jira.go

package jira

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"encoding/hex"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"reflect"
	"sort"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go"
	"github.com/google/go-querystring/query"
	"github.com/pkg/errors"
)

// httpClient defines an interface for an http.Client implementation so that alternative
// http Clients can be passed in for making requests
type httpClient interface {
	Do(request *http.Request) (response *http.Response, err error)
}

// A Client manages communication with the Jira API.
type Client struct {
	// HTTP client used to communicate with the API.
	client httpClient

	// Base URL for API requests.
	baseURL *url.URL

	// Session storage if the user authenticates with a Session cookie
	session *Session

	// Services used for talking to different parts of the Jira API.
	Authentication   *AuthenticationService
	Issue            *IssueService
	Project          *ProjectService
	Board            *BoardService
	Sprint           *SprintService
	User             *UserService
	Group            *GroupService
	Version          *VersionService
	Priority         *PriorityService
	Field            *FieldService
	Component        *ComponentService
	Resolution       *ResolutionService
	StatusCategory   *StatusCategoryService
	Filter           *FilterService
	Role             *RoleService
	PermissionScheme *PermissionSchemeService
	Status           *StatusService
	IssueLinkType    *IssueLinkTypeService
}

// NewClient returns a new Jira API client.
// If a nil httpClient is provided, http.DefaultClient will be used.
// To use API methods which require authentication you can follow the preferred solution and
// provide an http.Client that will perform the authentication for you with OAuth and HTTP Basic (such as that provided by the golang.org/x/oauth2 library).
// As an alternative you can use Session Cookie based authentication provided by this package as well.
// See https://docs.atlassian.com/jira/REST/latest/#authentication
// baseURL is the HTTP endpoint of your Jira instance and should always be specified with a trailing slash.
func NewClient(httpClient httpClient, baseURL string) (*Client, error) {
	if httpClient == nil {
		httpClient = http.DefaultClient
	}

	// ensure the baseURL contains a trailing slash so that all paths are preserved in later calls
	if !strings.HasSuffix(baseURL, "/") {
		baseURL += "/"
	}

	parsedBaseURL, err := url.Parse(baseURL)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	c := &Client{
		client:  httpClient,
		baseURL: parsedBaseURL,
	}
	c.Authentication = &AuthenticationService{client: c}
	c.Issue = &IssueService{client: c}
	c.Project = &ProjectService{client: c}
	c.Board = &BoardService{client: c}
	c.Sprint = &SprintService{client: c}
	c.User = &UserService{client: c}
	c.Group = &GroupService{client: c}
	c.Version = &VersionService{client: c}
	c.Priority = &PriorityService{client: c}
	c.Field = &FieldService{client: c}
	c.Component = &ComponentService{client: c}
	c.Resolution = &ResolutionService{client: c}
	c.StatusCategory = &StatusCategoryService{client: c}
	c.Filter = &FilterService{client: c}
	c.Role = &RoleService{client: c}
	c.PermissionScheme = &PermissionSchemeService{client: c}
	c.Status = &StatusService{client: c}
	c.IssueLinkType = &IssueLinkTypeService{client: c}

	return c, nil
}

// NewRawRequestWithContext creates an API request.
// A relative URL can be provided in urlStr, in which case it is resolved relative to the baseURL of the Client.
// Allows using an optional native io.Reader for sourcing the request body.
func (c *Client) NewRawRequestWithContext(ctx context.Context, method, urlStr string, body io.Reader) (*http.Request, error) {
	rel, err := url.Parse(urlStr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Relative URLs should be specified without a preceding slash since baseURL will have the trailing slash
	rel.Path = strings.TrimLeft(rel.Path, "/")

	u := c.baseURL.ResolveReference(rel)

	req, err := newRequestWithContext(ctx, method, u.String(), body)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")

	// Set authentication information
	if c.Authentication.authType == authTypeSession {
		// Set session cookie if there is one
		if c.session != nil {
			for _, cookie := range c.session.Cookies {
				req.AddCookie(cookie)
			}
		}
	} else if c.Authentication.authType == authTypeBasic {
		// Set basic auth information
		if c.Authentication.username != "" {
			req.SetBasicAuth(c.Authentication.username, c.Authentication.password)
		}
	}

	return req, nil
}

// NewRawRequest wraps NewRawRequestWithContext using the background context.
func (c *Client) NewRawRequest(method, urlStr string, body io.Reader) (*http.Request, error) {
	return c.NewRawRequestWithContext(context.Background(), method, urlStr, body)
}

