crawler.js

const child_process = require("child_process");
const path = require("path");
const fs = require("fs");
const fsp = require("fs/promises");

// to ignore HTTPS error for HEAD check
const HTTPS_AGENT = require("https").Agent({
  rejectUnauthorized: false,
});

const HTTP_AGENT = require("http").Agent();

const fetch = require("node-fetch");
const puppeteer = require("puppeteer-core");
const { Cluster } = require("puppeteer-cluster");
const AbortController = require("abort-controller");
const Sitemapper = require("sitemapper");
const { v4: uuidv4 } = require("uuid");
const Redis = require("ioredis");

const warcio = require("warcio");

const behaviors = fs.readFileSync("/app/node_modules/browsertrix-behaviors/dist/behaviors.js", "utf-8");

const  TextExtract  = require("./util/textextract");
const { ScreenCaster } = require("./util/screencaster");
const { parseArgs } = require("./util/argParser");

const { getBrowserExe, loadProfile } = require("./util/browser");

const { BEHAVIOR_LOG_FUNC, HTML_TYPES, DEFAULT_SELECTORS } = require("./util/constants");

const { BlockRules } = require("./util/blockrules");


// ============================================================================
class Crawler {
  constructor() {
    this.headers = {};
    this.seenList = new Set();

    this.emulateDevice = null;

    // links crawled counter
    this.numLinks = 0;

    // pages file
    this.pagesFH = null;

    // was the limit hit?
    this.limitHit = false;

    this.userAgent = "";

    this.params = parseArgs();

    this.debugLogging = this.params.logging.includes("debug");

    this.profileDir = loadProfile(this.params.profile);

    if (this.params.profile) {
      this.statusLog("With Browser Profile: " + this.params.profile);
    }

    this.emulateDevice = this.params.emulateDevice;

    this.debugLog("Seeds", this.params.scopedSeeds);

    this.captureBasePrefix = `http://${process.env.PROXY_HOST}:${process.env.PROXY_PORT}/${this.params.collection}/record`;
    this.capturePrefix = this.captureBasePrefix + "/id_/";

    this.gotoOpts = {
      waitUntil: this.params.waitUntil,
      timeout: this.params.timeout
    };

    // root collections dir
    this.collDir = path.join(this.params.cwd, "collections", this.params.collection);

    // pages directory
    this.pagesDir = path.join(this.collDir, "pages");

    // pages file
    this.pagesFile = path.join(this.pagesDir, "pages.jsonl");

    this.blockRules = null;
  }

  statusLog(...args) {
    console.log(...args);
  }

  debugLog(...args) {
    if (this.debugLogging) {
      console.log(...args);
    }
  }

  configureUA() {
    // override userAgent
    if (this.params.userAgent) {

      if (this.emulateDevice) {
        this.emulateDevice.userAgent = this.params.userAgent;
      }

      this.userAgent = this.params.userAgent;
      return;
    }

    this.browserExe = getBrowserExe();

    // if device set, it overrides the default Chrome UA
    if (this.emulateDevice) {
      this.userAgent = this.emulateDevice.userAgent;
    } else {
      let version = process.env.BROWSER_VERSION;

      try {
        version = child_process.execFileSync(this.browserExe, ["--product-version"], {encoding: "utf8"}).trim();
      } catch(e) {
        console.error(e);
      }

      this.userAgent = `Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/${version} Safari/537.36`;
    }

    // suffix to append to default userAgent
    if (this.params.userAgentSuffix) {
      this.userAgent += " " + this.params.userAgentSuffix;

      if (this.emulateDevice) {
        this.emulateDevice.userAgent += " " + this.params.userAgentSuffix;
      }
    }
  }

  bootstrap() {
    let opts = {};
    if (this.params.logging.includes("pywb")) {
      opts = {stdio: "inherit", cwd: this.params.cwd};
    }
    else{
      opts = {stdio: "ignore", cwd: this.params.cwd};
    }

    this.configureUA();

    this.headers = {"User-Agent": this.userAgent};

    const subprocesses = [];

    subprocesses.push(child_process.spawn("redis-server", {...opts, cwd: "/tmp/"}));

    child_process.spawnSync("wb-manager", ["init", this.params.collection], opts);

