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occlusion.html
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occlusion.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--
The MIT License (MIT)
Copyright (c) 2017 Tarek Sherif
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-->
<!--
Occlusion culling algorithm based on:
https://developer.nvidia.com/gpugems/GPUGems/gpugems_ch29.html
https://developer.nvidia.com/gpugems/GPUGems2/gpugems2_chapter06.html
-->
<html>
<head>
<title>WebGL 2 Example: Occlusion Culling</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="utils/gl-matrix.js"></script>
<script src="utils/utils.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/webgl2examples.css">
<style>
#occlusion-controls {
position: absolute;
bottom: 20px;
right: 20px;
color: white;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="example-title">
<header>WebGL 2 Example: Occlusion Culling</header>
<div id="features">
Features: Vertex Arrays, Uniform Buffers, Immutable Textures, Occlusion Query
</div>
<div>
<a href="https://github.com/tsherif/webgl2examples/blob/master/occlusion.html">Source code</a>
</div>
</div>
<canvas id="gl-canvas"></canvas>
<div id="occlusion-controls">
Spheres: <span id="num-spheres"></span><br>
Culled spheres: <span id="num-invisible-spheres"></span><br>
Enable occlusion culling: <input id="occlusion-toggle" type="checkbox" checked><br>
Top-down HUD: <input id="hud-toggle" type="checkbox" checked>
</div>
<script type="x-shader/vs" id="vertex-draw">
#version 300 es
layout(std140, column_major) uniform;
layout(location=0) in vec4 position;
layout(location=1) in vec2 uv;
layout(location=2) in vec3 normal;
uniform SceneUniforms {
mat4 viewProj;
vec4 eyePosition;
vec4 lightPosition;
} uScene;
uniform mat4 uModel;
out vec3 vPosition;
out vec2 vUV;
out vec3 vNormal;
void main() {
vec4 worldPosition = uModel * position;
vPosition = worldPosition.xyz;
vUV = uv;
vNormal = mat3(uModel) * normal;
gl_Position = uScene.viewProj * worldPosition;
}
</script>
<script type="x-shader/vf" id="fragment-draw">
#version 300 es
precision highp float;
layout(std140, column_major) uniform;
uniform SceneUniforms {
mat4 viewProj;
vec4 eyePosition;
vec4 lightPosition;
} uScene;
uniform sampler2D tex;
in vec3 vPosition;
in vec2 vUV;
in vec3 vNormal;
out vec4 fragColor;
void main() {
vec3 color = texture(tex, vUV).rgb;
vec3 normal = normalize(vNormal);
vec3 eyeVec = normalize(uScene.eyePosition.xyz - vPosition);
vec3 incidentVec = normalize(vPosition - uScene.lightPosition.xyz);
vec3 lightVec = -incidentVec;
float diffuse = max(dot(lightVec, normal), 0.0);
float highlight = pow(max(dot(eyeVec, reflect(incidentVec, normal)), 0.0), 100.0);
float ambient = 0.1;
fragColor = vec4(color * (diffuse + highlight + ambient), 1.0);
}
</script>
<script type="x-shader/vs" id="vertex-boundingBox">
#version 300 es
layout(std140, column_major) uniform;
layout(location=0) in vec4 position;
uniform SceneUniforms {
mat4 viewProj;
vec4 eyePosition;
vec4 lightPosition;
} uScene;
uniform mat4 uModel;
void main() {
gl_Position = uScene.viewProj * uModel * position;
}
</script>
<script type="x-shader/vf" id="fragment-boundingBox">
#version 300 es
precision highp float;
layout(std140, column_major) uniform;
out vec4 fragColor;
void main() {
fragColor = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
}
</script>
<script type="x-shader/vs" id="vertex-hud">
#version 300 es
layout(std140, column_major) uniform;
layout(location=0) in vec4 position;
uniform mat4 uViewProj;
uniform mat4 uModel;
void main() {
gl_Position = uViewProj * uModel * position;
}
</script>
<script type="x-shader/vf" id="fragment-hud">
#version 300 es
precision highp float;
layout(std140, column_major) uniform;
out vec4 fragColor;
void main() {
fragColor = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.2);
}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var occlusionCullingEnabled = true;
var showHUD = true;
document.getElementById("occlusion-toggle").addEventListener("change", function() {
occlusionCullingEnabled = this.checked;
for(var i = 0, len = spheres.length; i < len; i++) {
spheres[i].occluded = false;
}
});
document.getElementById("hud-toggle").addEventListener("change", function() {
showHUD = this.checked;
});
var sphereCountElement = document.getElementById("num-spheres");
var occludedSpheresElement = document.getElementById("num-invisible-spheres");
var canvas = document.getElementById("gl-canvas");
canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
canvas.height = window.innerHeight;
var gl = canvas.getContext("webgl2");
if (!gl) {
console.error("WebGL 2 not available");
document.body.innerHTML = "This example requires WebGL 2 which is unavailable on this system."