// NewRequestWithContext creates an API request.
// A relative URL can be provided in urlStr, in which case it is resolved relative to the baseURL of the Client.
// If specified, the value pointed to by body is JSON encoded and included as the request body.
func (c *Client) NewRequestWithContext(ctx context.Context, method, urlStr string, body interface{}) (*http.Request, error) {
	rel, err := url.Parse(urlStr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Relative URLs should be specified without a preceding slash since baseURL will have the trailing slash
	rel.Path = strings.TrimLeft(rel.Path, "/")

	u := c.baseURL.ResolveReference(rel)

	var buf io.ReadWriter
	if body != nil {
		buf = new(bytes.Buffer)
		err = json.NewEncoder(buf).Encode(body)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	req, err := newRequestWithContext(ctx, method, u.String(), buf)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")

	// Set authentication information
	if c.Authentication.authType == authTypeSession {
		// Set session cookie if there is one
		if c.session != nil {
			for _, cookie := range c.session.Cookies {
				req.AddCookie(cookie)
			}
		}
	} else if c.Authentication.authType == authTypeBasic {
		// Set basic auth information
		if c.Authentication.username != "" {
			req.SetBasicAuth(c.Authentication.username, c.Authentication.password)
		}
	}

	return req, nil
}

// NewRequest wraps NewRequestWithContext using the background context.
func (c *Client) NewRequest(method, urlStr string, body interface{}) (*http.Request, error) {
	return c.NewRequestWithContext(context.Background(), method, urlStr, body)
}

// addOptions adds the parameters in opt as URL query parameters to s.  opt
// must be a struct whose fields may contain "url" tags.
func addOptions(s string, opt interface{}) (string, error) {
	v := reflect.ValueOf(opt)
	if v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && v.IsNil() {
		return s, nil
	}

	u, err := url.Parse(s)
	if err != nil {
		return s, err
	}

	qs, err := query.Values(opt)
	if err != nil {
		return s, err
	}

	u.RawQuery = qs.Encode()
	return u.String(), nil
}

// NewMultiPartRequestWithContext creates an API request including a multi-part file.
// A relative URL can be provided in urlStr, in which case it is resolved relative to the baseURL of the Client.
// If specified, the value pointed to by buf is a multipart form.
func (c *Client) NewMultiPartRequestWithContext(ctx context.Context, method, urlStr string, buf *bytes.Buffer) (*http.Request, error) {
	rel, err := url.Parse(urlStr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Relative URLs should be specified without a preceding slash since baseURL will have the trailing slash
	rel.Path = strings.TrimLeft(rel.Path, "/")

	u := c.baseURL.ResolveReference(rel)

	req, err := newRequestWithContext(ctx, method, u.String(), buf)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Set required headers
	req.Header.Set("X-Atlassian-Token", "nocheck")

	// Set authentication information
	if c.Authentication.authType == authTypeSession {
		// Set session cookie if there is one
		if c.session != nil {
			for _, cookie := range c.session.Cookies {
				req.AddCookie(cookie)
			}
		}
	} else if c.Authentication.authType == authTypeBasic {
		// Set basic auth information
		if c.Authentication.username != "" {
			req.SetBasicAuth(c.Authentication.username, c.Authentication.password)
		}
	}

	return req, nil
}

// NewMultiPartRequest wraps NewMultiPartRequestWithContext using the background context.
func (c *Client) NewMultiPartRequest(method, urlStr string, buf *bytes.Buffer) (*http.Request, error) {
	return c.NewMultiPartRequestWithContext(context.Background(), method, urlStr, buf)
}