    opts.env = {...process.env, COLL: this.params.collection, ROLLOVER_SIZE: this.params.rolloverSize};

    subprocesses.push(child_process.spawn("uwsgi", [path.join(__dirname, "uwsgi.ini")], opts));

    process.on("exit", () => {
      for (const proc of subprocesses) {
        proc.kill();
      }
    });

    if (!this.params.headless) {
      child_process.spawn("Xvfb", [
        process.env.DISPLAY,
        "-listen",
        "tcp",
        "-screen",
        "0",
        process.env.GEOMETRY,
        "-ac",
        "+extension",
        "RANDR"
      ]);
    }
  }

  get chromeArgs() {
    // Chrome Flags, including proxy server
    return [
      "--no-xshm", // needed for Chrome >80 (check if puppeteer adds automatically)
      `--proxy-server=http://${process.env.PROXY_HOST}:${process.env.PROXY_PORT}`,
      "--no-sandbox",
      "--disable-background-media-suspend",
      "--autoplay-policy=no-user-gesture-required",
      "--disable-features=IsolateOrigins,site-per-process",
      "--disable-popup-blocking",
      "--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows",
    ];
  }

  get puppeteerArgs() {
    // Puppeter Options
    return {
      headless: this.params.headless,
      executablePath: this.browserExe,
      ignoreHTTPSErrors: true,
      args: this.chromeArgs,
      userDataDir: this.profileDir,
      defaultViewport: null,
    };
  }

  async run() {
    await fsp.mkdir(this.params.cwd, {recursive: true});

    this.bootstrap();

    try {
      await this.crawl();
      process.exit(0);
    } catch(e) {
      console.error("Crawl failed");
      console.error(e);
      process.exit(1);
    }
  }

  _behaviorLog({data, type}) {
    switch (type) {
    case "info":
      console.log(JSON.stringify(data));
      break;

    case "debug":
    default:
      if (this.params.behaviorsLogDebug) {
        console.log("behavior debug: " + JSON.stringify(data));
      }
    }
  }

  async crawlPage({page, data}) {
    try {
      if (this.screencaster) {
        await this.screencaster.newTarget(page.target());
      }

      if (this.emulateDevice) {
        await page.emulate(this.emulateDevice);
      }

      if (this.params.profile) {
        await page._client.send("Network.setBypassServiceWorker", {bypass: true});
      }

      if (this.params.behaviorOpts && !page.__bx_inited) {
        await page.exposeFunction(BEHAVIOR_LOG_FUNC, (logdata) => this._behaviorLog(logdata));
        await page.evaluateOnNewDocument(behaviors + `;\nself.__bx_behaviors.init(${this.params.behaviorOpts});`);
        page.__bx_inited = true;
      }

      // run custom driver here
      await this.driver({page, data, crawler: this});


      const title = await page.title();
      let text = "";
      if (this.params.text) {
        const client = await page.target().createCDPSession();
        const result = await client.send("DOM.getDocument", {"depth": -1, "pierce": true});
        text = await new TextExtract(result).parseTextFromDom();
      }

      await this.writePage(data.url, title, this.params.text, text);

      if (this.params.behaviorOpts) {
        await Promise.allSettled(page.frames().map(frame => frame.evaluate("self.__bx_behaviors.run();")));
      }

      await this.writeStats();

      if (this.screencaster) {
        await this.screencaster.endTarget(page.target());
      }

    } catch (e) {
      console.warn(e);
    }
  }

  async createWARCInfo(filename) {
    const warcVersion = "WARC/1.0";
    const type = "warcinfo";
    const packageFileJSON = JSON.parse(await fsp.readFile("../app/package.json"));
    const warcioPackageJSON = JSON.parse(await fsp.readFile("/app/node_modules/warcio/package.json"));
    const pywbVersion = child_process.execSync("pywb -V", {encoding: "utf8"}).trim().split(" ")[1];

    const info = {
      "software": `Browsertrix-Crawler ${packageFileJSON.version} (with warcio.js ${warcioPackageJSON.version} pywb ${pywbVersion})`,
      "format": "WARC File Format 1.0"
    };
    
    const warcInfo = {...info, ...this.params.warcInfo, };
    const record = await warcio.WARCRecord.createWARCInfo({filename, type, warcVersion}, warcInfo);
    const buffer = await warcio.WARCSerializer.serialize(record, {gzip: true});
    return buffer;
  }

  async getFileSize(filename) {
    const stats = await fsp.stat(filename);
    return stats.size;
  }

  async crawl() {

    try {
      this.driver = require(this.params.driver);
    } catch(e) {
      console.warn(e);
      return;
    }

