code.coffee

# Functions:
square = (x) -> x * x

sum = (x, y) -> x + y

odd = (x) -> x % 2 isnt 0

even = (x) -> x % 2 is 0

run_loop = ->
  fire_events((e) -> e.stopPropagation())
  listen()
  wait()

# Objects:
dense_object_literal = {one: 1, two: 2, three: 3}

spaced_out_multiline_object =
  pi: 3.14159
  list: [1, 2, 3, 4]
  regex: /match[ing](every|thing|\/)/gi
  three: new Idea

  inner_obj:
    freedom: -> _.freedom()

# Arrays:
stooges = [{moe: 45}, {curly: 43}, {larry: 46}]

exponents = [((x) -> x), ((x) -> x * x), ((x) -> x * x * x)]

empty = []

multiline = [
  'line one'
  'line two'
]

# Conditionals and ternaries.
if submarine.shields_up
  full_speed_ahead()
  fire_torpedos()
else if submarine.sinking
  abandon_ship()
else
  run_away()

eldest = if 25 > 21 then liz else marge

decoration = medal_of_honor if war_hero

go_to_sleep() unless coffee

# Returning early:
race = ->
  run()
  walk()
  crawl()
  if tired then return sleep()
  race()

# Conditional assignment:
good or= evil
wine and= cheese

# Nested property access and calls.
((moon.turn(360))).shapes[3].move({x: 45, y: 30}).position['top'].offset('x')

a = b = c = 5

# Embedded JavaScript.
callback(
  `function(e) { e.stop(); }`
)

# Try/Catch/Finally/Throw.
try
  all_hell_breaks_loose()
  dogs_and_cats_living_together()
  throw "up"
catch error
  print(error)
finally
  clean_up()

try all_hell_breaks_loose() catch error then print(error) finally clean_up()

# While loops, break and continue.
while demand > supply
  sell()
  restock()

while supply > demand then buy()

loop
  break if broken
  continue if continuing

# Unary operators.
!!true

# Lexical scoping.
v_1 = 5
change_a_and_set_b = ->
  v_1 = 10
  v_2 = 15
v_2 = 20

# Array comprehensions.
supper = food.capitalize() for food in ['toast', 'cheese', 'wine']

drink bottle for bottle, i in ['soda', 'wine', 'lemonade'] when even i

# Switch statements ("else" serves as a default).
activity = switch day
  when "Tuesday"   then eat_breakfast()
  when "Sunday"    then go_to_church()
  when "Saturday"  then go_to_the_park()
  when "Wednesday"
    if day is bingo_day
      go_to_bingo()
    else
      eat_breakfast()
      go_to_work()
      eat_dinner()
  else go_to_work()

# Semicolons can optionally be used instead of newlines.
wednesday = -> eat_breakfast(); go_to_work(); eat_dinner()

# Multiline strings with inner quotes.
story = "Lorem ipsum dolor \"sit\" amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit,
sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna
aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad."

# Inheritance and calling super.
class Animal
  (@name) ->

  move: (meters) ->
    alert this.name + " moved " + meters + "m."

class Snake extends Animal
  move: ->
    alert 'Slithering...'
    super 5

class Horse extends Animal
  move: ->
    alert 'Galloping...'
    super 45

sam = new Snake "Sammy the Snake"
tom = new Horse "Tommy the Horse"

sam.move()
tom.move()

# Numbers.
a_googol =  1e100
hex      =  0xff0000
negative =  -1.0
infinity =  Infinity
nan      =  NaN

# Deleting.
delete secret.identity