// Do sends an API request and returns the API response.
// The API response is JSON decoded and stored in the value pointed to by v, or returned as an error if an API error has occurred.
func (c *Client) Do(req *http.Request, v interface{}) (*Response, error) {
	httpResp, err := c.client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	err = CheckResponse(httpResp)
	if err != nil {
		// Even though there was an error, we still return the response
		// in case the caller wants to inspect it further
		return newResponse(httpResp, nil), err
	}

	if v != nil {
		// Open a NewDecoder and defer closing the reader only if there is a provided interface to decode to
		defer httpResp.Body.Close()
		err = json.NewDecoder(httpResp.Body).Decode(v)
	}

	resp := newResponse(httpResp, v)
	return resp, err
}

// CheckResponse checks the API response for errors, and returns them if present.
// A response is considered an error if it has a status code outside the 200 range.
// The caller is responsible to analyze the response body.
// The body can contain JSON (if the error is intended) or xml (sometimes Jira just failes).
func CheckResponse(r *http.Response) error {
	if c := r.StatusCode; 200 <= c && c <= 299 {
		return nil
	}

	err := fmt.Errorf("request failed. Please analyze the request body for more details. Status code: %d", r.StatusCode)
	return err
}

// GetBaseURL will return you the Base URL.
// This is the same URL as in the NewClient constructor
func (c *Client) GetBaseURL() url.URL {
	return *c.baseURL
}

// Response represents Jira API response. It wraps http.Response returned from
// API and provides information about paging.
type Response struct {
	*http.Response

	StartAt    int
	MaxResults int
	Total      int
}

func newResponse(r *http.Response, v interface{}) *Response {
	resp := &Response{Response: r}
	resp.populatePageValues(v)
	return resp
}

// Sets paging values if response json was parsed to searchResult type
// (can be extended with other types if they also need paging info)
func (r *Response) populatePageValues(v interface{}) {
	switch value := v.(type) {
	case *searchResult:
		r.StartAt = value.StartAt
		r.MaxResults = value.MaxResults
		r.Total = value.Total
	case *groupMembersResult:
		r.StartAt = value.StartAt
		r.MaxResults = value.MaxResults
		r.Total = value.Total
	}
}

// BasicAuthTransport is an http.RoundTripper that authenticates all requests
// using HTTP Basic Authentication with the provided username and password.
type BasicAuthTransport struct {
	Username string
	Password string

	// Transport is the underlying HTTP transport to use when making requests.
	// It will default to http.DefaultTransport if nil.
	Transport http.RoundTripper
}

// RoundTrip implements the RoundTripper interface.  We just add the
// basic auth and return the RoundTripper for this transport type.
func (t *BasicAuthTransport) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	req2 := cloneRequest(req) // per RoundTripper contract

	req2.SetBasicAuth(t.Username, t.Password)
	return t.transport().RoundTrip(req2)
}

// Client returns an *http.Client that makes requests that are authenticated
// using HTTP Basic Authentication.  This is a nice little bit of sugar
// so we can just get the client instead of creating the client in the calling code.
// If it's necessary to send more information on client init, the calling code can
// always skip this and set the transport itself.
func (t *BasicAuthTransport) Client() *http.Client {
	return &http.Client{Transport: t}
}

func (t *BasicAuthTransport) transport() http.RoundTripper {
	if t.Transport != nil {
		return t.Transport
	}
	return http.DefaultTransport
}

// CookieAuthTransport is an http.RoundTripper that authenticates all requests
// using Jira's cookie-based authentication.
//
// Note that it is generally preferable to use HTTP BASIC authentication with the REST API.
// However, this resource may be used to mimic the behaviour of Jira's log-in page (e.g. to display log-in errors to a user).
//
// Jira API docs: https://docs.atlassian.com/jira/REST/latest/#auth/1/session
type CookieAuthTransport struct {
	Username string
	Password string
	AuthURL  string

	// SessionObject is the authenticated cookie string.s
	// It's passed in each call to prove the client is authenticated.
	SessionObject []*http.Cookie

	// Transport is the underlying HTTP transport to use when making requests.
	// It will default to http.DefaultTransport if nil.
	Transport http.RoundTripper
}

// RoundTrip adds the session object to the request.
func (t *CookieAuthTransport) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	if t.SessionObject == nil {
		err := t.setSessionObject()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "cookieauth: no session object has been set")
		}
	}

	req2 := cloneRequest(req) // per RoundTripper contract
	for _, cookie := range t.SessionObject {
		// Don't add an empty value cookie to the request
		if cookie.Value != "" {
			req2.AddCookie(cookie)
		}
	}

	return t.transport().RoundTrip(req2)
}

// Client returns an *http.Client that makes requests that are authenticated
// using cookie authentication
func (t *CookieAuthTransport) Client() *http.Client {
	return &http.Client{Transport: t}
}