    // Puppeteer Cluster init and options
    this.cluster = await Cluster.launch({
      concurrency: this.params.newContext,
      maxConcurrency: this.params.workers,
      skipDuplicateUrls: true,
      timeout: this.params.timeout * 2,
      puppeteerOptions: this.puppeteerArgs,
      puppeteer,
      monitor: this.params.logging.includes("stats")
    });

    this.cluster.task((opts) => this.crawlPage(opts));

    await this.initPages();

    if (this.params.blockRules && this.params.blockRules.length) {
      this.blockRules = new BlockRules(this.params.blockRules, this.captureBasePrefix, this.params.blockMessage, (text) => this.debugLog(text));
    }

    if (this.params.screencastPort) {
      this.screencaster = new ScreenCaster(this.cluster, this.params.screencastPort);
      this.debugLog(`Screencast Server started on: ${this.params.screencastPort}`);
    }

    for (let i = 0; i < this.params.scopedSeeds.length; i++) {
      const seed = this.params.scopedSeeds[i];
      this.queueUrl(i, seed.url, 0);

      if (seed.sitemap) {
        await this.parseSitemap(seed.sitemap, i);
      }
    }

    await this.cluster.idle();
    await this.cluster.close();

    this.writeStats();

    if (this.pagesFH) {
      await this.pagesFH.sync();
      await this.pagesFH.close();
    }

    // extra wait for all resources to land into WARCs
    await this.awaitPendingClear();

    if (this.params.combineWARC) {
      await this.combineWARC();
    }

    if (this.params.generateCDX) {
      this.statusLog("Generating CDX");

      child_process.spawnSync("wb-manager", ["reindex", this.params.collection], {stdio: "inherit", cwd: this.params.cwd});
    }

    if (this.params.generateWACZ) {
      this.statusLog("Generating WACZ");

      const archiveDir = path.join(this.collDir, "archive");

      // Get a list of the warcs inside
      const warcFileList = await fsp.readdir(archiveDir);

      // Build the argument list to pass to the wacz create command
      const waczFilename = this.params.collection.concat(".wacz");
      const waczPath = path.join(this.collDir, waczFilename);
      const argument_list = ["create", "-o", waczPath, "--pages", this.pagesFile, "-f"];
      warcFileList.forEach((val, index) => argument_list.push(path.join(archiveDir, val))); // eslint-disable-line  no-unused-vars

      // Run the wacz create command
      child_process.spawnSync("wacz" , argument_list, {stdio: "inherit"});
      this.debugLog(`WACZ successfully generated and saved to: ${waczPath}`);
    }
  }

  async writeStats() {
    if (this.params.statsFilename) {
      const total = this.cluster.allTargetCount;
      const workersRunning = this.cluster.workersBusy.length;
      const numCrawled = total - this.cluster.jobQueue.size() - workersRunning;
      const limit = {max: this.params.limit || 0, hit: this.limitHit};
      const stats = {numCrawled, workersRunning, total, limit};

      try {
        await fsp.writeFile(this.params.statsFilename, JSON.stringify(stats, null, 2));
      } catch (err) {
        console.warn("Stats output failed", err);
      }
    }
  }

  async loadPage(page, urlData, selectorOptsList = DEFAULT_SELECTORS) {
    const {url, seedId, depth} = urlData;

    if (!await this.isHTML(url)) {
      try {
        await this.directFetchCapture(url);
        return;
      } catch (e) {
        // ignore failed direct fetch attempt, do browser-based capture
      }
    }

    if (this.blockRules) {
      await this.blockRules.initPage(page);
    }

    try {
      await page.goto(url, this.gotoOpts);
    } catch (e) {
      console.warn(`Load timeout for ${url}`, e);
    }

    const seed = this.params.scopedSeeds[seedId];

