namespace-lock.go

/*
 * MinIO Cloud Storage, (C) 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 MinIO, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package cmd

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	pathutil "path"
	"runtime"
	"strings"
	"sync"

	"fmt"
	"time"

	"github.com/minio/dsync/v2"
	"github.com/minio/lsync"
	"github.com/minio/minio-go/v6/pkg/set"
	"github.com/minio/minio/cmd/logger"
	xnet "github.com/minio/minio/pkg/net"
)

// Global name space lock.
var globalNSMutex *nsLockMap

// Global lock server one per server.
var globalLockServer *lockRESTServer

// Instance of dsync for distributed clients.
var globalDsync *dsync.Dsync

// RWLocker - locker interface to introduce GetRLock, RUnlock.
type RWLocker interface {
	GetLock(timeout *dynamicTimeout) (timedOutErr error)
	Unlock()
	GetRLock(timeout *dynamicTimeout) (timedOutErr error)
	RUnlock()
}

// Initialize distributed locking only in case of distributed setup.
// Returns lock clients and the node index for the current server.
func newDsyncNodes(endpoints EndpointList) (clnts []dsync.NetLocker, myNode int) {
	myNode = -1
	seenHosts := set.NewStringSet()
	for _, endpoint := range endpoints {
		if seenHosts.Contains(endpoint.Host) {
			continue
		}
		seenHosts.Add(endpoint.Host)

		var locker dsync.NetLocker
		if endpoint.IsLocal {
			myNode = len(clnts)

			receiver := &lockRESTServer{
				ll: localLocker{
					serverAddr:      endpoint.Host,
					serviceEndpoint: lockServicePath,
					lockMap:         make(map[string][]lockRequesterInfo),
				},
			}

			globalLockServer = receiver
			locker = &(receiver.ll)
		} else {
			host, err := xnet.ParseHost(endpoint.Host)
			logger.FatalIf(err, "Unable to parse Lock RPC Host")
			locker = newlockRESTClient(host)
		}

		clnts = append(clnts, locker)
	}

	return clnts, myNode
}

// newNSLock - return a new name space lock map.
func newNSLock(isDistXL bool) *nsLockMap {
	nsMutex := nsLockMap{
		isDistXL: isDistXL,
	}
	if isDistXL {
		return &nsMutex
	}
	nsMutex.lockMap = make(map[nsParam]*nsLock)
	return &nsMutex
}

// initNSLock - initialize name space lock map.
func initNSLock(isDistXL bool) {
	globalNSMutex = newNSLock(isDistXL)
}

// nsParam - carries name space resource.
type nsParam struct {
	volume string
	path   string
}

// nsLock - provides primitives for locking critical namespace regions.
type nsLock struct {
	*lsync.LRWMutex
	ref uint
}

// nsLockMap - namespace lock map, provides primitives to Lock,
// Unlock, RLock and RUnlock.
type nsLockMap struct {
	// Indicates if namespace is part of a distributed setup.
	isDistXL     bool
	lockMap      map[nsParam]*nsLock
	lockMapMutex sync.RWMutex
}

// Lock the namespace resource.
func (n *nsLockMap) lock(ctx context.Context, volume, path string, lockSource, opsID string, readLock bool, timeout time.Duration) (locked bool) {
	var nsLk *nsLock

	n.lockMapMutex.Lock()
	param := nsParam{volume, path}
	nsLk, found := n.lockMap[param]
	if !found {
		n.lockMap[param] = &nsLock{
			LRWMutex: lsync.NewLRWMutex(ctx),
			ref:      1,
		}
		nsLk = n.lockMap[param]
	} else {
		// Update ref count here to avoid multiple races.
		nsLk.ref++
	}
	n.lockMapMutex.Unlock()

	// Locking here will block (until timeout).
	if readLock {
		locked = nsLk.GetRLock(opsID, lockSource, timeout)
	} else {
		locked = nsLk.GetLock(opsID, lockSource, timeout)
	}

	if !locked { // We failed to get the lock

		// Decrement ref count since we failed to get the lock
		n.lockMapMutex.Lock()
		nsLk.ref--
		if nsLk.ref == 0 {
			// Remove from the map if there are no more references.
			delete(n.lockMap, param)
		}
		n.lockMapMutex.Unlock()
	}
	return
}

// Unlock the namespace resource.
func (n *nsLockMap) unlock(volume, path, opsID string, readLock bool) {
	param := nsParam{volume, path}
	n.lockMapMutex.RLock()
	nsLk, found := n.lockMap[param]
	n.lockMapMutex.RUnlock()
	if !found {
		return
	}
	if readLock {
		nsLk.RUnlock()
	} else {
		nsLk.Unlock()
	}
	n.lockMapMutex.Lock()
	if nsLk.ref == 0 {
		logger.LogIf(context.Background(), errors.New("Namespace reference count cannot be 0"))
	} else {
		nsLk.ref--
		if nsLk.ref == 0 {
			// Remove from the map if there are no more references.
			delete(n.lockMap, param)
		}
	}
	n.lockMapMutex.Unlock()
}

// Lock - locks the given resource for writes, using a previously
// allocated name space lock or initializing a new one.
func (n *nsLockMap) Lock(volume, path, opsID string, timeout time.Duration) (locked bool) {
	readLock := false // This is a write lock.

	lockSource := getSource() // Useful for debugging
	return n.lock(context.Background(), volume, path, lockSource, opsID, readLock, timeout)
}

// Unlock - unlocks any previously acquired write locks.
func (n *nsLockMap) Unlock(volume, path, opsID string) {
	readLock := false
	n.unlock(volume, path, opsID, readLock)
}

