Bug: prefer-optional-chain throws error: "Unexpected member object type: TSAsExpression"

[revelt]

Before You File a Bug Report Please Confirm You Have Done The Following...

• I have tried restarting my IDE and the issue persists.
• I have updated to the latest version of the packages.
• I have searched for related issues and found none that matched my issue.
• I have read the FAQ and my problem is not listed.

Playground Link

https://typescript-eslint.io/play/#ts=4.9.3&sourceType=module&code=JYOwLgpgTgZghgYwgAgCoHsDWETIN4BQyymoAJgPwBcyAzmFKAOYDcBAvgTAK4gJjB0uenChhaqOEwAUYLDhoZsIAJQ0ARunQAbCHFyFiUCGG5RcAQgvSixZNbnLkcWs5ABPFQDpSIMsgAfAPsAbQAiMnR+dwAHCDCAGmQwgA8AW20wgF0vUARtbjIIWmlZeVwXN08fchVbFTZOAggUmPQxZCL4bm0wOjBRcUlWAiA&eslintrc=N4KABGBEBOCuA2BTAzpAXGUEKQAIBcBPABxQGNoBLY-AWhXkoDt8B6Y6RAM0WloHsalfkwCG8WmQAWo5uii9o-aJHBgAviHVA&tsconfig=N4KABGBEDGD2C2AHAlgGwKYCcDyiAuysAdgM6QBcYoEEkJemy0eAcgK6qoDCAFutAGsylBm3TgwAXxCSgA

Repro Code

interface Token {
  kind?: string;
}
function startsTag(token: Token): boolean {
  return !!(
    !(token as any).kind || !["doctype", "xml"].includes((token as any).kind)
  );
}

export default startsTag;

for reference, the full source is here

### ESLint Config

```javascript
module.exports = {
  parser: "@typescript-eslint/parser",
  rules: {
    "@typescript-eslint/prefer-optional-chain": "error"
  },
};

tsconfig

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "strictNullChecks": true
  }
}

Expected Result

Expected ESLint not to throw

Actual Result

In VSCode ESLint throws with a message "Unexpected member object type: TSAsExpression":

The playground error is more cryptic:

Additional Info

I suspect it's from v5.44 release, and it might be a similar-class bug to #5553

Versions

package	version
@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin	^5.44.0
@typescript-eslint/parser	^5.44.0
TypeScript	^4.8.4
ESLint	^8.28.0
node	16.14.2

[omril1]

Seems related to #6024 as well.
The enhancement to the rule caused a lot of possible node types to break it 😞

[revelt]

The new v5.45 is still affected. The last working version is v5.42.

[bradzacher]

This should now be fixed (the above playground is not crashing)