websocket-server.js

'use strict';

const safeBuffer = require('safe-buffer');
const EventEmitter = require('events');
const crypto = require('crypto');
const http = require('http');
const url = require('url');

const PerMessageDeflate = require('./permessage-deflate');
const extension = require('./extension');
const constants = require('./constants');
const WebSocket = require('./websocket');

const Buffer = safeBuffer.Buffer;

/**
 * Class representing a WebSocket server.
 *
 * @extends EventEmitter
 */
class WebSocketServer extends EventEmitter {
  /**
   * Create a `WebSocketServer` instance.
   *
   * @param {Object} options Configuration options
   * @param {String} options.host The hostname where to bind the server
   * @param {Number} options.port The port where to bind the server
   * @param {http.Server} options.server A pre-created HTTP/S server to use
   * @param {Function} options.verifyClient An hook to reject connections
   * @param {Function} options.handleProtocols An hook to handle protocols
   * @param {String} options.path Accept only connections matching this path
   * @param {Boolean} options.noServer Enable no server mode
   * @param {Boolean} options.clientTracking Specifies whether or not to track clients
   * @param {(Boolean|Object)} options.perMessageDeflate Enable/disable permessage-deflate
   * @param {Number} options.maxPayload The maximum allowed message size
   * @param {Function} callback A listener for the `listening` event
   */
  constructor (options, callback) {
    super();

    options = Object.assign({
      maxPayload: 100 * 1024 * 1024,
      perMessageDeflate: false,
      handleProtocols: null,
      clientTracking: true,
      verifyClient: null,
      noServer: false,
      backlog: null, // use default (511 as implemented in net.js)
      server: null,
      host: null,
      path: null,
      port: null
    }, options);

    if (options.port == null && !options.server && !options.noServer) {
      throw new TypeError(
        'One of the "port", "server", or "noServer" options must be specified'
      );
    }

    if (options.port != null) {
      this._server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
        const body = http.STATUS_CODES[426];

        res.writeHead(426, {
          'Content-Length': body.length,
          'Content-Type': 'text/plain'
        });
        res.end(body);
      });
      this._server.listen(options.port, options.host, options.backlog, callback);
    } else if (options.server) {
      this._server = options.server;
    }

    if (this._server) {
      this._removeListeners = addListeners(this._server, {
        listening: this.emit.bind(this, 'listening'),
        error: this.emit.bind(this, 'error'),
        upgrade: (req, socket, head) => {
          this.handleUpgrade(req, socket, head, (ws) => {
            this.emit('connection', ws, req);
          });
        }
      });
    }

    if (options.perMessageDeflate === true) options.perMessageDeflate = {};
    if (options.clientTracking) this.clients = new Set();
    this.options = options;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the bound address, the address family name, and port of the server
   * as reported by the operating system if listening on an IP socket.
   * If the server is listening on a pipe or UNIX domain socket, the name is
   * returned as a string.
   *
   * @return {(Object|String|null)} The address of the server
   * @public
   */
  address () {
    if (this.options.noServer) {
      throw new Error('The server is operating in "noServer" mode');
    }

    if (!this._server) return null;
    return this._server.address();
  }

  /**
   * Close the server.
   *
   * @param {Function} cb Callback
   * @public
   */
  close (cb) {
    //
    // Terminate all associated clients.
    //
    if (this.clients) {
      for (const client of this.clients) client.terminate();
    }

    const server = this._server;

    if (server) {
      this._removeListeners();
      this._removeListeners = this._server = null;

      //
      // Close the http server if it was internally created.
      //
      if (this.options.port != null) return server.close(cb);
    }

    if (cb) cb();
  }

  /**
   * See if a given request should be handled by this server instance.
   *
   * @param {http.IncomingMessage} req Request object to inspect
   * @return {Boolean} `true` if the request is valid, else `false`
   * @public
   */
  shouldHandle (req) {
    if (this.options.path && url.parse(req.url).pathname !== this.options.path) {
      return false;
    }

    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Handle a HTTP Upgrade request.
   *
   * @param {http.IncomingMessage} req The request object
   * @param {net.Socket} socket The network socket between the server and client
   * @param {Buffer} head The first packet of the upgraded stream
   * @param {Function} cb Callback
   * @public
   */
  handleUpgrade (req, socket, head, cb) {
    socket.on('error', socketOnError);

    const version = +req.headers['sec-websocket-version'];
    const extensions = {};

    if (
      req.method !== 'GET' || req.headers.upgrade.toLowerCase() !== 'websocket' ||
      !req.headers['sec-websocket-key'] || (version !== 8 && version !== 13) ||
      !this.shouldHandle(req)
    ) {
      return abortConnection(socket, 400);
    }

    if (this.options.perMessageDeflate) {
      const perMessageDeflate = new PerMessageDeflate(
        this.options.perMessageDeflate,
        true,
        this.options.maxPayload
      );

      try {
        const offers = extension.parse(
          req.headers['sec-websocket-extensions']
        );

        if (offers[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]) {
          perMessageDeflate.accept(offers[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]);
          extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName] = perMessageDeflate;
        }
      } catch (err) {
        return abortConnection(socket, 400);
      }
    }

