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te.html
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---
layout: page
---
<!-- ****** -->
<!-- Explain - the introductory/overview box -->
<!-- ****** -->
<section class="page-section">
<div class="container">
<div class="product-item">
<div class="product-item-title d-flex">
<div class="bg-faded p-5 d-flex mr-auto rounded">
<!-- change to ml-auto to push right -->
<div class="section-heading mb-0">
<h2 class="mb-0">
<span class="section-heading-upper">TE: Think of the Next Experiment</span>
<span class="section-heading-lower">Think of the Next Experiment</span>
</h2>
<div class="mt-2" style="text-transform: none">
<p>In this step you will identify questions you have about your paper, and design two new experiments that can answer those questions.</p>
<!-- Steps, Part 1 -->
<div class="card mb-3">
<!-- Step 1.1 -->
<div class="row no-gutters">
<div class="col-md-4">
<!-- Image -->
<a data-toggle="modal" data-target="#step-1-1-info" href="#"><img src="{{ '/img/te_questions_and_problems.png' | absolute_url }}" class="card-img" alt="Abstract representation of paper containing questions and problems with article."></a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-8">
<div class="card-body">
<h3>Generate Questions and Problems</h3>
<p>Make a list with 2-5 items that can include problems with the paper, questions that were not addressed, or questions related to the paper that can be answered in the future.</p>
<p>Here are some questions to help guide your thinking:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Problems with the paper</strong></li>
<ul>
<li>Does the experimental procedure do a good job of answering the research question?</li>
<li>Was the size and scale of the experiment sufficient to answer the question thoroughly?</li>
</ul>
<li><strong>Questions that were not addressed</strong></li>
<ul>
<li>Did you have any questions while reading the paper that were not discussed?</li>
<li>Did the author(s) make any assumptions that require further exploration?</li>
</ul>
<li><strong>Questions that can be answered in the future</strong></li>
<ul>
<li>Did the author(s) mention any ideas for future research in the discussion section?</li>
<li>Do you have any ideas for research questions that could be answered in a future experiment?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<!-- <p class="card-text text-right"><a data-toggle="modal" data-target="#step-1-2-info" href="#"><small class="text-muted">See an example ></small></a></p>-->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- closes out the card -->
<!-- Steps, Part 2 -->
<div class="card mb-3">
<!-- Step 1.2 -->
<div class="row no-gutters">
<div class="col-md-4">
<!-- Image -->
<a data-toggle="modal" data-target="#step-1-2-info" href="#"><img src="{{ '/img/te_next_experiment.png' | absolute_url }}" class="card-img" alt="Abstract representation of paper with two methods cartoons of new experiments."></a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-8">
<div class="card-body">
<h3>Design New Experiments</h3>
<p><em>Let’s ask ourselves, “What experiments should be done next?”</em></p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Brainstorm solutions: </strong>Using the list of questions and problems you just created, spend 5 minutes brainstorming ideas for new experiments that can answer those questions or address those problems.</li>
<li><strong>Design new experiments: </strong>Diagram or cartoon 2 of the new experiments you brainstormed. Include controls and experimental conditions. Your diagram or cartoon should be as specific and detailed as the methods cartoon you created in R.</li>
</ol>
<!-- <p class="card-text text-right"><a data-toggle="modal" data-target="#step-1-1-info" href="#"><small class="text-muted">See an example ></small></a></p>-->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- closes out the card -->
<!-- *** closing out this section *** -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- *** now this section is closed *** -->
<!-- ****** -->
<!-- Demonstrate provide at least two annotated examples - can be slideshow, h5p, ... -->
<!-- ****** -->
<section class="page-section">
<div class="container">
<div class="product-item">
<div class="product-item-title d-flex">
<div class="bg-faded p-5 d-flex mr-auto rounded">
<!-- change to ml-auto to push right -->
<h2 class="section-heading mb-0">
<span class="section-heading-upper">What makes a successful new experiment?</span>
<span class="section-heading-lower">Real student new experiments</span>
</h2>
</div>
</div>
<!-- tab card -->
<div class="row justify-content-center mt-5 mb-5">
<div class="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-11 col-lg-10">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<!-- if you include something here it will be at the top of all tabs -->
<div class="tab-content mt-3 text-center">
<iframe src="https://ccle.ucla.edu/mod/hvp/embed.php?id=2943546" width="779" height="745" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
<script src="https://ccle.ucla.edu/mod/hvp/library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script>
<!--Example 2-->
<h3 class="text-center mt-5">Example 2: <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40168-016-0213-y" target="_blank">Infant Gut Microbiota</a></h3>
<!--Figure 1-->
<div class="card card-body">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md">
<h5 class="text-center">Student Work</h5>
<ol class="text-left">
<li class="mt-3">Preterm infant urine contained higher amounts of bile acid derivatives, which are the main by-product of cholesterol metabolism in liver. Enzymes convert cholesterol to bile acids, so an improper functioning of an enzyme can overproduce bile acids, which can cause liver dysfunction. A follow-up study could be performed to test whether these bile acid byproducts are sticking around, or whether this was only temporary for preterm infants.</li>
<li class="mt-3">The preterm metabolome contains a number of metabolites not seen, or in much lower abundance, in full-term infants. Future directions would be to study whether the microbiota affect the metabolome, and whether modulating the preterm microbiota would restore the metabolomic profile to that of a full-term infant.</li>
<li class="mt-3">Since disturbing the infant microbiota can cause potential lifelong effects/diseases, a follow-up study would be to see if caesarean section birth with antibiotics treatment, preterm, or formula feeding have associations with autoimmune or metabolic diseases. What is the best way to restore natural composition after disruption?</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="col-md">
