of Sultan Agung, a king of Mataram who fought against the Dutch colonialism. He expanded his kingdom to cover most of Java and parts of Sumatra. He also patronized arts and culture, and built many monuments and temples.
Babad Tanah Leluhur is not only a historical chronicle, but also a source of inspiration and pride for the Javanese people. It shows their rich and diverse history, culture, and identity. It also teaches them moral values and lessons from their ancestors. Babad Tanah Leluhur is a living tradition that continues to be read, recited, performed, and adapted by the Javanese people today. 8cf37b1e13