Use a callback in findOrCreate instead of an array.

Using a callback to set additional defaults gives more flexibility
and control to application developers around how to configure new
entities.

src/ORM/Table.php

@@ -943,17 +943,21 @@ public function get($primaryKey, $options = []) {
  * the $defaults. When a new entity is created, it will be saved.
  *
  * @param array $search The criteria to find existing records by.
- * @param array $defaults The array of defaults to patch into
- *   the new entity if it is created.
+ * @param callable $callback A callback that will be invoked for newly
+ *   created entities. This callback will be called *before* the entity
+ *   is persisted.
  * @return \Cake\Datasource\EntityInterface An entity.
  */
-	public function findOrCreate($search, $defaults = []) {
+	public function findOrCreate($search, callable $callback = null) {
 		$query = $this->find()->where($search);
 		$row = $query->first();
 		if ($row) {
 			return $row;
 		}
-		$entity = $this->newEntity($search + $defaults);
+		$entity = $this->newEntity($search);
+		if ($callback) {
+			$callback($entity);
+		}
 		return $this->save($entity);
 	}
 

tests/TestCase/ORM/TableTest.php

@@ -3531,29 +3531,34 @@ public function testDebugInfo() {
 	}
 
 /**
- * Test the findOrNew method.
+ * Test the findOrCreate method.
  *
  * @return void
  */
-	public function testFindOrNew() {
+	public function testFindOrCreate() {
 		$articles = TableRegistry::get('Articles');
-		$article = $articles->findOrCreate(['title' => 'Not there'], ['body' => 'New body']);
+		$article = $articles->findOrCreate(['title' => 'Not there'], function ($article) {
+			$article->body = 'New body';
+		});
 
 		$this->assertFalse($article->isNew());
 		$this->assertNotNull($article->id);
 		$this->assertEquals('Not there', $article->title);
 		$this->assertEquals('New body', $article->body);
 
-		$article = $articles->findOrCreate(['title' => 'First Article'], ['body' => 'New body']);
+		$article = $articles->findOrCreate(['title' => 'First Article'], function ($article) {
+			$this->fail('Should not be called for existing entities.');
+		});
 
 		$this->assertFalse($article->isNew());
 		$this->assertNotNull($article->id);
 		$this->assertEquals('First Article', $article->title);
-		$this->assertNotEquals('New body', $article->body);
 
 		$article = $articles->findOrCreate(
 			['author_id' => 2, 'title' => 'First Article'],
-			['published' => 'N', 'body' => 'New body']
+			function ($article) {
+				$article->set(['published' => 'N', 'body' => 'New body']);
+			}
 		);
 		$this->assertFalse($article->isNew());
 		$this->assertNotNull($article->id);