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<section id="run-control-file">
<h1>Run Control File<a class="headerlink" href="#run-control-file" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>Xonsh allows you to customize your shell behavior with run control files, called “xonshrc” files.
These files are written either in the Xonsh language (a superset of Python) or in Python and are executed
exactly once at startup.</p>
<p>The control file usually contains:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Assignment statements setting <a class="reference external" href="envvars.html">environment variables</a>. This includes standard OS environment variables that affect other programs and many that Xonsh uses for itself.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xontrib</span></code> commands to load selected add-ins (”<cite>xontribs<tutorial_xontrib.html#loading-xontribs></cite>”).</p></li>
<li><p>Xonsh function definitions.</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="aliases.html">Alias definitions</a>, many of which invoke the above functions with specified arguments.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>First of all, you need to know about the home directory <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.xonshrc</span></code> control file. This file is commonly used to put configurations for the user interactive prompt and it is executed automatically only for interactive Xonsh sessions.</p>
<p>There are also a few places where Xonsh looks for run control files. These files will be executed automatically in both interactive and non-interactive modes, and you need to use the <a class="reference external" href="envvars.html#xonsh-interactive">$XONSH_INTERACTIVE</a> and <a class="reference external" href="envvars.html#xonsh-login">$XONSH_LOGIN</a> environment variables to determine what code you want to execute in each mode. Here is the list of run control files and directories:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Cross-desktop group (XDG) compliant <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/xonsh/rc.xsh</span></code> control file.</p></li>
<li><p>The system-wide control file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/xonsh/xonshrc</span></code> for Linux and OSX and in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\xonsh\xonshrc</span></code> on Windows. It controls options that are applied to all users of Xonsh on a given system.</p></li>
<li><p>The home-based directory <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/xonsh/rc.d/</span></code> and system <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/xonsh/rc.d/</span></code> can contain <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.xsh</span></code> files. They will be executed at startup in order. This allows for drop-in configuration where your configuration can be split across scripts and common and local configurations more easily separated.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>In addition:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonsh</span> <span class="pre">--no-rc</span></code> to prevent using control files.</p></li>
<li><p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonsh</span> <span class="pre">--rc</span> <span class="pre">snail.xsh</span></code> to run only a certain control file.</p></li>
<li><p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonsh</span> <span class="pre">-i</span> <span class="pre">script.xsh</span></code> to run xonsh in interactive mode with loading all possible control files.</p></li>
<li><p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonsh</span> <span class="pre">--rc</span> <span class="pre">rc1.xsh</span> <span class="pre">rc2.xsh</span> <span class="pre">--</span> <span class="pre">script.xsh</span></code> to run scripts with multiple control files.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The options set per user override settings in the system-wide control file.</p>
<p>Xonsh provides 2 wizards to create your own “xonshrc”. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonfig</span> <span class="pre">web</span></code> provides basic settings, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonfig</span> <span class="pre">wizard</span></code>
steps you through all the available options.</p>
<section id="xonfig-web">
<h2>xonfig web<a class="headerlink" href="#xonfig-web" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>This helps you choose a color theme, customized prompt and add-in packages (“xontribs”). It
initializes your personal run control file (usually at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.xonshrc</span></code>). To invoke it (from a xonsh prompt):</p>
<div class="highlight-xonshcon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">xonfig</span> <span class="n">web</span>
<span class="go">Web config started at 'http://localhost:8421'. Hit Crtl+C to stop.</span>
<span class="go">127.0.0.1 - - [23/Aug/2020 15:04:39] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 -</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This will open your default browser on a page served from a local server. You can exit the server by typing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ctrl+c</span></code> at any time.</p>
<p>The page has:</p>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Colors<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>shows the color themes built into Xonsh.
Simply click on a sample to select it. Although color names are standardized across various terminal applications,
their actual appearance is not and do vary widely. Seeing is believing!</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Prompts<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>shows various sample prompts. It is recommended to select one but to then edit
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonshrc</span></code> file to further refine your prompt.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">Xontribs<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>are community-contributed add-ins often used to enhance command completion and line editing,
but can affect any aspect of Xonsh behavior.
