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bugs.c
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bugs.c
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (C) 1994 Linus Torvalds
*
* Cyrix stuff, June 1998 by:
* - Rafael R. Reilova (moved everything from head.S),
* <rreilova@ececs.uc.edu>
* - Channing Corn (tests & fixes),
* - Andrew D. Balsa (code cleanup).
*/
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/nospec.h>
#include <linux/prctl.h>
#include <linux/sched/smt.h>
#include <linux/pgtable.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
#include <asm/spec-ctrl.h>
#include <asm/cmdline.h>
#include <asm/bugs.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
#include <asm/fpu/api.h>
#include <asm/msr.h>
#include <asm/vmx.h>
#include <asm/paravirt.h>
#include <asm/intel-family.h>
#include <asm/e820/api.h>
#include <asm/hypervisor.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/cpu.h>
#include "cpu.h"
static void __init spectre_v1_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init spectre_v2_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init retbleed_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init spectre_v2_user_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init ssb_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init l1tf_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init mds_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init md_clear_update_mitigation(void);
static void __init md_clear_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init taa_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init mmio_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init srbds_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init l1d_flush_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init gds_select_mitigation(void);
static void __init srso_select_mitigation(void);
/* The base value of the SPEC_CTRL MSR without task-specific bits set */
u64 x86_spec_ctrl_base;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(x86_spec_ctrl_base);
/* The current value of the SPEC_CTRL MSR with task-specific bits set */
DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, x86_spec_ctrl_current);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(x86_spec_ctrl_current);
u64 x86_pred_cmd __ro_after_init = PRED_CMD_IBPB;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(x86_pred_cmd);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(spec_ctrl_mutex);
void (*x86_return_thunk)(void) __ro_after_init = &__x86_return_thunk;
/* Update SPEC_CTRL MSR and its cached copy unconditionally */
static void update_spec_ctrl(u64 val)
{
this_cpu_write(x86_spec_ctrl_current, val);
wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_SPEC_CTRL, val);
}
/*
* Keep track of the SPEC_CTRL MSR value for the current task, which may differ
* from x86_spec_ctrl_base due to STIBP/SSB in __speculation_ctrl_update().
*/
void update_spec_ctrl_cond(u64 val)
{
if (this_cpu_read(x86_spec_ctrl_current) == val)
return;
this_cpu_write(x86_spec_ctrl_current, val);
/*
* When KERNEL_IBRS this MSR is written on return-to-user, unless
* forced the update can be delayed until that time.
*/
if (!cpu_feature_enabled(X86_FEATURE_KERNEL_IBRS))
wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_SPEC_CTRL, val);
}
noinstr u64 spec_ctrl_current(void)
{
return this_cpu_read(x86_spec_ctrl_current);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(spec_ctrl_current);
/*
* AMD specific MSR info for Speculative Store Bypass control.
* x86_amd_ls_cfg_ssbd_mask is initialized in identify_boot_cpu().
*/
u64 __ro_after_init x86_amd_ls_cfg_base;
u64 __ro_after_init x86_amd_ls_cfg_ssbd_mask;
/* Control conditional STIBP in switch_to() */
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(switch_to_cond_stibp);
/* Control conditional IBPB in switch_mm() */
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(switch_mm_cond_ibpb);
/* Control unconditional IBPB in switch_mm() */
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(switch_mm_always_ibpb);
/* Control MDS CPU buffer clear before returning to user space */
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(mds_user_clear);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mds_user_clear);
/* Control MDS CPU buffer clear before idling (halt, mwait) */
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(mds_idle_clear);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mds_idle_clear);
/*
* Controls whether l1d flush based mitigations are enabled,
* based on hw features and admin setting via boot parameter
* defaults to false
*/
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(switch_mm_cond_l1d_flush);
/* Controls CPU Fill buffer clear before KVM guest MMIO accesses */
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(mmio_stale_data_clear);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmio_stale_data_clear);
void __init cpu_select_mitigations(void)
{
/*
* Read the SPEC_CTRL MSR to account for reserved bits which may
* have unknown values. AMD64_LS_CFG MSR is cached in the early AMD
* init code as it is not enumerated and depends on the family.