}
var hudViewport = [
0,
0,
gl.drawingBufferWidth / 5,
gl.drawingBufferHeight / 5
];
gl.viewport(0, 0, gl.drawingBufferWidth, gl.drawingBufferHeight);
gl.enable(gl.DEPTH_TEST);
gl.blendFunc(gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
/////////////////////
// SET UP PROGRAM
/////////////////////
var drawVsSource = document.getElementById("vertex-draw").text.trim();
var drawFsSource = document.getElementById("fragment-draw").text.trim();
var drawVertexShader = gl.createShader(gl.VERTEX_SHADER);
gl.shaderSource(drawVertexShader, drawVsSource);
gl.compileShader(drawVertexShader);
if (!gl.getShaderParameter(drawVertexShader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getShaderInfoLog(drawVertexShader));
}
var drawFragmentShader = gl.createShader(gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER);
gl.shaderSource(drawFragmentShader, drawFsSource);
gl.compileShader(drawFragmentShader);
if (!gl.getShaderParameter(drawFragmentShader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getShaderInfoLog(drawFragmentShader));
}
var program = gl.createProgram();
gl.attachShader(program, drawVertexShader);
gl.attachShader(program, drawFragmentShader);
gl.linkProgram(program);
if (!gl.getProgramParameter(program, gl.LINK_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getProgramInfoLog(program));
}
var boundingBoxVSource = document.getElementById("vertex-boundingBox").text.trim();
var boundingBoxFSource = document.getElementById("fragment-boundingBox").text.trim();
var boundingBoxVertexShader = gl.createShader(gl.VERTEX_SHADER);
gl.shaderSource(boundingBoxVertexShader, boundingBoxVSource);
gl.compileShader(boundingBoxVertexShader);
if (!gl.getShaderParameter(boundingBoxVertexShader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getShaderInfoLog(boundingBoxVertexShader));
}
var boundingBoxFragmentShader = gl.createShader(gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER);
gl.shaderSource(boundingBoxFragmentShader, boundingBoxFSource);
gl.compileShader(boundingBoxFragmentShader);
if (!gl.getShaderParameter(boundingBoxFragmentShader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getShaderInfoLog(boundingBoxFragmentShader));
}
var boundingBoxProgram = gl.createProgram();
gl.attachShader(boundingBoxProgram, boundingBoxVertexShader);
gl.attachShader(boundingBoxProgram, boundingBoxFragmentShader);
gl.linkProgram(boundingBoxProgram);
if (!gl.getProgramParameter(boundingBoxProgram, gl.LINK_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getProgramInfoLog(boundingBoxProgram));
}
var hudVSSource = document.getElementById("vertex-hud").text.trim();
var hudFSSoure = document.getElementById("fragment-hud").text.trim();
var hudVertexShader = gl.createShader(gl.VERTEX_SHADER);
gl.shaderSource(hudVertexShader, hudVSSource);
gl.compileShader(hudVertexShader);
if (!gl.getShaderParameter(hudVertexShader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getShaderInfoLog(hudVertexShader));
}
var hudFragmentShader = gl.createShader(gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER);
gl.shaderSource(hudFragmentShader, hudFSSoure);
gl.compileShader(hudFragmentShader);
if (!gl.getShaderParameter(hudFragmentShader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getShaderInfoLog(hudFragmentShader));
}
var hudProgram = gl.createProgram();
gl.attachShader(hudProgram, hudVertexShader);
gl.attachShader(hudProgram, hudFragmentShader);
gl.linkProgram(hudProgram);
if (!gl.getProgramParameter(hudProgram, gl.LINK_STATUS)) {