    // skip extraction if at max depth
    if (seed.isAtMaxDepth(depth) || !selectorOptsList) {
      return;
    }

    for (const opts of selectorOptsList) {
      const links = await this.extractLinks(page, opts);
      this.queueInScopeUrls(seedId, links, depth);
    }
  }

  async extractLinks(page, {selector = "a[href]", extract = "href", isAttribute = false} = {}) {
    const results = [];

    const loadProp = (selector, extract) => {
      return [...document.querySelectorAll(selector)].map(elem => elem[extract]);
    };

    const loadAttr = (selector, extract) => {
      return [...document.querySelectorAll(selector)].map(elem => elem.getAttribute(extract));
    };

    const loadFunc = isAttribute ? loadAttr : loadProp;

    try {
      const linkResults = await Promise.allSettled(page.frames().map(frame => frame.evaluate(loadFunc, selector, extract)));

      if (linkResults) {
        for (const linkResult of linkResults) {
          if (!linkResult.value) continue;
          for (const link of linkResult.value) {
            results.push(link);
          }
        }
      }

    } catch (e) {
      console.warn("Link Extraction failed", e);
    }
    return results;
  }

  queueInScopeUrls(seedId, urls, depth) {
    try {
      depth += 1;
      const seed = this.params.scopedSeeds[seedId];

      for (const url of urls) {
        const captureUrl = seed.isIncluded(url, depth);

        if (captureUrl) {
          this.queueUrl(seedId, captureUrl, depth);
        }
      }
    } catch (e) {
      console.error("Queuing Error: ", e);
    }
  }

  queueUrl(seedId, url, depth) {
    if (this.seenList.has(url)) {
      return false;
    }

    this.seenList.add(url);
    if (this.numLinks >= this.params.limit && this.params.limit > 0) {
      this.limitHit = true;
      return false;
    }
    this.numLinks++;
    this.cluster.queue({url, seedId, depth});
    return true;
  }

  async initPages() {
    try {
      let createNew = false;

      // create pages dir if doesn't exist and write pages.jsonl header
      if (fs.existsSync(this.pagesDir) != true){
        await fsp.mkdir(this.pagesDir);
        createNew = true;
      }

      this.pagesFH = await fsp.open(this.pagesFile, "a");

      if (createNew) {
        const header = {"format": "json-pages-1.0", "id": "pages", "title": "All Pages"};
        if (this.params.text) {
          header["hasText"] = true;
          this.statusLog("Text Extraction: Enabled");
        } else {
          header["hasText"] = false;
          this.statusLog("Text Extraction: Disabled");
        }
        const header_formatted = JSON.stringify(header).concat("\n");
        await this.pagesFH.writeFile(header_formatted);
      }

    } catch(err) {
      console.error("pages/pages.jsonl creation failed", err);
    }
  }

  async writePage(url, title, text, text_content){
    const id = uuidv4();
    const row = {"id": id, "url": url, "title": title};

    if (text == true){
      row["text"] = text_content;
    }

    const processedRow = JSON.stringify(row).concat("\n");
    try {
      this.pagesFH.writeFile(processedRow);
    }
    catch (err) {
      console.warn("pages/pages.jsonl append failed", err);
    }
  }

  resolveAgent(urlParsed) {
    return urlParsed.protocol === "https:" ? HTTPS_AGENT : HTTP_AGENT;
  }

  async isHTML(url) {
    try {
      const resp = await fetch(url, {
        method: "HEAD",
        headers: this.headers,
        agent: this.resolveAgent
      });
      if (resp.status >= 400) {
        this.debugLog(`Skipping HEAD check ${url}, invalid status ${resp.status}`);
        return true;
      }

      const contentType = resp.headers.get("Content-Type");