*/
if (cpu_feature_enabled(X86_FEATURE_MSR_SPEC_CTRL)) {
rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_SPEC_CTRL, x86_spec_ctrl_base);
/*
* Previously running kernel (kexec), may have some controls
* turned ON. Clear them and let the mitigations setup below
* rediscover them based on configuration.
*/
x86_spec_ctrl_base &= ~SPEC_CTRL_MITIGATIONS_MASK;
}
/* Select the proper CPU mitigations before patching alternatives: */
spectre_v1_select_mitigation();
spectre_v2_select_mitigation();
/*
* retbleed_select_mitigation() relies on the state set by
* spectre_v2_select_mitigation(); specifically it wants to know about
* spectre_v2=ibrs.
*/
retbleed_select_mitigation();
/*
* spectre_v2_user_select_mitigation() relies on the state set by
* retbleed_select_mitigation(); specifically the STIBP selection is
* forced for UNRET or IBPB.
*/
spectre_v2_user_select_mitigation();
ssb_select_mitigation();
l1tf_select_mitigation();
md_clear_select_mitigation();
srbds_select_mitigation();
l1d_flush_select_mitigation();
/*
* srso_select_mitigation() depends and must run after
* retbleed_select_mitigation().
*/
srso_select_mitigation();
gds_select_mitigation();
}
/*
* NOTE: This function is *only* called for SVM, since Intel uses
* MSR_IA32_SPEC_CTRL for SSBD.
*/
void
x86_virt_spec_ctrl(u64 guest_virt_spec_ctrl, bool setguest)
{
u64 guestval, hostval;
struct thread_info *ti = current_thread_info();
/*
* If SSBD is not handled in MSR_SPEC_CTRL on AMD, update
* MSR_AMD64_L2_CFG or MSR_VIRT_SPEC_CTRL if supported.
*/
if (!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_LS_CFG_SSBD) &&
!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_VIRT_SSBD))
return;
/*
* If the host has SSBD mitigation enabled, force it in the host's
* virtual MSR value. If its not permanently enabled, evaluate
* current's TIF_SSBD thread flag.
*/
if (static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_SPEC_STORE_BYPASS_DISABLE))
hostval = SPEC_CTRL_SSBD;
else
hostval = ssbd_tif_to_spec_ctrl(ti->flags);
/* Sanitize the guest value */
guestval = guest_virt_spec_ctrl & SPEC_CTRL_SSBD;
if (hostval != guestval) {
unsigned long tif;
tif = setguest ? ssbd_spec_ctrl_to_tif(guestval) :
ssbd_spec_ctrl_to_tif(hostval);
speculation_ctrl_update(tif);
}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(x86_virt_spec_ctrl);
static void x86_amd_ssb_disable(void)
{
u64 msrval = x86_amd_ls_cfg_base | x86_amd_ls_cfg_ssbd_mask;
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_VIRT_SSBD))
wrmsrl(MSR_AMD64_VIRT_SPEC_CTRL, SPEC_CTRL_SSBD);
else if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_LS_CFG_SSBD))
wrmsrl(MSR_AMD64_LS_CFG, msrval);
}
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "MDS: " fmt
/* Default mitigation for MDS-affected CPUs */
static enum mds_mitigations mds_mitigation __ro_after_init = MDS_MITIGATION_FULL;
static bool mds_nosmt __ro_after_init = false;
static const char * const mds_strings[] = {
[MDS_MITIGATION_OFF] = "Vulnerable",
[MDS_MITIGATION_FULL] = "Mitigation: Clear CPU buffers",
[MDS_MITIGATION_VMWERV] = "Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode",
};
static void __init mds_select_mitigation(void)
{
