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adding-a-watermark-to-a-video.md

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Adding a Watermark to a Video

Embed a watermark image onto a video file using FFmpeg to brand or copyright protect your video content.

Command

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i watermark.png -filter_complex "overlay=10:10" output.mp4

Parameters

  • -i input.mp4: Specifies the input video file. Replace input.mp4 with the path to your source video file.
  • -i watermark.png: Specifies the watermark image file. Replace watermark.png with the path to your watermark image. The image format can be PNG, JPG, or any other image format supported by FFmpeg.
  • -filter_complex "overlay=10:10": Applies a complex filter to overlay the watermark image onto the video. 10:10 positions the top-left corner of the watermark image 10 pixels from the top and 10 pixels from the left of the video frame. Adjust these values to change the watermark position.

Possible Errors

  • File not found: Occurs if FFmpeg cannot locate the input video file or the watermark image file. Ensure all file paths are correct.
  • Invalid overlay position: Occurs if the specified position values for the overlay filter are outside the bounds of the video frame. Ensure the position values are within the video dimensions.
  • Permission denied: Occurs if FFmpeg does not have the necessary permissions to read the input files or write to the output file. Ensure that the files and directories have the correct permissions.

GPU Acceleration Command

While adding a watermark is primarily a CPU-bound process, you can utilize GPU acceleration for the video encoding part of the process. For Nvidia GPUs:

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i watermark.png -filter_complex "overlay=10:10" -c:v h264_nvenc output.mp4

Additional Information

  • Transparency Support: If your watermark is a PNG with transparency, FFmpeg will respect this transparency in the output video.
  • Watermark Size: If necessary, you can resize the watermark image before overlaying it onto the video using the scale filter within the -filter_complex option (e.g., overlay=10:10,scale=100:50 to resize the watermark to 100x50 pixels).
  • Positioning the Watermark: The overlay filter allows for dynamic positioning using variables such as main_w, main_h (video width and height), and overlay_w, overlay_h (watermark width and height). For example, overlay=(main_w-overlay_w-10):(main_h-overlay_h-10) positions the watermark 10 pixels from the bottom right corner.
  • Fade In/Out Effects: To add fade-in and fade-out effects to your watermark, you can use the fade filter in combination with the overlay filter within the -filter_complex option.