    //
    // Optionally call external client verification handler.
    //
    if (this.options.verifyClient) {
      const info = {
        origin: req.headers[`${version === 8 ? 'sec-websocket-origin' : 'origin'}`],
        secure: !!(req.connection.authorized || req.connection.encrypted),
        req
      };

      if (this.options.verifyClient.length === 2) {
        this.options.verifyClient(info, (verified, code, message) => {
          if (!verified) return abortConnection(socket, code || 401, message);

          this.completeUpgrade(extensions, req, socket, head, cb);
        });
        return;
      }

      if (!this.options.verifyClient(info)) return abortConnection(socket, 401);
    }

    this.completeUpgrade(extensions, req, socket, head, cb);
  }

  /**
   * Upgrade the connection to WebSocket.
   *
   * @param {Object} extensions The accepted extensions
   * @param {http.IncomingMessage} req The request object
   * @param {net.Socket} socket The network socket between the server and client
   * @param {Buffer} head The first packet of the upgraded stream
   * @param {Function} cb Callback
   * @private
   */
  completeUpgrade (extensions, req, socket, head, cb) {
    //
    // Destroy the socket if the client has already sent a FIN packet.
    //
    if (!socket.readable || !socket.writable) return socket.destroy();

    const key = crypto.createHash('sha1')
      .update(req.headers['sec-websocket-key'] + constants.GUID, 'binary')
      .digest('base64');

    const headers = [
      'HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols',
      'Upgrade: websocket',
      'Connection: Upgrade',
      `Sec-WebSocket-Accept: ${key}`
    ];

    const ws = new WebSocket(null);
    var protocol = req.headers['sec-websocket-protocol'];

    if (protocol) {
      protocol = protocol.trim().split(/ *, */);

      //
      // Optionally call external protocol selection handler.
      //
      if (this.options.handleProtocols) {
        protocol = this.options.handleProtocols(protocol, req);
      } else {
        protocol = protocol[0];
      }

      if (protocol) {
        headers.push(`Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: ${protocol}`);
        ws.protocol = protocol;
      }
    }

    if (extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]) {
      const params = extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName].params;
      const value = extension.format({
        [PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]: [params]
      });
      headers.push(`Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: ${value}`);
      ws._extensions = extensions;
    }

    //
    // Allow external modification/inspection of handshake headers.
    //
    this.emit('headers', headers, req);

    socket.write(headers.concat('\r\n').join('\r\n'));
    socket.removeListener('error', socketOnError);

    ws.setSocket(socket, head, this.options.maxPayload);

    if (this.clients) {
      this.clients.add(ws);
      ws.on('close', () => this.clients.delete(ws));
    }

    cb(ws);
  }
}

module.exports = WebSocketServer;

/**
 * Add event listeners on an `EventEmitter` using a map of <event, listener>
 * pairs.
 *
 * @param {EventEmitter} server The event emitter
 * @param {Object.<String, Function>} map The listeners to add
 * @return {Function} A function that will remove the added listeners when called
 * @private
 */
function addListeners (server, map) {
  for (const event of Object.keys(map)) server.on(event, map[event]);

  return function removeListeners () {
    for (const event of Object.keys(map)) {
      server.removeListener(event, map[event]);
    }
  };
}

/**
 * Handle premature socket errors.
 *
 * @private
 */
function socketOnError () {
  this.destroy();
}

/**
 * Close the connection when preconditions are not fulfilled.
 *
 * @param {net.Socket} socket The socket of the upgrade request
 * @param {Number} code The HTTP response status code
 * @param {String} [message] The HTTP response body
 * @private
 */
function abortConnection (socket, code, message) {
  if (socket.writable) {
    message = message || http.STATUS_CODES[code];
    socket.write(
      `HTTP/1.1 ${code} ${http.STATUS_CODES[code]}\r\n` +
      'Connection: close\r\n' +
      'Content-type: text/html\r\n' +
      `Content-Length: ${Buffer.byteLength(message)}\r\n` +
      '\r\n' +
      message
    );
  }

  socket.removeListener('error', socketOnError);
  socket.destroy();
}