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MDS) || cpu_mitigations_off()) {
mds_mitigation = MDS_MITIGATION_OFF;
return;
}
if (mds_mitigation == MDS_MITIGATION_FULL) {
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_MD_CLEAR))
mds_mitigation = MDS_MITIGATION_VMWERV;
static_branch_enable(&mds_user_clear);
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_BUG_MSBDS_ONLY) &&
(mds_nosmt || cpu_mitigations_auto_nosmt()))
cpu_smt_disable(false);
}
}
static int __init mds_cmdline(char *str)
{
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MDS))
return 0;
if (!str)
return -EINVAL;
if (!strcmp(str, "off"))
mds_mitigation = MDS_MITIGATION_OFF;
else if (!strcmp(str, "full"))
mds_mitigation = MDS_MITIGATION_FULL;
else if (!strcmp(str, "full,nosmt")) {
mds_mitigation = MDS_MITIGATION_FULL;
mds_nosmt = true;
}
return 0;
}
early_param("mds", mds_cmdline);
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "TAA: " fmt
enum taa_mitigations {
TAA_MITIGATION_OFF,
TAA_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED,
TAA_MITIGATION_VERW,
TAA_MITIGATION_TSX_DISABLED,
};
/* Default mitigation for TAA-affected CPUs */
static enum taa_mitigations taa_mitigation __ro_after_init = TAA_MITIGATION_VERW;
static bool taa_nosmt __ro_after_init;
static const char * const taa_strings[] = {
[TAA_MITIGATION_OFF] = "Vulnerable",
[TAA_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED] = "Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode",
[TAA_MITIGATION_VERW] = "Mitigation: Clear CPU buffers",
[TAA_MITIGATION_TSX_DISABLED] = "Mitigation: TSX disabled",
};
static void __init taa_select_mitigation(void)
{
u64 ia32_cap;
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_TAA)) {
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_OFF;
return;
}
/* TSX previously disabled by tsx=off */
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_RTM)) {
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_TSX_DISABLED;
return;
}
if (cpu_mitigations_off()) {
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_OFF;
return;
}
/*
* TAA mitigation via VERW is turned off if both
* tsx_async_abort=off and mds=off are specified.
*/
if (taa_mitigation == TAA_MITIGATION_OFF &&
mds_mitigation == MDS_MITIGATION_OFF)
return;
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_MD_CLEAR))
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_VERW;
else
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED;
/*
* VERW doesn't clear the CPU buffers when MD_CLEAR=1 and MDS_NO=1.
* A microcode update fixes this behavior to clear CPU buffers. It also
* adds support for MSR_IA32_TSX_CTRL which is enumerated by the
* ARCH_CAP_TSX_CTRL_MSR bit.
*
* On MDS_NO=1 CPUs if ARCH_CAP_TSX_CTRL_MSR is not set, microcode
* update is required.
*/
ia32_cap = x86_read_arch_cap_msr();
if ( (ia32_cap & ARCH_CAP_MDS_NO) &&
!(ia32_cap & ARCH_CAP_TSX_CTRL_MSR))
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED;
/*
* TSX is enabled, select alternate mitigation for TAA which is
* the same as MDS. Enable MDS static branch to clear CPU buffers.
*
* For guests that can't determine whether the correct microcode is
* present on host, enable the mitigation for UCODE_NEEDED as well.
