Refactor Caesar Algorithm Implementation

[StPfeffer]

Description

Refactored the Caesar algorithm to handle larger inputs and rotations while preserving the existing code structure. Included additional tests for improved coverage.

Type of change

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)

Checklist:

• I ran bellow commands using the latest version of rust nightly.
• I ran cargo clippy --all -- -D warnings just before my last commit and fixed any issue that was found.
• I ran cargo fmt just before my last commit.
• I ran cargo test just before my last commit and all tests passed.
• I added my algorithm to the corresponding mod.rs file within its own folder, and in any parent folder(s).
• I added my algorithm to DIRECTORY.md with the correct link.
• I checked COUNTRIBUTING.md and my code follows its guidelines.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 94.86%. Comparing base (0aa3f8d) to head (327bafb).
Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #720   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   94.85%   94.86%           
=======================================
  Files         302      302           
  Lines       22575    22590   +15     
=======================================
+ Hits        21414    21429   +15     
  Misses       1161     1161           

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[vil02]

What do you think about defining the 26 as some constant. It could be computed as a difference between a and z (plus 1, I think).

[StPfeffer]

What do you think about defining the 26 as some constant. It could be computed as a difference between a and z (plus 1, I think).

That's a good idea. I defined it as:

const ALPHABET_LENGTH: u8 = b'z' - b'a' + 1;