Choose one or more to suit your needs but note that they will require installation of additional
packages. You can extend Xonsh by <a class="reference external" href="tutorial_xontrib.html">writing your own xontrib</a>, and are invited/urged to do so!</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Save<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>Click to write the configuration choices to your <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.xonshrc</span></code>. This will add a few tagged lines to your run control file, but will not
overwrite it completely, so you can run <cite>xonfig web</cite> at any time.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</section>
<section id="xonfig-wizard">
<h2>xonfig wizard<a class="headerlink" href="#xonfig-wizard" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>This imports settings and tools you have defined in your existing (ordinary) shell such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bash</span></code>.
It also walks you through setting all known environment variables and xontribs
in a question-and-answer format:</p>
<div class="highlight-xonshcon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">@</span> <span class="n">xonfig</span> <span class="n">wizard</span>
<span class="go"> Welcome to the xonsh configuration wizard!</span>
<span class="go"> ------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="go">This will present a guided tour through setting up the xonsh static</span>
<span class="go">config file. Xonsh will automatically ask you if you want to run this</span>
<span class="go">wizard if the configuration file does not exist. However, you can</span>
<span class="go">always rerun this wizard with the xonfig command:</span>
<span class="go"> @ xonfig wizard</span>
<span class="go">This wizard will load an existing configuration, if it is available.</span>
<span class="go">Also never fear when this wizard saves its results! It will create</span>
<span class="go">a backup of any existing configuration automatically.</span>
<span class="go">This wizard has two main phases: foreign shell setup and environment</span>
<span class="go">variable setup. Each phase may be skipped in its entirety.</span>
<span class="go">For the configuration to take effect, you will need to restart xonsh.</span>
<span class="go">'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'``-.,_,.-*'</span>
<span class="go">To exit the wizard at any time, press Ctrl-C.</span>
<span class="go">'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'</span>
<span class="go"> Foreign Shell Setup</span>
<span class="go"> -------------------</span>
<span class="go">The xonsh shell has the ability to interface with foreign shells such</span>
<span class="go">as Bash, or zsh (fish not yet implemented).</span>
<span class="go">For configuration, this means that xonsh can load the environment,</span>
<span class="go">aliases, and functions specified in the config files of these shells.</span>
<span class="go">Naturally, these shells must be available on the system to work.</span>
<span class="go">Being able to share configuration (and source) from foreign shells</span>
<span class="go">makes it easier to transition to and from xonsh.</span>
<span class="go">Add a new foreign shell, yes or no [default: no]? yes</span>
<span class="go">shell name (e.g. bash): bash</span>
<span class="go">interactive shell [bool, default=True]:</span>
<span class="go">login shell [bool, default=False]:</span>
<span class="go">env command [str, default='env']:</span>
<span class="go">alias command [str, default='alias']:</span>
<span class="go">extra command line arguments [list of str, default=[]]:</span>
<span class="go">safely handle exceptions [bool, default=True]:</span>
<span class="go">pre-command [str, default='']:</span>
<span class="go">post-command [str, default='']:</span>
<span class="go">foreign function command [str, default=None]:</span>
<span class="go">source command [str, default=None]: source</span>
<span class="go">Foreign shell added.</span>
<span class="go">Add a new foreign shell, yes or no [default: no]? no</span>
<span class="go">'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'`-.,_,.-*'``-.,_,.-*'</span>
<span class="go"> Environment Variable Setup</span>
<span class="go"> --------------------------</span>
<span class="go">The xonsh shell also allows you to setup environment variables from</span>
<span class="go">the static configuration file. Any variables set in this way are</span>
<span class="go">superseded by the definitions in the xonshrc or on the command line.</span>
<span class="go">Still, setting environment variables in this way can help define</span>
<span class="go">options that are global to the system or user.</span>
<span class="go">The following lists the environment variable name, its documentation,</span>
<span class="go">the default value, and the current value. The default and current</span>
<span class="go">values are presented as pretty repr strings of their Python types.</span>
<span class="go">Note: Simply hitting enter for any environment variable</span>
<span class="go">will accept the default value for that entry.</span>
<span class="go">Would you like to set env vars now, yes or no [default: no]? yes</span>
<span class="go">$ALLUSERSPROFILE</span>
<span class="go">default value:</span>
<span class="go">current value: 'C:\\ProgramData'</span>