*/
static_branch_enable(&mds_user_clear);
if (taa_nosmt || cpu_mitigations_auto_nosmt())
cpu_smt_disable(false);
}
static int __init tsx_async_abort_parse_cmdline(char *str)
{
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_TAA))
return 0;
if (!str)
return -EINVAL;
if (!strcmp(str, "off")) {
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_OFF;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "full")) {
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_VERW;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "full,nosmt")) {
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_VERW;
taa_nosmt = true;
}
return 0;
}
early_param("tsx_async_abort", tsx_async_abort_parse_cmdline);
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "MMIO Stale Data: " fmt
enum mmio_mitigations {
MMIO_MITIGATION_OFF,
MMIO_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED,
MMIO_MITIGATION_VERW,
};
/* Default mitigation for Processor MMIO Stale Data vulnerabilities */
static enum mmio_mitigations mmio_mitigation __ro_after_init = MMIO_MITIGATION_VERW;
static bool mmio_nosmt __ro_after_init = false;
static const char * const mmio_strings[] = {
[MMIO_MITIGATION_OFF] = "Vulnerable",
[MMIO_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED] = "Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode",
[MMIO_MITIGATION_VERW] = "Mitigation: Clear CPU buffers",
};
static void __init mmio_select_mitigation(void)
{
u64 ia32_cap;
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MMIO_STALE_DATA) ||
boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MMIO_UNKNOWN) ||
cpu_mitigations_off()) {
mmio_mitigation = MMIO_MITIGATION_OFF;
return;
}
if (mmio_mitigation == MMIO_MITIGATION_OFF)
return;
ia32_cap = x86_read_arch_cap_msr();
/*
* Enable CPU buffer clear mitigation for host and VMM, if also affected
* by MDS or TAA. Otherwise, enable mitigation for VMM only.
*/
if (boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MDS) || (boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_TAA) &&
boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_RTM)))
static_branch_enable(&mds_user_clear);
else
static_branch_enable(&mmio_stale_data_clear);
/*
* If Processor-MMIO-Stale-Data bug is present and Fill Buffer data can
* be propagated to uncore buffers, clearing the Fill buffers on idle
* is required irrespective of SMT state.
*/
if (!(ia32_cap & ARCH_CAP_FBSDP_NO))
static_branch_enable(&mds_idle_clear);
/*
* Check if the system has the right microcode.
*
* CPU Fill buffer clear mitigation is enumerated by either an explicit
* FB_CLEAR or by the presence of both MD_CLEAR and L1D_FLUSH on MDS
* affected systems.
*/
if ((ia32_cap & ARCH_CAP_FB_CLEAR) ||
(boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_MD_CLEAR) &&
boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_FLUSH_L1D) &&
!(ia32_cap & ARCH_CAP_MDS_NO)))
mmio_mitigation = MMIO_MITIGATION_VERW;
else
mmio_mitigation = MMIO_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED;
if (mmio_nosmt || cpu_mitigations_auto_nosmt())
cpu_smt_disable(false);
}
static int __init mmio_stale_data_parse_cmdline(char *str)
{
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MMIO_STALE_DATA))
return 0;
if (!str)
return -EINVAL;
if (!strcmp(str, "off")) {
mmio_mitigation = MMIO_MITIGATION_OFF;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "full")) {
mmio_mitigation = MMIO_MITIGATION_VERW;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "full,nosmt")) {
mmio_mitigation = MMIO_MITIGATION_VERW;
mmio_nosmt = true;
}
return 0;
}
early_param("mmio_stale_data", mmio_stale_data_parse_cmdline);
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "" fmt
static void __init md_clear_update_mitigation(void)
{
if (cpu_mitigations_off())
return;
if (!static_key_enabled(&mds_user_clear))
goto out;
/*
* mds_user_clear is now enabled. Update MDS, TAA and MMIO Stale Data
* mitigation, if necessary.
*/
if (mds_mitigation == MDS_MITIGATION_OFF &&
boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MDS)) {
mds_mitigation = MDS_MITIGATION_FULL;
mds_select_mitigation();
}
if (taa_mitigation == TAA_MITIGATION_OFF &&
boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_TAA)) {
taa_mitigation = TAA_MITIGATION_VERW;
taa_select_mitigation();
}
if (mmio_mitigation == MMIO_MITIGATION_OFF &&
boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MMIO_STALE_DATA)) {
mmio_mitigation = MMIO_MITIGATION_VERW;
mmio_select_mitigation();
}
out:
if (boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MDS))
pr_info("MDS: %s\n", mds_strings[mds_mitigation]);
if (boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_TAA))
pr_info("TAA: %s\n", taa_strings[taa_mitigation]);
if (boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MMIO_STALE_DATA))
pr_info("MMIO Stale Data: %s\n", mmio_strings[mmio_mitigation]);
else if (boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MMIO_UNKNOWN))
pr_info("MMIO Stale Data: Unknown: No mitigations\n");
}
static void __init md_clear_select_mitigation(void)
{
mds_select_mitigation();
taa_select_mitigation();
mmio_select_mitigation();
/*
* As MDS, TAA and MMIO Stale Data mitigations are inter-related, update
* and print their mitigation after MDS, TAA and MMIO Stale Data
* mitigation selection is done.