console.error(gl.getProgramInfoLog(hudProgram));
}
/////////////////////////
// GET UNIFORM LOCATIONS
/////////////////////////
// Main draw program locations
var drawModelMatrixLocation = gl.getUniformLocation(program, "uModel");
var drawTexLocation = gl.getUniformLocation(program, "tex");
var sceneUniformsLocation = gl.getUniformBlockIndex(program, "SceneUniforms");
gl.uniformBlockBinding(program, sceneUniformsLocation, 0);
// Bounding box program locations
var boundingBoxModelMatrixLocation = gl.getUniformLocation(boundingBoxProgram, "uModel");
// Hud program locations
var hudViewProjLocation = gl.getUniformLocation(hudProgram, "uViewProj");
var hudModelMatrixLocation = gl.getUniformLocation(hudProgram, "uModel");
/////////////////////
// SET UP GEOMETRY
/////////////////////
var positionBuffer, uvBuffer, normalBuffer, indices;
// Sphere geometry
var sphere = utils.createSphere({ radius: 0.6 });
var sphereArray = gl.createVertexArray();
gl.bindVertexArray(sphereArray);
positionBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, positionBuffer);
gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, sphere.positions, gl.STATIC_DRAW);
gl.vertexAttribPointer(0, 3, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
gl.enableVertexAttribArray(0);
uvBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, uvBuffer);
gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, sphere.uvs, gl.STATIC_DRAW);
gl.vertexAttribPointer(1, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
gl.enableVertexAttribArray(1);
normalBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, normalBuffer);
gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, sphere.normals, gl.STATIC_DRAW);
gl.vertexAttribPointer(2, 3, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
gl.enableVertexAttribArray(2);
indices = gl.createBuffer();
gl.bindBuffer(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indices);
gl.bufferData(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sphere.indices, gl.STATIC_DRAW);
gl.bindVertexArray(null);
// Bounding box geometry
sphere.boundingBox = utils.computeBoundingBox(sphere.positions, {geo: true});
var boundingBoxArray = gl.createVertexArray();
gl.bindVertexArray(boundingBoxArray);
positionBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, positionBuffer);
gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, sphere.boundingBox.geo.positions, gl.STATIC_DRAW);
gl.vertexAttribPointer(0, 3, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
gl.enableVertexAttribArray(0);
gl.bindVertexArray(null);
// Object definitions
var GRID_DIM = 6;
var GRID_OFFSET = GRID_DIM / 2 - 0.5;
var NUM_SPHERES = GRID_DIM * GRID_DIM;
var spheres = new Array(NUM_SPHERES);
for (var i = 0; i < NUM_SPHERES; ++i) {
var x = Math.floor(i / GRID_DIM) - GRID_OFFSET;
var z = i % GRID_DIM - GRID_OFFSET;
spheres[i] = {
rotate: [0, 0, 0], // Will be used for global rotation
translate: [x, 0, z],
modelMatrix: mat4.create(),
vertexArray: sphereArray,
numElements: sphere.indices.length,
boundingBox: sphere.boundingBox,
boundingBoxVertexArray: boundingBoxArray,
boundingBoxNumVertices: sphere.boundingBox.geo.positions.length / 3,
query: gl.createQuery(),
queryInProgress: false,
occluded: false
};
utils.xformMatrix(spheres[i].modelMatrix, spheres[i].translate);
}
sphereCountElement.innerHTML = spheres.length;
//////////////////////////
// UNIFORM DATA
//////////////////////////
// scene main camera
var projMatrix = mat4.create();