<span class="gp">>>></span>
<span class="go">$APPDATA</span>
<span class="go">default value:</span>
<span class="go">current value: 'C:\\Users\\bobhy\\AppData\\Roaming'</span>
<span class="gp">>>></span>
<span class="go">$AUTO_CD</span>
<span class="go">Flag to enable changing to a directory by entering the dirname or</span>
<span class="go">full path only (without the cd command).</span>
<span class="go">default value: False</span>
<span class="go">current value: False</span>
<span class="gp">>>></span>
<span class="go">. . .</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="real-world-sample-xonshrc">
<h2>Real world sample xonshrc<a class="headerlink" href="#real-world-sample-xonshrc" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>The following is a real-world example of such a file.</p>
<p><a class="reference download internal" download="" href="_downloads/a98a1b93431566c5bf1729edbf03501f/xonshrc.xsh"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Download</span> <span class="pre">xonshrc</span></code></a></p>
<div class="code xonsh highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span># adjust some paths
$PATH.append('/home/scopatz/sandbox/bin')
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH = ['/home/scopatz/.local/lib', '/home/scopatz/miniconda3/lib', '']
# alias to quit AwesomeWM from the terminal
def _quit_awesome(args, stdin=None):
lines = $(ps ux | grep "gnome-session --session=awesome").splitlines()
pids = [l.split()[1] for l in lines]
for pid in pids:
kill @(pid)
aliases['qa'] = _quit_awesome
# some customization options, see https://xon.sh/envvars.html for details
$MULTILINE_PROMPT = '`·.,¸,.·*¯`·.,¸,.·*¯'
$XONSH_SHOW_TRACEBACK = True
$XONSH_STORE_STDOUT = True
$XONSH_HISTORY_MATCH_ANYWHERE = True
$COMPLETIONS_CONFIRM = True
$XONSH_AUTOPAIR = True
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>See also <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/anki-code/xontrib-rc-awesome">xontrib-rc-awesome</a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="real-world-sample-rc-py">
<h2>Real world sample rc.py<a class="headerlink" href="#real-world-sample-rc-py" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>The following is a real-world example of such a file.
This can be set by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">env</span> <span class="pre">XONSHRC=rc.py</span> <span class="pre">xonsh</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xonsh</span> <span class="pre">--rc=rc.py</span></code></p>
<p><a class="reference download internal" download="" href="_downloads/d7567ce3516ad34d4c0d759b1ba3b556/xonshrc.py"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Download</span> <span class="pre">rc.py</span></code></a></p>
<div class="code xonsh highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">xonsh.built_ins</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">XSH</span>
<span class="n">env</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">XSH</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">env</span>
<span class="c1"># adjust some paths</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"PATH"</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"/home/scopatz/sandbox/bin"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"LD_LIBRARY_PATH"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"/home/scopatz/.local/lib"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"/home/scopatz/miniconda3/lib"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="c1"># alias to quit AwesomeWM from the terminal</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_quit_awesome</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stdin</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"awesome python code"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">XSH</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">aliases</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"qa"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">_quit_awesome</span>
<span class="c1"># setting aliases as list are faster since they don't involve parser.</span>
<span class="n">XSH</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">aliases</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"gc"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"git"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"commit"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="c1"># some customization options, see https://xon.sh/envvars.html for details</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"MULTILINE_PROMPT"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"`·.,¸,.·*¯`·.,¸,.·*¯"</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"XONSH_SHOW_TRACEBACK"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"XONSH_STORE_STDOUT"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"XONSH_HISTORY_MATCH_ANYWHERE"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"COMPLETIONS_CONFIRM"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="n">env</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"XONSH_AUTOPAIR"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="snippets-for-xonshrc">
<h2>Snippets for xonshrc<a class="headerlink" href="#snippets-for-xonshrc" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>The following are useful snippets and code that tweaks and adjust xonsh in various ways.