*/
md_clear_update_mitigation();
}
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "SRBDS: " fmt
enum srbds_mitigations {
SRBDS_MITIGATION_OFF,
SRBDS_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED,
SRBDS_MITIGATION_FULL,
SRBDS_MITIGATION_TSX_OFF,
SRBDS_MITIGATION_HYPERVISOR,
};
static enum srbds_mitigations srbds_mitigation __ro_after_init = SRBDS_MITIGATION_FULL;
static const char * const srbds_strings[] = {
[SRBDS_MITIGATION_OFF] = "Vulnerable",
[SRBDS_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED] = "Vulnerable: No microcode",
[SRBDS_MITIGATION_FULL] = "Mitigation: Microcode",
[SRBDS_MITIGATION_TSX_OFF] = "Mitigation: TSX disabled",
[SRBDS_MITIGATION_HYPERVISOR] = "Unknown: Dependent on hypervisor status",
};
static bool srbds_off;
void update_srbds_msr(void)
{
u64 mcu_ctrl;
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SRBDS))
return;
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_HYPERVISOR))
return;
if (srbds_mitigation == SRBDS_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED)
return;
/*
* A MDS_NO CPU for which SRBDS mitigation is not needed due to TSX
* being disabled and it hasn't received the SRBDS MSR microcode.
*/
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_SRBDS_CTRL))
return;
rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCU_OPT_CTRL, mcu_ctrl);
switch (srbds_mitigation) {
case SRBDS_MITIGATION_OFF:
case SRBDS_MITIGATION_TSX_OFF:
mcu_ctrl |= RNGDS_MITG_DIS;
break;
case SRBDS_MITIGATION_FULL:
mcu_ctrl &= ~RNGDS_MITG_DIS;
break;
default:
break;
}
wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCU_OPT_CTRL, mcu_ctrl);
}
static void __init srbds_select_mitigation(void)
{
u64 ia32_cap;
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SRBDS))
return;
/*
* Check to see if this is one of the MDS_NO systems supporting TSX that
* are only exposed to SRBDS when TSX is enabled or when CPU is affected
* by Processor MMIO Stale Data vulnerability.
*/
ia32_cap = x86_read_arch_cap_msr();
if ((ia32_cap & ARCH_CAP_MDS_NO) && !boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_RTM) &&
!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_MMIO_STALE_DATA))
srbds_mitigation = SRBDS_MITIGATION_TSX_OFF;
else if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_HYPERVISOR))
srbds_mitigation = SRBDS_MITIGATION_HYPERVISOR;
else if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_SRBDS_CTRL))
srbds_mitigation = SRBDS_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED;
else if (cpu_mitigations_off() || srbds_off)
srbds_mitigation = SRBDS_MITIGATION_OFF;
update_srbds_msr();
pr_info("%s\n", srbds_strings[srbds_mitigation]);
}
static int __init srbds_parse_cmdline(char *str)
{
if (!str)
return -EINVAL;
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SRBDS))
return 0;
srbds_off = !strcmp(str, "off");
return 0;
}
early_param("srbds", srbds_parse_cmdline);
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "L1D Flush : " fmt
enum l1d_flush_mitigations {
L1D_FLUSH_OFF = 0,
L1D_FLUSH_ON,
};
static enum l1d_flush_mitigations l1d_flush_mitigation __initdata = L1D_FLUSH_OFF;
static void __init l1d_flush_select_mitigation(void)
{
if (!l1d_flush_mitigation || !boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_FLUSH_L1D))
return;
static_branch_enable(&switch_mm_cond_l1d_flush);
pr_info("Conditional flush on switch_mm() enabled\n");
}
static int __init l1d_flush_parse_cmdline(char *str)
{
if (!strcmp(str, "on"))
l1d_flush_mitigation = L1D_FLUSH_ON;
return 0;
}
early_param("l1d_flush", l1d_flush_parse_cmdline);
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "GDS: " fmt
