- geth tutorial: https://github.com/twodude/ghost-relay/wiki
$ mkdir mydata/genesis
$ vi mydata/genesis/rawpow.jsonrawpow.json:
{
"config": {
"chainId": 950327,
"homesteadBlock": 0,
"eip155Block": 0,
"eip158Block": 0,
"eip160Block": 0,
"byzantiumBlock": 0,
"eip150Block": 0,
"rawpow": {}
},
"difficulty": "20",
"gasLimit": "7000000",
"alloc": {
"6282ad5f86c03726722ec397844d2f87ced3af89": { "balance": "60000000000000000000" }
}
}$ build/bin/geth --datadir ./mydata/ init ./mydata/genesis/rawpow.json> miner.start()
> rawpow.echoNumber(5)$ build/bin/geth version
version
Geth
Version: 1.8.12-unstable
Architecture: amd64
Protocol Versions: [63 62]
Network Id: 1
Go Version: go1.9.7
Operating System: darwin
GOPATH=
GOROOT=/usr/local/Cellar/go@1.9/1.9.7/libexecLatest Geth Version is 'Punisher (v1.8.27)' (Apr. 26th, 2019)
See https://github.com/twodude/geth-breakdown/blob/master/docs/naïvePow/naivePoWcompute.md
- Add new function treats a new OPCODE opEthash.
- You can use the other blockchain's own Ethash algo. with modifing instructions_ethash_algorithm.go.
- It makes some go-ethereum/otherEthash/~ files which contain the other blockchain's ethash caches.
$ build/bin/geth --datadir ./mydata/ --networkid 950327 --port 32222 --rpc --rpcport 8222 --nodiscover consolein geth console,
> loadScript("/Users/luke/Desktop/solidity/solexam/testEthash.js")
true
> testOutput
{
contracts: {
solexam/testEthash.sol:testEthash: {
abi: "[{\"constant\":true,\"inputs\":[],\"name\":\"getEthash\",\"outputs\":[{\"name\":\"\",\"type\":\"bool\"}],\"payable\":false,\"stateMutability\":\"view\",\"type\":\"function\"},{\"inputs\":[],\"payable\":false,\"stateMutability\":\"nonpayable\",\"type\":\"constructor\"}]",
bin: "6080604052348015600f57600080fd5b5060067f30783132000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006003466000806101000a81548160ff021916908315150217905550608f8061005c6000396000f3fe6080604052348015600f57600080fd5b506004361060285760003560e01c806303c6f5b314602d575b600080fd5b6033604d565b604051808215151515815260200191505060405180910390f35b60008060009054906101000a900460ff1690509056fea165627a7a72305820843ff4b78ea01dc4651a5bbe25a9c1c382fc50689719c0edcc25913df3bbc7390029"
}
},
version: "0.5.9-develop.2019.5.7+commit.0fcb3e85.mod.Darwin.appleclang"
}You can check contract bytecodes;
> testOutput.contracts
{
solexam/testEthash.sol:testEthash: {
abi: "[{\"constant\":true,\"inputs\":[],\"name\":\"getEthash\",\"outputs\":[{\"name\":\"\",\"type\":\"bool\"}],\"payable\":false,\"stateMutability\":\"view\",\"type\":\"function\"},{\"inputs\":[],\"payable\":false,\"stateMutability\":\"nonpayable\",\"type\":\"constructor\"}]",
bin: "6080604052348015600f57600080fd5b5060067f30783132000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006003466000806101000a81548160ff021916908315150217905550608f8061005c6000396000f3fe6080604052348015600f57600080fd5b506004361060285760003560e01c806303c6f5b314602d575b600080fd5b6033604d565b604051808215151515815260200191505060405180910390f35b60008060009054906101000a900460ff1690509056fea165627a7a72305820843ff4b78ea01dc4651a5bbe25a9c1c382fc50689719c0edcc25913df3bbc7390029"
}
}Deploy by user whose index number is zero.