If you have any useful tricks, feel free to share them.</p>
<section id="adjust-how-git-branch-label-behaves">
<h3>Adjust how git branch label behaves<a class="headerlink" href="#adjust-how-git-branch-label-behaves" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>Xonsh adds a colored branch name to the prompt when working with git or hg repositories.
This behavior can be controlled with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$PROMPT</span></code> environment variable. See how to <a class="reference external" href="tutorial.html#customizing-the-prompt">customize the prompt</a> .
The branch name changes color if the work dir is dirty or not. This is controlled by the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">{branch_color}</span></code> formatter string.</p>
<p>The following snippet reimplements the formatter also to include untracked files when considering if a git directory is dirty.</p>
<div class="highlight-xonshcon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">xonsh.prompt.vc</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">git_dirty_working_directory</span>
<span class="go">$PROMPT_FIELDS['branch_color'] = lambda: ('{BOLD_INTENSE_RED}'</span>
<span class="go"> if git_dirty_working_directory(include_untracked=True)</span>
<span class="go"> else '{BOLD_INTENSE_GREEN}')</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="get-better-colors-from-the-ls-command">
<h3>Get better colors from the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ls</span></code> command<a class="headerlink" href="#get-better-colors-from-the-ls-command" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>The colors of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ls</span></code> command may be hard to read in a dark terminal. If so, this is an excellent addition to the xonshrc file.</p>
<div class="highlight-xonshcon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$LS_COLORS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'rs=0:di=01;36:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="make-json-data-directly-pastable">
<h3>Make JSON data directly pastable<a class="headerlink" href="#make-json-data-directly-pastable" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>With the following snippet, xonsh will understand JSON data such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">{</span> <span class="pre">"name":</span> <span class="pre">"Tyler",</span> <span class="pre">"active":</span> <span class="pre">false,</span> <span class="pre">"age":</span> <span class="pre">null</span> <span class="pre">}</span></code>.
Note that, though practical, this is rather hacky and might break other functionality. Use at your own risk.</p>
<div class="highlight-xonshcon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">builtins</span>
<span class="go">builtins.true = True</span>
<span class="go">builtins.false = False</span>
<span class="go">builtins.null = None</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="display-different-date-information-every-10th-time">
<h3>Display different date information every 10th time<a class="headerlink" href="#display-different-date-information-every-10th-time" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
<p>For a compact shell prompts, some people prefer a very condensed time format. But when you have a lengthy shell session you might want the date to show up in your logs every now and then…</p>
<div class="highlight-xonshcon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">time</span>
<span class="go">def get_shelldate():</span>
<span class="go"> get_shelldate.fulldate %= 10</span>
<span class="go"> get_shelldate.fulldate += 1</span>
<span class="go"> if get_shelldate.fulldate == 1:</span>
<span class="go"> return time.strftime('%d%m%Y')</span>
<span class="go"> return time.strftime('%H:%M')</span>
<span class="go">get_shelldate.fulldate = 0</span>
<span class="go">$PROMPT_FIELDS['shelldate'] = get_shelldate</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
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<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Run Control File</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#xonfig-web">xonfig web</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#xonfig-wizard">xonfig wizard</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#real-world-sample-xonshrc">Real world sample xonshrc</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#real-world-sample-rc-py">Real world sample rc.py</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#snippets-for-xonshrc">Snippets for xonshrc</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#adjust-how-git-branch-label-behaves">Adjust how git branch label behaves</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-better-colors-from-the-ls-command">Get better colors from the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ls</span></code> command</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#make-json-data-directly-pastable">Make JSON data directly pastable</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#display-different-date-information-every-10th-time">Display different date information every 10th time</a></li>
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