enum gds_mitigations {
GDS_MITIGATION_OFF,
GDS_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED,
GDS_MITIGATION_FORCE,
GDS_MITIGATION_FULL,
GDS_MITIGATION_FULL_LOCKED,
GDS_MITIGATION_HYPERVISOR,
};
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_GDS_FORCE_MITIGATION)
static enum gds_mitigations gds_mitigation __ro_after_init = GDS_MITIGATION_FORCE;
#else
static enum gds_mitigations gds_mitigation __ro_after_init = GDS_MITIGATION_FULL;
#endif
static const char * const gds_strings[] = {
[GDS_MITIGATION_OFF] = "Vulnerable",
[GDS_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED] = "Vulnerable: No microcode",
[GDS_MITIGATION_FORCE] = "Mitigation: AVX disabled, no microcode",
[GDS_MITIGATION_FULL] = "Mitigation: Microcode",
[GDS_MITIGATION_FULL_LOCKED] = "Mitigation: Microcode (locked)",
[GDS_MITIGATION_HYPERVISOR] = "Unknown: Dependent on hypervisor status",
};
bool gds_ucode_mitigated(void)
{
return (gds_mitigation == GDS_MITIGATION_FULL ||
gds_mitigation == GDS_MITIGATION_FULL_LOCKED);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(gds_ucode_mitigated);
void update_gds_msr(void)
{
u64 mcu_ctrl_after;
u64 mcu_ctrl;
switch (gds_mitigation) {
case GDS_MITIGATION_OFF:
rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCU_OPT_CTRL, mcu_ctrl);
mcu_ctrl |= GDS_MITG_DIS;
break;
case GDS_MITIGATION_FULL_LOCKED:
/*
* The LOCKED state comes from the boot CPU. APs might not have
* the same state. Make sure the mitigation is enabled on all
* CPUs.
*/
case GDS_MITIGATION_FULL:
rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCU_OPT_CTRL, mcu_ctrl);
mcu_ctrl &= ~GDS_MITG_DIS;
break;
case GDS_MITIGATION_FORCE:
case GDS_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED:
case GDS_MITIGATION_HYPERVISOR:
return;
};
wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCU_OPT_CTRL, mcu_ctrl);
/*
* Check to make sure that the WRMSR value was not ignored. Writes to
* GDS_MITG_DIS will be ignored if this processor is locked but the boot
* processor was not.
*/
rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCU_OPT_CTRL, mcu_ctrl_after);
WARN_ON_ONCE(mcu_ctrl != mcu_ctrl_after);
}
static void __init gds_select_mitigation(void)
{
u64 mcu_ctrl;
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_GDS))
return;
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_HYPERVISOR)) {
gds_mitigation = GDS_MITIGATION_HYPERVISOR;
goto out;
}
if (cpu_mitigations_off())
gds_mitigation = GDS_MITIGATION_OFF;
/* Will verify below that mitigation _can_ be disabled */
/* No microcode */
if (!(x86_read_arch_cap_msr() & ARCH_CAP_GDS_CTRL)) {
if (gds_mitigation == GDS_MITIGATION_FORCE) {
/*
* This only needs to be done on the boot CPU so do it
* here rather than in update_gds_msr()
*/
setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_AVX);
pr_warn("Microcode update needed! Disabling AVX as mitigation.\n");
} else {
gds_mitigation = GDS_MITIGATION_UCODE_NEEDED;
}
goto out;
}
/* Microcode has mitigation, use it */
if (gds_mitigation == GDS_MITIGATION_FORCE)
gds_mitigation = GDS_MITIGATION_FULL;
rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCU_OPT_CTRL, mcu_ctrl);
if (mcu_ctrl & GDS_MITG_LOCKED) {
if (gds_mitigation == GDS_MITIGATION_OFF)
pr_warn("Mitigation locked. Disable failed.\n");
/*
* The mitigation is selected from the boot CPU. All other CPUs
* _should_ have the same state. If the boot CPU isn't locked
* but others are then update_gds_msr() will WARN() of the state
* mismatch. If the boot CPU is locked update_gds_msr() will
* ensure the other CPUs have the mitigation enabled.
