Avoid extra scoping when using Relation#update

Since 9ac7dd4, class level `update`, `destroy`, and `delete` were placed
in the `Persistence` module as class methods.

But `Relation#update` without passing ids which was introduced at #11898
is not a class method, and it was caused the extra scoping regression
#33470.

I moved the relation method back into the `Relation` to fix the
regression.

Fixes #33470.

activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb

@@ -107,13 +107,11 @@ def instantiate_instance_of(klass, attributes, column_types = {}, &block)
       # When running callbacks is not needed for each record update,
       # it is preferred to use {update_all}[rdoc-ref:Relation#update_all]
       # for updating all records in a single query.
-      def update(id = :all, attributes)
+      def update(id, attributes)
         if id.is_a?(Array)
           id.map { |one_id| find(one_id) }.each_with_index { |object, idx|
             object.update(attributes[idx])
           }
-        elsif id == :all
-          all.each { |record| record.update(attributes) }
         else
           if ActiveRecord::Base === id
             raise ArgumentError,

activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb

@@ -375,6 +375,10 @@ def update_all(updates)
       @klass.connection.update stmt, "#{@klass} Update All"
     end
 
+    def update(attributes) # :nodoc:
+      each { |record| record.update(attributes) }
+    end
+
     def update_counters(counters) # :nodoc:
       touch = counters.delete(:touch)
 

activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb

@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ class RelationTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
 
   class TopicWithCallbacks < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = :topics
+    cattr_accessor :topic_count
     before_update { |topic| topic.author_name = "David" if topic.author_name.blank? }
+    after_update { |topic| topic.class.topic_count = topic.class.count }
   end
 
   def test_do_not_double_quote_string_id
@@ -1576,6 +1578,8 @@ def test_update_on_relation
     topics = TopicWithCallbacks.where(id: [topic1.id, topic2.id])
     topics.update(title: "adequaterecord")
 
+    assert_equal TopicWithCallbacks.count, TopicWithCallbacks.topic_count
+
     assert_equal "adequaterecord", topic1.reload.title
     assert_equal "adequaterecord", topic2.reload.title
     # Testing that the before_update callbacks have run