> var testContract = web3.eth.contract(JSON.parse(testOutput.contracts["solexam/testEthash.sol:testEthash"].abi));
undefined
> personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0], "12341234");
true
> var test = testContract.new({ from: eth.accounts[0], data: "0x" + testOutput.contracts["solexam/testEthash.sol:testEthash"].bin, gas: 2000000},
function (e, contract) {
console.log(e, contract);
if (typeof contract.address !== 'undefined') {
console.log('Contract mined! address: ' + contract.address + ' transactionHash: ' + contract.transactionHash);
}
}
);
INFO [05-07|17:15:14.598917] Submitted contract creation fullhash=0x338c4ae7acf8006e522e7c23bebf82a88fd0aa275b2b5664803b035121007bde contract=0x37b601a8d2367CB5962DD3D67d6Dd9c36F0d8040
null [object Object]
undefinedwhere "12341234" is a password.
> miner.start()
INFO [05-07|17:15:33.802993] Transaction pool price threshold updated price=18000000000
INFO [05-07|17:15:33.803083] Starting mining operation
null
> INFO [05-07|17:15:33.805907] will Finalize the block
INFO [05-07|17:15:33.806014] Commit new mining work number=3 txs=1 uncles=0 elapsed=2.877ms
INFO [05-07|17:15:33.806132] will Seal the block
hash is : 0x2e52b73bd6918b29b96c932a4e3f4722194f5c0b077e4e06ef29a275d9edb10aINFO [05-07|17:15:48.807011] Successfully sealed new block number=3 hash=33258e…1bd400
INFO [05-07|17:15:48.810284] 🔨 mined potential block number=3 hash=33258e…1bd400
INFO [05-07|17:15:48.811704] will Finalize the block
INFO [05-07|17:15:48.811775] Commit new mining work number=4 txs=0 uncles=0 elapsed=1.429ms
INFO [05-07|17:15:48.811839] will Seal the block
null [object Object]
Contract mined! address: 0x37b601a8d2367cb5962dd3d67d6dd9c36f0d8040 transactionHash: 0x338c4ae7acf8006e522e7c23bebf82a88fd0aa275b2b5664803b035121007bde
> miner.stop()
trueNow you can find Contract's address and deploying transaction's hash. Then,
> eth.getTransaction("0x338c4ae7acf8006e522e7c23bebf82a88fd0aa275b2b5664803b035121007bde");
{
blockHash: "0x33258ef216148d62863cdbc25e03a48722ef473c997ed391068e2b40081bd400",
blockNumber: 3,
from: "0x6282ad5f86c03726722ec397844d2f87ced3af89",
gas: 2000000,
gasPrice: 18000000000,
hash: "0x338c4ae7acf8006e522e7c23bebf82a88fd0aa275b2b5664803b035121007bde",
input: "0x6080604052348015600f57600080fd5b5060067f30783132000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006003466000806101000a81548160ff021916908315150217905550608f8061005c6000396000f3fe6080604052348015600f57600080fd5b506004361060285760003560e01c806303c6f5b314602d575b600080fd5b6033604d565b604051808215151515815260200191505060405180910390f35b60008060009054906101000a900460ff1690509056fea165627a7a72305820843ff4b78ea01dc4651a5bbe25a9c1c382fc50689719c0edcc25913df3bbc7390029",
nonce: 1,
r: "0x4961a7b418345a946f35556c86f9405d9b90d4b363cb001dd66eb706e09a825f",
s: "0x5dd62a6bd1340ce221076eb75f617232556e69cd02836f017b8ac97c99acba5b",
to: null,
transactionIndex: 0,
v: "0x1d0091",
value: 0
}
> eth.getBlock(3)
{
difficulty: 131072,
extraData: "0xd88301080c846765746887676f312e392e378664617277696e",
gasLimit: 6982443,
gasUsed: 115330,
hash: "0x33258ef216148d62863cdbc25e03a48722ef473c997ed391068e2b40081bd400",
logsBloom: "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
miner: "0x6282ad5f86c03726722ec397844d2f87ced3af89",