*/
gds_mitigation = GDS_MITIGATION_FULL_LOCKED;
}
update_gds_msr();
out:
pr_info("%s\n", gds_strings[gds_mitigation]);
}
static int __init gds_parse_cmdline(char *str)
{
if (!str)
return -EINVAL;
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_GDS))
return 0;
if (!strcmp(str, "off"))
gds_mitigation = GDS_MITIGATION_OFF;
else if (!strcmp(str, "force"))
gds_mitigation = GDS_MITIGATION_FORCE;
return 0;
}
early_param("gather_data_sampling", gds_parse_cmdline);
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "Spectre V1 : " fmt
enum spectre_v1_mitigation {
SPECTRE_V1_MITIGATION_NONE,
SPECTRE_V1_MITIGATION_AUTO,
};
static enum spectre_v1_mitigation spectre_v1_mitigation __ro_after_init =
SPECTRE_V1_MITIGATION_AUTO;
static const char * const spectre_v1_strings[] = {
[SPECTRE_V1_MITIGATION_NONE] = "Vulnerable: __user pointer sanitization and usercopy barriers only; no swapgs barriers",
[SPECTRE_V1_MITIGATION_AUTO] = "Mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization",
};
/*
* Does SMAP provide full mitigation against speculative kernel access to
* userspace?
*/
static bool smap_works_speculatively(void)
{
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_SMAP))
return false;
/*
* On CPUs which are vulnerable to Meltdown, SMAP does not
* prevent speculative access to user data in the L1 cache.
* Consider SMAP to be non-functional as a mitigation on these
* CPUs.
*/
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_BUG_CPU_MELTDOWN))
return false;
return true;
}
static void __init spectre_v1_select_mitigation(void)
{
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SPECTRE_V1) || cpu_mitigations_off()) {
spectre_v1_mitigation = SPECTRE_V1_MITIGATION_NONE;
return;
}
if (spectre_v1_mitigation == SPECTRE_V1_MITIGATION_AUTO) {
/*
* With Spectre v1, a user can speculatively control either
* path of a conditional swapgs with a user-controlled GS
* value. The mitigation is to add lfences to both code paths.
*
* If FSGSBASE is enabled, the user can put a kernel address in
* GS, in which case SMAP provides no protection.
*
* If FSGSBASE is disabled, the user can only put a user space
* address in GS. That makes an attack harder, but still
* possible if there's no SMAP protection.
*/
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_FSGSBASE) ||
!smap_works_speculatively()) {
/*
* Mitigation can be provided from SWAPGS itself or
* PTI as the CR3 write in the Meltdown mitigation
* is serializing.
*
* If neither is there, mitigate with an LFENCE to
* stop speculation through swapgs.
*/
if (boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SWAPGS) &&
!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI))
setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_FENCE_SWAPGS_USER);
/*
* Enable lfences in the kernel entry (non-swapgs)
* paths, to prevent user entry from speculatively
* skipping swapgs.
