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beachball.py
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beachball.py
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#
# graphics/beachball.py - first motion "beachball" plots
#
# To correctly plot focal mechanims, MTUQ uses Generic Mapping Tools (GMT).
# If GMT >=6.0.0 executables are not found on the system path, MTUQ falls
# back to ObsPy. As described in the following GitHub issue, ObsPy
# focal mechanism plots suffer from plotting artifacts:
# https://github.com/obspy/obspy/issues/2388
import obspy.imaging.beachball
import os
import matplotlib.pyplot as pyplot
import numpy as np
import subprocess
from matplotlib import colors
from mtuq.event import MomentTensor
from mtuq.graphics._gmt import _parse_filetype, _get_format_arg
from mtuq.util import asarray, warn
from obspy.geodetics import gps2dist_azimuth, kilometers2degrees
from obspy.geodetics import kilometers2degrees as _to_deg
from obspy.taup import TauPyModel
from six import string_types
def plot_beachball(filename, mt, stations, origin, **kwargs):
""" Plots focal mechanism and station locations
.. rubric :: Required arguments
``filename`` (`str`):
Name of output image file
``mt`` (`mtuq.MomentTensor`):
Moment tensor object
``stations`` (`list` of `Station` objects):
Stations from which azimuths and takeoff angles are calculated
``origin`` (`Origin` object):
Origin used to define center
.. rubric :: Optional keyword arguments
``polarities`` (`list`)
Observed polarities corresponding to given stations
(not yet implemented)
``add_crosshair`` (`bool`)
Marks hypocenter with crosshair
``add_station_labels`` (`bool`)
Displays stations names
``fill_color`` (`str`)
Used for plotting focal mechanism
``marker_color`` (`str`)
Used for station markers
"""
from mtuq.graphics._gmt import gmt_major_version
if type(mt)!=MomentTensor:
mt = MomentTensor(mt)
try:
assert gmt_major_version() >= 6
backend = _plot_beachball_gmt
except:
backend = _plot_beachball_obspy
backend(filename, mt, stations, origin, **kwargs)
def _plot_beachball_obspy(filename, mt, stations, origin, polarities=None,
fill_color='gray', marker_color='black', **kwargs):
""" Plots focal mechanism using ObsPy
"""
warn("""
WARNING
Generic Mapping Tools (>=6.0.0) executables not found on system path.
Falling back to ObsPy.
""")
obspy.imaging.beachball.beachball(
mt.as_vector(), size=200, linewidth=2, facecolor=fill_color)
pyplot.savefig(filename)
pyplot.close()
def _plot_beachball_gmt(filename, mt, stations, origin, polarities=None,
taup_model='ak135', add_station_labels=True,
fill_color='gray', marker_color='black'):
filename, filetype = _parse_filetype(filename)
format_arg = _get_format_arg(filetype)
# parse optional arguments
if add_station_labels:
label_arg = '-T+jCB'
else:
label_arg = ''
if fill_color:
rgb = 255*asarray(colors.to_rgba(fill_color)[:3])
if marker_color:
marker_rgb = 255*asarray(colors.to_rgba(marker_color)[:3])
if origin and stations and polarities:
#
# plots beachball, station locations, and polarity fits
#
_write_polarities('tmp.'+filename+'.pol',
stations, origin, polarities, taup_model)
subprocess.call(script1 % (
#psmeca args
*rgb, filename+'.ps',
#psmeca table
*mt.as_vector(),
#pspolar args
'tmp.'+filename+'.sta', *marker_rgb, *marker_rgb, label_arg, filename+'.ps',
#psconvert args
filename+'.ps', filename, format_arg,
), shell=True)
elif origin and stations:
#
# plots beachball and station locations
#
_write_stations('tmp.'+filename+'.sta',
stations, origin, taup_model)
subprocess.call(script2 % (
#psmeca args
*rgb, filename+'.ps',
#psmeca table
*mt.as_vector(),
#pspolar args
'tmp.'+filename+'.sta', *marker_rgb, *marker_rgb, label_arg, filename+'.ps',
#psconvert args
filename+'.ps', filename, format_arg,
), shell=True)
else:
#
# plots beachball only
#
subprocess.call(script3 % (
#psmeca args
*rgb, filename+'.ps',
#psmeca table
*mt.as_vector(),
#psconvert args
filename+'.ps', filename, format_arg,
), shell=True)
#
# utility functions
#
def get_takeoff_angle(taup, source_depth_in_km, **kwargs):
try:
arrivals = taup.get_travel_times(source_depth_in_km, **kwargs)
phases = []
for arrival in arrivals:
phases += [arrival.phase.name]
if 'p' in phases:
return arrivals[phases.index('p')].incident_angle
elif 'P' in phases:
return arrivals[phases.index('P')].incident_angle
else:
raise Excpetion
except:
# if taup fails, use dummy takeoff angle
return None
def _write_stations(filename, stations, origin, taup_model):
try:
taup = TauPyModel(model=taup_model)
except:
taup = None
with open(filename, 'w') as file:
for station in stations:
label = station.station
distance_in_m, azimuth, _ = gps2dist_azimuth(
origin.latitude,
origin.longitude,
station.latitude,
station.longitude)
takeoff_angle = get_takeoff_angle(
taup,
origin.depth_in_m/1000.,
distance_in_degree=_to_deg(distance_in_m/1000.),
phase_list=['p', 'P'])
if takeoff_angle is not None:
file.write('%s %f %f\n' % (label, azimuth, takeoff_angle))
def _write_polarities(filename, stations, origin, polarities):
raise NotImplementedError
#
# GMT SCRIPTS
#
# plots beachball, station locations, and polarity fits
# TODO - not implemented yet
# plots beachball and station locations
script2=\
'''#!/bin/bash -e
gmt psmeca -R-1.2/1.2/-1.2/1.2 -Jm0/0/5c -M -Sm9.9c -G%d/%d/%d -h1 -Xc -Yc -K << END > %s
lat lon depth mrr mtt mff mrt mrf mtf
0. 0. 10. %e %e %e %e %e %e 25 0 0
END\n
# there appears to be bug? -- pspolar does not act on flags -E -G,
# which control marker fill color
gmt pspolar %s -R-1.2/1.2/-1.2/1.2 -Jm0/0/5c -D0/0 -E%d/%d/%d -G%d/%d/%d -F -Qe -M9.9c -N -Si0.6c %s -O >> %s
gmt psconvert %s -F%s -A %s
'''
# plots beachball only
script3=\
'''#!/bin/bash -e
gmt psmeca -R-1.2/1.2/-1.2/1.2 -Jm0/0/5c -M -Sm9.9c -G%d/%d/%d -h1 -Xc -Yc << END > %s
lat lon depth mrr mtt mff mrt mrf mtf
0. 0. 10. %e %e %e %e %e %e 25 0 0
END\n
gmt psconvert %s -F%s -A %s
'''