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detect-sqli.zeek
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detect-sqli.zeek
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##! SQL injection attack detection in HTTP.
@load base/frameworks/notice
@load base/frameworks/sumstats
@load base/protocols/http
module HTTP;
export {
redef enum Notice::Type += {
## Indicates that a host performing SQL injection attacks was
## detected.
SQL_Injection_Attacker,
## Indicates that a host was seen to have SQL injection attacks
## against it. This is tracked by IP address as opposed to
## hostname.
SQL_Injection_Victim,
};
redef enum Tags += {
## Indicator of a URI based SQL injection attack.
URI_SQLI,
## Indicator of client body based SQL injection attack. This is
## typically the body content of a POST request. Not implemented
## yet.
POST_SQLI,
## Indicator of a cookie based SQL injection attack. Not
## implemented yet.
COOKIE_SQLI,
};
## Defines the threshold that determines if an SQL injection attack
## is ongoing based on the number of requests that appear to be SQL
## injection attacks.
const sqli_requests_threshold: double = 50.0 &redef;
## Interval at which to watch for the
## :zeek:id:`HTTP::sqli_requests_threshold` variable to be crossed.
## At the end of each interval the counter is reset.
const sqli_requests_interval = 5min &redef;
## Collecting samples will add extra data to notice emails
## by collecting some sample SQL injection url paths. Disable
## sample collection by setting this value to 0.
const collect_SQLi_samples = 5 &redef;
## Regular expression is used to match URI based SQL injections.
const match_sql_injection_uri =
/[\?&][^[:blank:]\x00-\x1f\|]+?=[\-[:alnum:]%]+([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/)*['"]?([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/|\)?;)+.*?([hH][aA][vV][iI][nN][gG]|[uU][nN][iI][oO][nN]|[eE][xX][eE][cC]|[sS][eE][lL][eE][cC][tT]|[dD][eE][lL][eE][tT][eE]|[dD][rR][oO][pP]|[dD][eE][cC][lL][aA][rR][eE]|[cC][rR][eE][aA][tT][eE]|[iI][nN][sS][eE][rR][tT])([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/)+/
| /[\?&][^[:blank:]\x00-\x1f\|]+?=[\-0-9%]+([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/)*['"]?([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/|\)?;)+([xX]?[oO][rR]|[nN]?[aA][nN][dD])([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/)+['"]?(([^a-zA-Z&]+)?=|[eE][xX][iI][sS][tT][sS])/
| /[\?&][^[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]+?=[\-0-9%]*([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/)*['"]([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/)*(-|=|\+|\|\|)([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/)*([0-9]|\(?[cC][oO][nN][vV][eE][rR][tT]|[cC][aA][sS][tT])/
| /[\?&][^[:blank:]\x00-\x1f\|]+?=([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/)*['"]([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/|;)*([xX]?[oO][rR]|[nN]?[aA][nN][dD]|[hH][aA][vV][iI][nN][gG]|[uU][nN][iI][oO][nN]|[eE][xX][eE][cC]|[sS][eE][lL][eE][cC][tT]|[dD][eE][lL][eE][tT][eE]|[dD][rR][oO][pP]|[dD][eE][cC][lL][aA][rR][eE]|[cC][rR][eE][aA][tT][eE]|[rR][eE][gG][eE][xX][pP]|[iI][nN][sS][eE][rR][tT])([[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]|\/\*.*?\*\/|[\[(])+[a-zA-Z&]{2,}/
| /[\?&][^[:blank:]\x00-\x1f]+?=[^\.]*?([cC][hH][aA][rR]|[aA][sS][cC][iI][iI]|[sS][uU][bB][sS][tT][rR][iI][nN][gG]|[tT][rR][uU][nN][cC][aA][tT][eE]|[vV][eE][rR][sS][iI][oO][nN]|[lL][eE][nN][gG][tT][hH])\(/
| /\/\*![[:digit:]]{5}.*?\*\// &redef;
## A hook that can be used to prevent specific requests from being counted
## as an injection attempt. Use a 'break' statement to exit the hook
## early and ignore the request.
global HTTP::sqli_policy: hook(c: connection, method: string, unescaped_URI: string);
}
function format_sqli_samples(samples: vector of SumStats::Observation): string
{
local ret = "SQL Injection samples\n---------------------";
for ( i in samples )
ret += "\n" + samples[i]$str;
return ret;
}
event zeek_init() &priority=3
{
# Add filters to the metrics so that the metrics framework knows how to
# determine when it looks like an actual attack and how to respond when
# thresholds are crossed.
local r1: SumStats::Reducer = [$stream="http.sqli.attacker", $apply=set(SumStats::SUM, SumStats::SAMPLE), $num_samples=collect_SQLi_samples];
SumStats::create([$name="detect-sqli-attackers",
$epoch=sqli_requests_interval,
$reducers=set(r1),
$threshold_val(key: SumStats::Key, result: SumStats::Result) =
{
return result["http.sqli.attacker"]$sum;
},
$threshold=sqli_requests_threshold,
$threshold_crossed(key: SumStats::Key, result: SumStats::Result) =
{
local r = result["http.sqli.attacker"];
NOTICE([$note=SQL_Injection_Attacker,
$msg="An SQL injection attacker was discovered!",
$email_body_sections=vector(format_sqli_samples(r$samples)),
$src=key$host,
$identifier=cat(key$host)]);
}]);
local r2: SumStats::Reducer = [$stream="http.sqli.victim", $apply=set(SumStats::SUM, SumStats::SAMPLE), $num_samples=collect_SQLi_samples];
SumStats::create([$name="detect-sqli-victims",
$epoch=sqli_requests_interval,
$reducers=set(r2),
$threshold_val(key: SumStats::Key, result: SumStats::Result) =
{
return result["http.sqli.victim"]$sum;
},
$threshold=sqli_requests_threshold,
$threshold_crossed(key: SumStats::Key, result: SumStats::Result) =
{
local r = result["http.sqli.victim"];
NOTICE([$note=SQL_Injection_Victim,
$msg="An SQL injection victim was discovered!",
$email_body_sections=vector(format_sqli_samples(r$samples)),
$src=key$host,
$identifier=cat(key$host)]);
}]);
}
event http_request(c: connection, method: string, original_URI: string,
unescaped_URI: string, version: string) &priority=3
{
if ( ! hook HTTP::sqli_policy(c, method, unescaped_URI) )
return;
if ( match_sql_injection_uri in unescaped_URI )
{
add c$http$tags[URI_SQLI];
SumStats::observe("http.sqli.attacker", [$host=c$id$orig_h], [$str=original_URI]);
SumStats::observe("http.sqli.victim", [$host=c$id$resp_h], [$str=original_URI]);
}
}