*/
setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_FENCE_SWAPGS_KERNEL);
}
}
pr_info("%s\n", spectre_v1_strings[spectre_v1_mitigation]);
}
static int __init nospectre_v1_cmdline(char *str)
{
spectre_v1_mitigation = SPECTRE_V1_MITIGATION_NONE;
return 0;
}
early_param("nospectre_v1", nospectre_v1_cmdline);
enum spectre_v2_mitigation spectre_v2_enabled __ro_after_init = SPECTRE_V2_NONE;
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "RETBleed: " fmt
enum retbleed_mitigation {
RETBLEED_MITIGATION_NONE,
RETBLEED_MITIGATION_UNRET,
RETBLEED_MITIGATION_IBPB,
RETBLEED_MITIGATION_IBRS,
RETBLEED_MITIGATION_EIBRS,
RETBLEED_MITIGATION_STUFF,
};
enum retbleed_mitigation_cmd {
RETBLEED_CMD_OFF,
RETBLEED_CMD_AUTO,
RETBLEED_CMD_UNRET,
RETBLEED_CMD_IBPB,
RETBLEED_CMD_STUFF,
};
static const char * const retbleed_strings[] = {
[RETBLEED_MITIGATION_NONE] = "Vulnerable",
[RETBLEED_MITIGATION_UNRET] = "Mitigation: untrained return thunk",
[RETBLEED_MITIGATION_IBPB] = "Mitigation: IBPB",
[RETBLEED_MITIGATION_IBRS] = "Mitigation: IBRS",
[RETBLEED_MITIGATION_EIBRS] = "Mitigation: Enhanced IBRS",
[RETBLEED_MITIGATION_STUFF] = "Mitigation: Stuffing",
};
static enum retbleed_mitigation retbleed_mitigation __ro_after_init =
RETBLEED_MITIGATION_NONE;
static enum retbleed_mitigation_cmd retbleed_cmd __ro_after_init =
RETBLEED_CMD_AUTO;
static int __ro_after_init retbleed_nosmt = false;
static int __init retbleed_parse_cmdline(char *str)
{
if (!str)
return -EINVAL;
while (str) {
char *next = strchr(str, ',');
if (next) {
*next = 0;
next++;
}
if (!strcmp(str, "off")) {
retbleed_cmd = RETBLEED_CMD_OFF;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "auto")) {
retbleed_cmd = RETBLEED_CMD_AUTO;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "unret")) {
retbleed_cmd = RETBLEED_CMD_UNRET;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "ibpb")) {
retbleed_cmd = RETBLEED_CMD_IBPB;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "stuff")) {
retbleed_cmd = RETBLEED_CMD_STUFF;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "nosmt")) {
retbleed_nosmt = true;
} else if (!strcmp(str, "force")) {
setup_force_cpu_bug(X86_BUG_RETBLEED);
} else {
pr_err("Ignoring unknown retbleed option (%s).", str);
}
str = next;
}
return 0;
}
early_param("retbleed", retbleed_parse_cmdline);
#define RETBLEED_UNTRAIN_MSG "WARNING: BTB untrained return thunk mitigation is only effective on AMD/Hygon!\n"
#define RETBLEED_INTEL_MSG "WARNING: Spectre v2 mitigation leaves CPU vulnerable to RETBleed attacks, data leaks possible!\n"
static void __init retbleed_select_mitigation(void)
{
bool mitigate_smt = false;
if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_RETBLEED) || cpu_mitigations_off())
return;
switch (retbleed_cmd) {
case RETBLEED_CMD_OFF:
return;
case RETBLEED_CMD_UNRET:
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_UNRET_ENTRY)) {
retbleed_mitigation = RETBLEED_MITIGATION_UNRET;
} else {
pr_err("WARNING: kernel not compiled with CPU_UNRET_ENTRY.\n");
goto do_cmd_auto;
}
break;
case RETBLEED_CMD_IBPB:
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_IBPB)) {
pr_err("WARNING: CPU does not support IBPB.\n");
goto do_cmd_auto;
} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_IBPB_ENTRY)) {
retbleed_mitigation = RETBLEED_MITIGATION_IBPB;
} else {
pr_err("WARNING: kernel not compiled with CPU_IBPB_ENTRY.\n");