pbkdf2.erl

% Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
% use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
% the License at
%
%   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
%
% Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
% distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
% WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
% License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
% the License.

-module(pbkdf2).

-export([pbkdf2/4, pbkdf2/5, compare_secure/2, to_hex/1]).


%-type(hex_char() :: $0 .. $9 | $a .. $f).
-type(hex_char() :: 48 .. 57 | 97 .. 102).
-type(hex_list() :: [hex_char()]).


-type digest_func_info() :: md4 | md5 | ripemd160 | sha | sha224 | sha256 | sha384 | sha512.

-type mac_func_info() :: {hmac, digest_func_info()} | digest_func_info().


-define(MAX_DERIVED_KEY_LENGTH, (1 bsl 32 - 1)).

%======================================================================================================================
% Public API

-spec pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations) -> {ok, Key} | {error, derived_key_too_long} when
	MacFunc :: mac_func_info(),
	Password :: binary(),
	Salt :: binary(),
	Iterations :: integer(),
	Key :: binary().

pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations) ->
	MacFunc1 = resolve_mac_func(MacFunc),
	DerivedLength = byte_size(MacFunc1(<<"test key">>, <<"test data">>)),
	pbkdf2(MacFunc1, Password, Salt, Iterations, DerivedLength, 1, []).

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-spec pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, DerivedLength) -> {ok, Key} | {error, derived_key_too_long} when
	MacFunc :: mac_func_info(),
	Password :: binary(),
	Salt :: binary(),
	Iterations :: integer(),
	DerivedLength :: integer(),
	Key :: binary().

pbkdf2(_MacFunc, _Password, _Salt, _Iterations, DerivedLength) when DerivedLength > ?MAX_DERIVED_KEY_LENGTH ->
	{error, derived_key_too_long};

pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, DerivedLength) ->
	MacFunc1 = resolve_mac_func(MacFunc),
	Bin = pbkdf2(MacFunc1, Password, Salt, Iterations, DerivedLength, 1, []),
	{ok, Bin}.

%======================================================================================================================
% Internal Functions

-spec pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, DerivedLength, BlockIndex, Acc) -> Key when
	MacFunc :: mac_func_info(),
	Password :: binary(),
	Salt :: binary(),
	Iterations :: integer(),
	DerivedLength :: integer(),
	BlockIndex :: integer(),
	Acc :: iolist(),
	Key :: binary().

pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, DerivedLength, BlockIndex, Acc) ->
	case iolist_size(Acc) > DerivedLength of
		true ->
			<<Bin:DerivedLength/binary, _/binary>> = iolist_to_binary(lists:reverse(Acc)),
			Bin;
		false ->
			Block = pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, BlockIndex, 1, <<>>, <<>>),
			pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, DerivedLength, BlockIndex + 1, [Block | Acc])
	end.

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-spec pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, BlockIndex, Iteration, Prev, Acc) -> Key when
	MacFunc :: mac_func_info(),
	Password :: binary(),
	Salt :: binary(),
	Iterations :: integer(),
	BlockIndex :: integer(),
	Iteration :: integer(),
	Prev :: binary(),
	Acc :: binary(),
	Key :: binary().

pbkdf2(_MacFunc, _Password, _Salt, Iterations, _BlockIndex, Iteration, _Prev, Acc) when Iteration > Iterations ->
	Acc;

pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, BlockIndex, 1, _Prev, _Acc) ->
	InitialBlock = MacFunc(Password, <<Salt/binary, BlockIndex:32/integer>>),
	pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, BlockIndex, 2, InitialBlock, InitialBlock);

pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, BlockIndex, Iteration, Prev, Acc) ->
	Next = MacFunc(Password, Prev),
	pbkdf2(MacFunc, Password, Salt, Iterations, BlockIndex, Iteration + 1, Next, crypto:exor(Next, Acc)).

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

%-type mac_func_info() :: mac_func() | {hmac, digest_func_info()}
%	| md4 | md5 | ripemd160 | sha | sha224 | sha256 | sha384 | sha512.

resolve_mac_func({hmac, DigestFunc}) ->
	fun(Key, Data) ->
		%crypto:hmac(DigestFunc, Key, Data)
		HMAC = crypto:hmac_init(DigestFunc, Key),
		HMAC1 = crypto:hmac_update(HMAC, Data),
		crypto:hmac_final(HMAC1)
	end;

resolve_mac_func(MacFunc) when is_function(MacFunc) ->
	MacFunc;

resolve_mac_func(md4) -> resolve_mac_func({hmac, md4});
resolve_mac_func(md5) -> resolve_mac_func({hmac, md5});
resolve_mac_func(ripemd160) -> resolve_mac_func({hmac, ripemd160});
resolve_mac_func(sha) -> resolve_mac_func({hmac, sha});
resolve_mac_func(sha224) -> resolve_mac_func({hmac, sha224});
resolve_mac_func(sha256) -> resolve_mac_func({hmac, sha256});
resolve_mac_func(sha384) -> resolve_mac_func({hmac, sha384});
resolve_mac_func(sha512) -> resolve_mac_func({hmac, sha512}).

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

%% Compare two strings or binaries for equality without short-circuits to avoid timing attacks.

-spec compare_secure(First, Second) -> boolean() when
	First :: binary() | string(),
	Second :: binary() | string().

compare_secure(<<X/binary>>, <<Y/binary>>) ->
	compare_secure(binary_to_list(X), binary_to_list(Y));

compare_secure(X, Y) when is_list(X) and is_list(Y) ->
	case length(X) == length(Y) of
		true ->
			compare_secure(X, Y, 0);
		false ->
			false
	end;

compare_secure(_X, _Y) -> false.

-spec compare_secure(First, Second, Accum) -> boolean() when
	First :: string(),
	Second :: string(),
	Accum :: integer().

compare_secure([X|RestX], [Y|RestY], Result) ->
	compare_secure(RestX, RestY, (X bxor Y) bor Result);

compare_secure([], [], Result) ->
	Result == 0.

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-spec to_hex(Data) -> HexData when
	Data :: binary() | list(),
	HexData :: binary() | hex_list().

to_hex(<<>>) ->
	<<>>;

to_hex(<<Char:8/integer, Rest/binary>>) ->
	CharHex1 = to_hex_digit(Char div 16),
	CharHex2 = to_hex_digit(Char rem 16),
	RestHex = to_hex(Rest),
	<<CharHex1, CharHex2, RestHex/binary>>;

to_hex([]) ->
	[];

to_hex([Char | Rest]) ->
	[to_hex_digit(Char div 16), to_hex_digit(Char rem 16) | to_hex(Rest)].

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-spec to_hex_digit(Nyble) -> hex_char() when
	Nyble :: 0 .. 15.

to_hex_digit(N) when N < 10 ->
	$0 + N;

to_hex_digit(N) ->
	$a + N - 10.