Learn basic to intermediate Git

Generating SSH key for git-hub: (Best way to follow the git-hub SSH key generating process)

• At first, open "git besh" command prompt.

• ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your_email@example.com" [ then press Enter ]

  • Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Type a passphrase] { you can skip it press Enter }
  • Enter same passphrase again: [Type passphrase again] { you can skip it press Enter }

• eval "$(ssh-agent -s)" [ then press Enter ]

• ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa [ then press Enter ]

• cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [ then press Enter ]

• Then copy the Key and paste it git-hub ssh-key add settings.

Screenshots

Installation

Download Git from below link

  https://git-scm.com/download/win

To check version and upgrade version

To check Git version

  git --version

To upgrade Git version

  git update-git-for-windows

To set git configuration in local machine

To set username and email in locally

  git config user.name "your name"
  git config user.email "your email"

To set username and email in globally

  git config --global user.name "your name"
  git config --global user.email "your email"

To see which Email and Username used

  git config --list

To create or initialize git repository

Run the below command and it will create .git folder by default

  git init

If you want to create a project folder and inside project folder you want to create .git folder then run this command.

  git init "project_folder_name"

git status command

If you want to see the status files and folder then run

  git status

git add command

If you want to take all the files and folder in staging area then run

  git add .

If you want to take a particular files in staging area then run

  git add file_name

  Ex: git add test.py

You can also use directory wildcard and directory and subdirectory wildcard

  git add *.file_extension

  Ex: git add *.js

  git add **/*.file_extension

  Ex: git add **/*.js

If you want unstag from staged then run

git restore --staged "file_name"
or
git rm --cached fileName

git commit & uncommit command

Move the file to local repository from stagging area

  git commit -m "Your message"

If you want to add and commit together then run

  git commit -am "Commit message"

Uncommit

If all you want to do is undo the act of committing, leaving everything else intact, run

   git reset --soft HEAD^

If we want to delete 'n' number of commit then run

   git reset --soft HEAD-num
   Ex: git reset --soft HEAD-3

If all you want to do is undo the act of committing, and also removing from the stagging area then run

   git reset HEAD^

And if you actually want to completely undo it, throwing away all uncommitted changes, resetting everything to the previous commit then run

   git reset --hard HEAD^

git HEAD and undo theory

If you want to go back a particular previous commit

   git checkout commit_hash_id
   or
   git checkout HEAD-NUM
   EX: git checkout HEAD-3 (that means I want to back in third number commit)

If you want to go back a particular previous commit and then If we want to back at the last commit then run

   git checkout master or main

git log command

If you want to see all the commit that you have done till then run.

  git log

If you want to see all the commit that you have done till in short way then run.

  git log --oneline

If you want to see a particuler number of commit then run

  git log -num
  Ex: git log -3

Screenshots

git diff command

Shows the differences between the current state of your files and the last commit.

If you want to see all the commit that you have done till then run.

  git diff

For particular file

  git diff file_name

If we want to see the new add data after (add .) command than run

  git diff --staged [ Risk ]

If we want compare two commit than run

  git diff hash_id_of_first_commit hash_id_of_second_commit

git show command

If we want to see the all changes under a commit than run

  git show hash_id

git delete or remove files and folder

if you want to delete .git folder then run

  rm -rf .git

To delete or remove file thne run

  rm -r file_name

To delete or remove folder thne run

  rm -r folder_name

git branch command

To create a branch

  git branch branch_name

To see all the branch

  git branch

To go one branch to another branch

  git checkout branch_name

To create a branch and go that branch at once run

  git checkout -b branch_name

To delete a branch run

  git branch -D branch_name

If we want to see last commit for all the branchs than run

  git branch -v

If we want to see list all remote branches

  git branch -r

If we want to see list all local & remote branches

  git branch -a

If we want to connect a branch with master branch or one branch to another branch than run

  git merge brance_name

If we want to delete any branch from GitHub then run

  git push origin --delete branch_name

  or

  git push origin --d branch_name

Git branch practice link

Click Here

git pull command

If you change anything on GitHub and you want to fetch those change in your local machine then run

  git pull

  or,

  git pull origin master or main

git clone command

If you want to clone any repository then copy the repository link and open terminal then run

   git clone repository_link 

If you want to give new name of the project that you are going to download in your local machine then run

   git clone repository_link new_project_name

git push command

If you want to push any change or repository then run

   git push origin branch_name
   or
   git push -u origin branch_name

If you want to push all branch then run

   git push --all

If you want to see git remote link then run

   git remote -v

git --pretty=format command

In Git, you can use the --pretty=format option to specify the output format for various Git commands, such as git log or git show. This option allows you to customize the output and display the information in a specific format.

Here are a few commonly used placeholders that you can include in the format string:

	%H: Commit hash (full SHA-1)
	%h: Abbreviated commit hash
	%an: Author name
	%ae: Author email
	%ad: Author date (format respects the --date option)
	%s: Subject

	git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ad : %s"