Remove unnecessary retries throughout code

[jferrant]

Was having a hard time following the retry logic throughout the stacks-signer. Have made it more explicit. Removing any outer retry calls unless trying to initialize/refresh the signer as a signer may be started before a node boots.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 82.35294% with 9 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 59.96%. Comparing base (441b7ed) to head (a70414f).

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##             next    #4582       +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage   83.39%   59.96%   -23.44%     
===========================================
  Files         471      471               
  Lines      337957   337935       -22     
  Branches      317      317               
===========================================
- Hits       281855   202657    -79198     
- Misses      56094   135270    +79176     
  Partials        8        8               

Files	Coverage Δ
stacks-signer/src/runloop.rs	77.88% <100.00%> (-12.37%)	⬇️
stacks-signer/src/client/stackerdb.rs	69.52% <80.00%> (-19.84%)	⬇️
stacks-signer/src/client/stacks_client.rs	67.35% <84.00%> (-20.07%)	⬇️
stacks-signer/src/signer.rs	62.20% <78.94%> (-10.29%)	⬇️

... and 324 files with indirect coverage changes

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[jferrant]

Replaced by #4583