mat4.perspective(projMatrix, Math.PI / 2, gl.drawingBufferWidth / gl.drawingBufferHeight, 0.1, 10.0);
var viewMatrix = mat4.create();
var eyePosition = vec3.fromValues(0, 0, 5);
mat4.lookAt(viewMatrix, eyePosition, vec3.fromValues(0, 0, 0), vec3.fromValues(0, 1, 0));
var viewProjMatrix = mat4.create();
mat4.multiply(viewProjMatrix, projMatrix, viewMatrix);
// top down assist camera
var projMatrixAssistCam = mat4.create();
mat4.perspective(projMatrixAssistCam, Math.PI / 2, gl.drawingBufferWidth / gl.drawingBufferHeight, 0.1, 10.0);
var viewMatrixAssistCam = mat4.create();
var eyePositionAssistCam = vec3.fromValues(0, 5, 0);
mat4.lookAt(viewMatrixAssistCam, eyePositionAssistCam, vec3.fromValues(0, 0, 0), vec3.fromValues(0, 0, -1));
var viewProjMatrixAssistCam = mat4.create();
mat4.multiply(viewProjMatrixAssistCam, projMatrixAssistCam, viewMatrixAssistCam);
gl.useProgram(hudProgram);
gl.uniformMatrix4fv(hudViewProjLocation, false, viewProjMatrixAssistCam);
gl.useProgram(null);
var lightPosition = vec3.fromValues(1, 1, 40);
var modelMatrix = mat4.create();
var rotateXMatrix = mat4.create();
var rotateYMatrix = mat4.create();
var sceneUniformData = new Float32Array(24);
sceneUniformData.set(viewProjMatrix);
sceneUniformData.set(eyePosition, 16);
sceneUniformData.set(lightPosition, 20);
var sceneUniformBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
gl.bindBufferBase(gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0, sceneUniformBuffer);
gl.bufferData(gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, sceneUniformData, gl.STATIC_DRAW);
var assistCamUniformData = new Float32Array(24);
assistCamUniformData.set(viewProjMatrixAssistCam);
assistCamUniformData.set(eyePositionAssistCam, 16);
assistCamUniformData.set(lightPosition, 20);
var assistCamUniformBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
gl.bindBufferBase(gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, 1, assistCamUniformBuffer);
gl.bufferData(gl.UNIFORM_BUFFER, assistCamUniformData, gl.STATIC_DRAW);
//////////////////////////
// DEPTH SORT FUNCTION
//////////////////////////
var sortPositionA = vec4.create();
var sortPositionB = vec4.create();
var sortModelView = mat4.create();
function depthSort(a, b) {
vec4.set(sortPositionA, a.translate[0], a.translate[1], a.translate[2], 1.0);
vec4.set(sortPositionB, b.translate[0], b.translate[1], b.translate[2], 1.0);
mat4.mul(sortModelView, viewMatrix, a.modelMatrix);
vec4.transformMat4(sortPositionA, sortPositionA, sortModelView);
mat4.mul(sortModelView, viewMatrix, b.modelMatrix);
vec4.transformMat4(sortPositionB, sortPositionB, sortModelView);
return sortPositionB[2] - sortPositionA[2];
}
/////////////////
// LOAD TEXTURE
/////////////////
var image = new Image();
var firstFrame = true;
var occludedSpheres = 0;
image.onload = function() {
var texture = gl.createTexture();
gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE0);
gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, texture);
gl.pixelStorei(gl.UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL, true);
gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl.LINEAR);
gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl.LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_S, gl.REPEAT);
gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_T, gl.REPEAT);
var levels = Math.floor(Math.log2(Math.max(this.width, this.height))) + 1;
gl.texStorage2D(gl.TEXTURE_2D, levels, gl.RGBA8, image.width, image.height);