// RLock - locks any previously acquired read locks.
func (n *nsLockMap) RLock(volume, path, opsID string, timeout time.Duration) (locked bool) {
	readLock := true

	lockSource := getSource() // Useful for debugging
	return n.lock(context.Background(), volume, path, lockSource, opsID, readLock, timeout)
}

// RUnlock - unlocks any previously acquired read locks.
func (n *nsLockMap) RUnlock(volume, path, opsID string) {
	readLock := true
	n.unlock(volume, path, opsID, readLock)
}

// ForceUnlock - forcefully unlock a lock based on name.
func (n *nsLockMap) ForceUnlock(volume, path string) {
	n.lockMapMutex.Lock()
	defer n.lockMapMutex.Unlock()

	// Clarification on operation:
	// - In case of FS or XL we call ForceUnlock on the local globalNSMutex
	//   (since there is only a single server) which will cause the 'stuck'
	//   mutex to be removed from the map. Existing operations for this
	//   will continue to be blocked (and timeout). New operations on this
	//   resource will use a new mutex and proceed normally.
	//
	// - In case of Distributed setup (using dsync), there is no need to call
	//   ForceUnlock on the server where the lock was acquired and is presumably
	//   'stuck'. Instead dsync.ForceUnlock() will release the underlying locks
	//   that participated in granting the lock. Any pending dsync locks that
	//   are blocking can now proceed as normal and any new locks will also
	//   participate normally.
	if n.isDistXL { // For distributed mode, broadcast ForceUnlock message.
		dsync.NewDRWMutex(context.Background(), pathJoin(volume, path), globalDsync).ForceUnlock()
	}

	// Remove lock from the map.
	delete(n.lockMap, nsParam{volume, path})
}

// dsync's distributed lock instance.
type distLockInstance struct {
	rwMutex             *dsync.DRWMutex
	volume, path, opsID string
}

// Lock - block until write lock is taken or timeout has occurred.
func (di *distLockInstance) GetLock(timeout *dynamicTimeout) (timedOutErr error) {
	lockSource := getSource()
	start := UTCNow()

	if !di.rwMutex.GetLock(di.opsID, lockSource, timeout.Timeout()) {
		timeout.LogFailure()
		return OperationTimedOut{Path: di.path}
	}
	timeout.LogSuccess(UTCNow().Sub(start))
	return nil
}

// Unlock - block until write lock is released.
func (di *distLockInstance) Unlock() {
	di.rwMutex.Unlock()
}

// RLock - block until read lock is taken or timeout has occurred.
func (di *distLockInstance) GetRLock(timeout *dynamicTimeout) (timedOutErr error) {
	lockSource := getSource()
	start := UTCNow()
	if !di.rwMutex.GetRLock(di.opsID, lockSource, timeout.Timeout()) {
		timeout.LogFailure()
		return OperationTimedOut{Path: di.path}
	}
	timeout.LogSuccess(UTCNow().Sub(start))
	return nil
}

// RUnlock - block until read lock is released.
func (di *distLockInstance) RUnlock() {
	di.rwMutex.RUnlock()
}

// localLockInstance - frontend/top-level interface for namespace locks.
type localLockInstance struct {
	ctx                 context.Context
	ns                  *nsLockMap
	volume, path, opsID string
}

// NewNSLock - returns a lock instance for a given volume and
// path. The returned lockInstance object encapsulates the nsLockMap,
// volume, path and operation ID.
func (n *nsLockMap) NewNSLock(ctx context.Context, volume, path string) RWLocker {
	opsID := mustGetUUID()
	if n.isDistXL {
		return &distLockInstance{dsync.NewDRWMutex(ctx, pathJoin(volume, path), globalDsync), volume, path, opsID}
	}
	return &localLockInstance{ctx, n, volume, path, opsID}
}

// Lock - block until write lock is taken or timeout has occurred.
func (li *localLockInstance) GetLock(timeout *dynamicTimeout) (timedOutErr error) {
	lockSource := getSource()
	start := UTCNow()
	readLock := false
	if !li.ns.lock(li.ctx, li.volume, li.path, lockSource, li.opsID, readLock, timeout.Timeout()) {
		timeout.LogFailure()
		return OperationTimedOut{Path: li.path}
	}
	timeout.LogSuccess(UTCNow().Sub(start))
	return
}

// Unlock - block until write lock is released.
func (li *localLockInstance) Unlock() {
	readLock := false
	li.ns.unlock(li.volume, li.path, li.opsID, readLock)
}

// RLock - block until read lock is taken or timeout has occurred.
func (li *localLockInstance) GetRLock(timeout *dynamicTimeout) (timedOutErr error) {
	lockSource := getSource()
	start := UTCNow()
	readLock := true
	if !li.ns.lock(li.ctx, li.volume, li.path, lockSource, li.opsID, readLock, timeout.Timeout()) {
		timeout.LogFailure()
		return OperationTimedOut{Path: li.path}
	}
	timeout.LogSuccess(UTCNow().Sub(start))
	return
}

// RUnlock - block until read lock is released.
func (li *localLockInstance) RUnlock() {
	readLock := true
	li.ns.unlock(li.volume, li.path, li.opsID, readLock)
}

func getSource() string {
	var funcName string
	pc, filename, lineNum, ok := runtime.Caller(2)
	if ok {
		filename = pathutil.Base(filename)
		funcName = strings.TrimPrefix(runtime.FuncForPC(pc).Name(),
			"github.com/minio/minio/cmd.")
	} else {
		filename = "<unknown>"
		lineNum = 0
	}

	return fmt.Sprintf("[%s:%d:%s()]", filename, lineNum, funcName)
}