mixHash: "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
nonce: "0x000000000000000a",
number: 3,
parentHash: "0x2e52b73bd6918b29b96c932a4e3f4722194f5c0b077e4e06ef29a275d9edb10a",
receiptsRoot: "0x44dc86364dde328180685b0c72761aff2e857a68402401776503cb24472c7184",
sha3Uncles: "0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347",
size: 864,
stateRoot: "0x3962796cac67bce90ce4a0e7b341be4077dcf979d2a0dafd7f34222fc75d42f8",
timestamp: 1557216933,
totalDifficulty: 393236,
transactions: ["0x338c4ae7acf8006e522e7c23bebf82a88fd0aa275b2b5664803b035121007bde"],
transactionsRoot: "0x3cb67b954d1cee407ee8abc2d9846e59aa188eab0cb757356149990f16efcee7",
uncles: []
}> web3.sha3("getEthash()")
"0x03c6f5b32fdeb6e00f1d2aef938622d89c2c99b6223d8bff960ba907f006e245"So the function selector for the getNum() function is 0x03c6f5b3.
> eth.sendTransaction({from:eth.accounts[0], to:"0x37b601a8d2367cb5962dd3d67d6dd9c36f0d8040", value:0, data:"0x03c6f5b30000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"})
INFO [05-07|17:21:54.413529] Submitted transaction fullhash=0xf6c8654293b7d7285370d531a404adbc3df0e59fc47a18fa700891a4dc2e1208 recipient=0x37b601a8d2367CB5962DD3D67d6Dd9c36F0d8040
"0xf6c8654293b7d7285370d531a404adbc3df0e59fc47a18fa700891a4dc2e1208"- from: account of the caller.
- to: contract address
- value: since the purpose of this call is not to transfer money, this value is 0.
- data: describes the function to call and what parameters to use.
- The first four bytes are the function selector. This is to call the getNum() function so 0x67e0badb.
- Since the set function has no parameter,
- The word length is 32 bytes.
- The (parameter's) value set here is 0x0000 because there is no ipnut params. Actually, I think that I show you a wrong example... Anyway,
> eth.getStorageAt("0x37b601a8d2367cb5962dd3d67d6dd9c36f0d8040",0);
"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001"because 'true' is same as '1'.
For example, there are two methods;
> cat solexam/testEthash.abi | python -m json.tool
[
{
"constant": true,
"inputs": [],
"name": "getEthash",
"outputs": [
{
"name": "",
"type": "bool"
}
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "view",
"type": "function"
},
{
"constant": false,
"inputs": [
{
"name": "blockNumber",
"type": "uint256"
},
{
"name": "mixDigest",
"type": "bytes32"
},
{
"name": "hashNoNonce",
"type": "bytes32"
},
{
"name": "difficulty",
"type": "uint256"
},
{
"name": "nonce",
"type": "uint256"
}
],
"name": "setEthash",
"outputs": [
{
"name": "",
"type": "bool"
}
],
"payable": false,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
}
]You can call those method by the following instructions;
> test.setEthash(3, "0x12", "0x34", 6, 1234, {from: eth.accounts[0], gas: 500000})
INFO [05-10|17:45:18.799955] Submitted transaction fullhash=0xdfde98cecc4f5f310df2082921e6600eeb126da69935c1cc10a15f4b10ea9cd3 recipient=0x37b601a8d2367CB5962DD3D67d6Dd9c36F0d8040and
> test.getEthash()
falseError: The contract code couldn't be stored, please check your gas amount. undefinedIf the above error occurs, you might need to allocate more gas. If the error doesn't disappear with additional gas, make sure that you modify EVM to treat a new OPCODE.
[1] https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40401264/article/details/78136346