gl.texSubImage2D(gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, image.width, image.height, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, image);
gl.generateMipmap(gl.TEXTURE_2D);
gl.useProgram(program);
gl.uniform1i(drawTexLocation, 0);
gl.useProgram(null);
var rotationMatrix = mat4.create();
var sphere, boundingBox;
var samplesPassed;
var i;
function draw() {
occludedSpheres = 0;
// Note: Sort based on previous frame's transformations
if (occlusionCullingEnabled) {
spheres.sort(depthSort);
}
gl.viewport(0, 0, gl.drawingBufferWidth, gl.drawingBufferHeight);
gl.clearColor(0, 0, 0, 1);
gl.enable(gl.DEPTH_TEST);
gl.colorMask(true, true, true, true);
gl.depthMask(true);
gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
for (i = 0; i < NUM_SPHERES; ++i) {
sphere = spheres[i];
boundingBox = sphere.boundingBox;
// Update transforms
sphere.rotate[1] += 0.003;
utils.xformMatrix(sphere.modelMatrix, sphere.translate, null, sphere.scale);
mat4.fromYRotation(rotationMatrix, sphere.rotate[1]);
mat4.multiply(sphere.modelMatrix, rotationMatrix, sphere.modelMatrix);
//////////////////
// OCCLUSION TEST
//////////////////
if (occlusionCullingEnabled) {
gl.colorMask(false, false, false, false);
gl.depthMask(false);
gl.useProgram(boundingBoxProgram);
gl.bindVertexArray(sphere.boundingBoxVertexArray);
gl.uniformMatrix4fv(boundingBoxModelMatrixLocation, false, sphere.modelMatrix);
// Check query results here (will be from previous frame or earlier)
if (sphere.queryInProgress && gl.getQueryParameter(sphere.query, gl.QUERY_RESULT_AVAILABLE)) {
sphere.occluded = !gl.getQueryParameter(sphere.query, gl.QUERY_RESULT);
if (sphere.occluded) {
occludedSpheres++;
}
sphere.queryInProgress = false;
}
// Query is initiated here by drawing the bounding box of the sphere
if (!sphere.queryInProgress) {
gl.beginQuery(gl.ANY_SAMPLES_PASSED_CONSERVATIVE, sphere.query);
gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, sphere.boundingBoxNumVertices);
gl.endQuery(gl.ANY_SAMPLES_PASSED_CONSERVATIVE);
sphere.queryInProgress = true;
}
} else {
sphere.occluded = false;
}
if (!sphere.occluded) {
gl.colorMask(true, true, true, true);
gl.depthMask(true);
gl.useProgram(program);
gl.bindVertexArray(sphere.vertexArray);
gl.uniformMatrix4fv(drawModelMatrixLocation, false, sphere.modelMatrix);
gl.drawElements(gl.TRIANGLES, sphere.numElements, gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0);
}
}
// Draw HUD (visualize occlusion results)
if (showHUD) {
gl.viewport(hudViewport[0], hudViewport[1], hudViewport[2], hudViewport[3]);
gl.enable(gl.BLEND);
gl.enable(gl.SCISSOR_TEST);
gl.scissor(hudViewport[0], hudViewport[1], hudViewport[2], hudViewport[3]);
gl.colorMask(true, true, true, true);
gl.depthMask(true);
gl.disable(gl.DEPTH_TEST);
gl.clearColor(0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1);
gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
gl.useProgram(hudProgram);
for (i = 0; i < NUM_SPHERES; ++i) {
sphere = spheres[i];
if (!sphere.occluded) {
gl.bindVertexArray(sphere.vertexArray);
gl.uniformMatrix4fv(hudModelMatrixLocation, false, sphere.modelMatrix);
gl.drawElements(gl.TRIANGLES, sphere.numElements, gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0);
}
}
gl.disable(gl.SCISSOR_TEST);
gl.disable(gl.BLEND);
}
occludedSpheresElement.innerHTML = occludedSpheres;
requestAnimationFrame(draw);
}
requestAnimationFrame(draw);
}
image.src = "img/khronos_webgl.png";
</script>
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</body>
</html>