<h5 class="text-center">Instructor Feedback</h5>
<ul class="text-left">
<li class="mt-3">Great examples of thinking of the next experiment!</li>
<li class="mt-3">The student here takes interesting observations from the paper and proposes experiments to follow up these observations more deeply.</li>
<li class="mt-3">I also like how the 3rd experiment is explicit about what experimental conditions to try and what to compare.</li>
<li class="mt-3">Ideally, these experiments should be cartooned out like the methods diagrams/cartoons.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /tab card -->
<!--
<div class="product-item-description d-flex mr-auto">
<div class="bg-faded p-5 rounded">
<p class="mb-0">These examples show a few different successful approaches to cartooning or making a diagram of future experiments..</p>
<p>Take a look at the examples and click on the "+" icons to learn why each one was successful.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
-->
<!-- ****** -->
<!-- Guide & Enable - the introductory/overview box -->
<!-- ****** -->
<section class="page-section">
<div class="container">
<div class="product-item">
<div class="product-item-title d-flex">
<div class="bg-faded p-5 d-flex mr-auto rounded">
<!-- change to ml-auto to push right -->
<div class="section-heading mb-0">
<h2 class="mb-0">
<!--<span class="section-heading-upper">Guide & Enable</span>-->
<span class="section-heading-lower">Give it a try!</span>
</h2>
<div class="mt-2" style="text-transform: none">
<!--
<h3>Tips & Strategies</h3>
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">"I would recommend including descriptive captions with each cartoon in the methods because sometimes drawings are hard to interpret."</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">A successful learner.</footer>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">"Some insightful advice from a teacher/evaluator."</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">A CREATES teacher.</footer>
</blockquote>
-->
<!-- todo:: find better css for quotes - ideally with a photo of person -->
<h3>Tips & Strategies</h3>
<ul>
<li>For more ideas, read the discussion section of the paper carefully. In this section, the researchers identify limitations of their research, potential applications of their findings, or interesting topics related to their study. Some even propose future experiments — see if you can add something they didn't think of!</li>
<li>You can also think about potential real-life applications of the study and design experiments that explore these applications.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Ready?</h3>
<p>Now you are ready to design your own experiments! When you finish, use this checklist to double-check your work:</p>
<!-- todo:: is there a way to do this w/o it being an input form? -->
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<div class="input-group-prepend">
<div class="input-group-text">
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Checkbox for following text input"> </div><span class="bg-white w-auto border px-3 rounded-right">Make a list of 2-5 questions you have or problems with the paper</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<div class="input-group-prepend">
<div class="input-group-text">
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Checkbox for following text input"> </div><span class="bg-white w-auto border px-3 rounded-right">Brainstorm ideas for experiments that can help answer your questions</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<div class="input-group-prepend">
<div class="input-group-text">
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Checkbox for following text input"> </div><span class="bg-white w-auto border px-3 rounded-right">Choose 2 of the experiments you brainstormed and diagram or cartoon them</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- an optional image/overview can be included here -->
<!-- an image that combines expert learner/teacher quote with visual illustration of tip could be powerful -->
<!--
<img class="product-item-img mx-auto d-flex rounded img-fluid mb-3 mb-lg-0" src="{{ 'img/placeholder.png' | absolute_url }}" alt="A placeholder image.">
-->
<!-- an optional text box to include below the image -->
<!--
<div class="product-item-description d-flex mr-auto">
<div class="bg-faded p-5 rounded">
<div class="mb-0">
<p>This is an optional box of text that you can include below the image if you want to.</p>
<p>Note that without the image, this will overlap with the text box above.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
-->
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!--Navigation at bottom of page-->
<section>
<nav aria-label="Page navigation example">
<ul class="pagination justify-content-center">
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="{{ 'a/' | absolute_url }}" aria-label="Previous">
<span aria-hidden="true">« A</span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item">
<a class="page-link" href="{{ 's/' | absolute_url }}" aria-label="Next">
<span aria-hidden="true">S »</span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</section>
<!-- ********* -->
<!-- modals - these pop up to provide more info about each step -->
<!-- ********* -->
<!-- Modal 1.1 - Pop up with more information -->
<div class="modal fade" id="step-1-1-info" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="More information on step 1.1" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<!--<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">More information on step 1.1</h5>-->
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body"><img src="{{ '/img/te_questions_and_problems.png' | absolute_url }}" class="img-thumbnail img-fluid" alt="Abstract representation of paper containing questions and problems with article.">
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Modal 1.2 - Pop up with more information -->
<div class="modal fade" id="step-1-2-info" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="More information on step 1.2" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<!--<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">More information on step 1.2</h5>-->
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body"><img src="{{ '/img/te_next_experiment.png' | absolute_url }}" class="img-thumbnail img-fluid" alt="Abstract representation of paper with two methods cartoons of new experiments.">
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /modals -->