// setSessionObject attempts to authenticate the user and set
// the session object (e.g. cookie)
func (t *CookieAuthTransport) setSessionObject() error {
	req, err := t.buildAuthRequest()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var authClient = &http.Client{
		Timeout: time.Second * 60,
	}
	resp, err := authClient.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	t.SessionObject = resp.Cookies()
	return nil
}

// getAuthRequest assembles the request to get the authenticated cookie
func (t *CookieAuthTransport) buildAuthRequest() (*http.Request, error) {
	body := struct {
		Username string `json:"username"`
		Password string `json:"password"`
	}{
		t.Username,
		t.Password,
	}

	b := new(bytes.Buffer)
	json.NewEncoder(b).Encode(body)

	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", t.AuthURL, b)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	return req, nil
}

func (t *CookieAuthTransport) transport() http.RoundTripper {
	if t.Transport != nil {
		return t.Transport
	}
	return http.DefaultTransport
}

// JWTAuthTransport is an http.RoundTripper that authenticates all requests
// using Jira's JWT based authentication.
//
// NOTE: this form of auth should be used by add-ons installed from the Atlassian marketplace.
//
// Jira docs: https://developer.atlassian.com/cloud/jira/platform/understanding-jwt
// Examples in other languages:
//    https://bitbucket.org/atlassian/atlassian-jwt-ruby/src/d44a8e7a4649e4f23edaa784402655fda7c816ea/lib/atlassian/jwt.rb
//    https://bitbucket.org/atlassian/atlassian-jwt-py/src/master/atlassian_jwt/url_utils.py
type JWTAuthTransport struct {
	Secret []byte
	Issuer string

	// Transport is the underlying HTTP transport to use when making requests.
	// It will default to http.DefaultTransport if nil.
	Transport http.RoundTripper
}

func (t *JWTAuthTransport) Client() *http.Client {
	return &http.Client{Transport: t}
}

func (t *JWTAuthTransport) transport() http.RoundTripper {
	if t.Transport != nil {
		return t.Transport
	}
	return http.DefaultTransport
}

// RoundTrip adds the session object to the request.
func (t *JWTAuthTransport) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	req2 := cloneRequest(req) // per RoundTripper contract
	exp := time.Duration(59) * time.Second
	qsh := t.createQueryStringHash(req.Method, req2.URL)
	token := jwt.NewWithClaims(jwt.SigningMethodHS256, jwt.MapClaims{
		"iss": t.Issuer,
		"iat": time.Now().Unix(),
		"exp": time.Now().Add(exp).Unix(),
		"qsh": qsh,
	})

	jwtStr, err := token.SignedString(t.Secret)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "jwtAuth: error signing JWT")
	}

	req2.Header.Set("Authorization", fmt.Sprintf("JWT %s", jwtStr))
	return t.transport().RoundTrip(req2)
}

func (t *JWTAuthTransport) createQueryStringHash(httpMethod string, jiraURL *url.URL) string {
	canonicalRequest := t.canonicalizeRequest(httpMethod, jiraURL)
	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte(canonicalRequest))
	return hex.EncodeToString(h[:])
}

func (t *JWTAuthTransport) canonicalizeRequest(httpMethod string, jiraURL *url.URL) string {
	path := "/" + strings.Replace(strings.Trim(jiraURL.Path, "/"), "&", "%26", -1)

	var canonicalQueryString []string
	for k, v := range jiraURL.Query() {
		if k == "jwt" {
			continue
		}
		param := url.QueryEscape(k)
		value := url.QueryEscape(strings.Join(v, ""))
		canonicalQueryString = append(canonicalQueryString, strings.Replace(strings.Join([]string{param, value}, "="), "+", "%20", -1))
	}
	sort.Strings(canonicalQueryString)
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s&%s&%s", strings.ToUpper(httpMethod), path, strings.Join(canonicalQueryString, "&"))
}

// cloneRequest returns a clone of the provided *http.Request.
// The clone is a shallow copy of the struct and its Header map.
func cloneRequest(r *http.Request) *http.Request {
	// shallow copy of the struct
	r2 := new(http.Request)
	*r2 = *r
	// deep copy of the Header
	r2.Header = make(http.Header, len(r.Header))
	for k, s := range r.Header {
		r2.Header[k] = append([]string(nil), s...)
	}
	return r2
}