      // just load if no content-type
      if (!contentType) {
        return true;
      }

      const mime = contentType.split(";")[0];

      if (HTML_TYPES.includes(mime)) {
        return true;
      }

      return false;
    } catch(e) {
      // can't confirm not html, so try in browser
      return true;
    }
  }

  async directFetchCapture(url) {
    //console.log(`Direct capture: ${this.capturePrefix}${url}`);
    const abort = new AbortController();
    const signal = abort.signal;
    await fetch(this.capturePrefix + url, {signal, headers: this.headers});
    abort.abort();
  }

  async awaitPendingClear() {
    this.statusLog("Waiting to ensure pending data is written to WARCs...");

    const redis = new Redis("redis://localhost/0");

    while (true) {
      const res = await redis.get(`pywb:${this.params.collection}:pending`);
      if (res === "0" || !res) {
        break;
      }

      this.debugLog(`Still waiting for ${res} pending requests to finish...`);

      await this.sleep(1000);
    }
  }

  sleep(time) {
    return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, time));
  }

  async parseSitemap(url, seedId) {
    const sitemapper = new Sitemapper({
      url,
      timeout: 15000,
      requestHeaders: this.headers
    });

    try {
      const { sites } = await sitemapper.fetch();
      this.queueInScopeUrls(seedId, sites, 0);
    } catch(e) {
      console.warn(e);
    }
  }

  async combineWARC() {
    this.statusLog("Generating Combined WARCs");

    // Get the list of created Warcs
    const warcLists = await fsp.readdir(path.join(this.collDir, "archive"));

    this.debugLog(`Combining ${warcLists.length} WARCs...`);

    const fileSizeObjects = []; // Used to sort the created warc by fileSize

    // Go through a list of the created works and create an array sorted by their filesize with the largest file first.
    for (let i = 0; i < warcLists.length; i++) {
      let fileName = path.join(this.collDir, "archive", warcLists[i]);
      let fileSize = await this.getFileSize(fileName);
      fileSizeObjects.push({"fileSize": fileSize, "fileName": fileName});
      fileSizeObjects.sort(function(a, b){
        return b.fileSize - a.fileSize;
      });
    }

    const generatedCombinedWarcs = [];

    // Used to name combined warcs, default to -1 for first increment
    let combinedWarcNumber = -1;

    // write combine WARC to collection root
    let combinedWarcFullPath = "";

    // fileHandler
    let fh = null;

    // Iterate through the sorted file size array.
    for (let j = 0; j < fileSizeObjects.length; j++) {

      // if need to rollover to new warc
      let doRollover = false;

      // set to true for first warc
      if (combinedWarcNumber < 0) {
        doRollover = true;
      } else {
        // Check the size of the existing combined warc.
        const currentCombinedWarcSize = await this.getFileSize(combinedWarcFullPath);

        //  If adding the current warc to the existing combined file creates a file smaller than the rollover size add the data to the combinedWarc
        const proposedWarcSize = fileSizeObjects[j].fileSize + currentCombinedWarcSize;

        doRollover = (proposedWarcSize >= this.params.rolloverSize);
      }

      if (doRollover) {
        // If adding the current warc to the existing combined file creates a file larger than the rollover size do the following:
        // 1. increment the combinedWarcNumber
        // 2. create the name of the new combinedWarcFile
        // 3. Write the header out to the new file
        // 4. Write out the current warc data to the combinedFile
        combinedWarcNumber = combinedWarcNumber + 1;

        const combinedWarcName = `${this.params.collection}_${combinedWarcNumber}.warc.gz`;

        // write combined warcs to root collection dir as they're output of a collection (like wacz)
        combinedWarcFullPath = path.join(this.collDir, combinedWarcName);

        if (fh) {
          fh.end();
        }

        fh = fs.createWriteStream(combinedWarcFullPath, {flags: "a"});

        generatedCombinedWarcs.push(combinedWarcName);

        const warcBuffer = await this.createWARCInfo(combinedWarcName);
        fh.write(warcBuffer);
      }

      this.debugLog(`Appending WARC ${fileSizeObjects[j].fileName}`);

      const reader = fs.createReadStream(fileSizeObjects[j].fileName);

      const p = new Promise((resolve) => {
        reader.on("end", () => resolve());
      });

      reader.pipe(fh, {end: false});

      await p;
    }

    if (fh) {
      await fh.end();
    }

    this.debugLog(`Combined WARCs saved as: ${generatedCombinedWarcs}`);
  }
}

module.exports.Crawler = Crawler;