Executive Summary

国家灾后恢复框架（NDRF）为整个社区如何构建、维持和协调恢复能力的交付建立了一个通用平台和论坛。抗灾韧性和可持续的恢复不仅限于将社区的物理结构恢复到灾前状态。通过有效协调合作伙伴和资源，我们可以确保服务和支持的连续性，以满足遭受毁灭性灾难带来的社区成员在经济上、情感上或身体上受灾受困的需求。

The National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) establishes a common platform and forum for how the whole community builds, sustains, and coordinates delivery of recovery capabilities. Resilient and sustainable recovery encompasses more than the restoration of a community’s physical structures to pre-disaster conditions. Through effective coordination of partners and resources, we can ensure the continuity of services and support to meet the needs of affected community members who have experienced the hardships of financial, emotional, and/or physical impacts of devastating disasters.

NDRF的主要价值在于它强调在灾难发生之前做好恢复准备。社会加快恢复过程的能力源自其在灾前准备方面做出的努力，包括协调整个社会的成员、降低风险、纳入连续性规划、明确资源、培养有效达成恢复过程的能力，以及通过协作、包容的规划过程。整个社会的协作为将减缓灾害、适应性和可持续性整合进社会的短期和长期恢复目标中提供了机会。

The primary value of the NDRF is its emphasis on preparing for recovery in advance of disaster. The ability of a community to accelerate the recovery process begins with its efforts in pre-disaster preparedness, including coordinating with whole community partners, mitigating risks, incorporating continuity planning, identifying resources, and developing capacity to effectively manage the recovery process, and through collaborative and inclusive planning processes. Collaboration across the whole community provides an opportunity to integrate mitigation, resilience, and sustainability into the community’s short- and long-term recovery goals.

本框架始终有效，其内容随时可以实施执行。本框架中描述的结构、角色和职责可可以在威胁或危险发生的情况下，在重大事故发生前或发生后部分或全部执行。NDRF选择性的执行允许可量化和有意识地提供特定资源和能力，并为每一事件提供适当的协调。基于丰富的目标、循证知识以及社会经验，该框架旨在提高整个社会对灾后恢复能力的认知。

This Framework is always in effect, and elements can be implemented at any time. The structures, roles, and responsibilities described in this Framework can be partially or fully implemented in the context of a threat or hazard, in anticipation of a significant event, or following an incident. Selective implementation of the NDRF allows for a scalable and deliberate delivery of specific resources and capabilities and a level of coordination appropriate for each incident. Building on a wealth of objective and evidence-based knowledge and community experience, this Framework seeks to increase awareness of recovery capabilities across the whole community.

自NDRF于2011年首次发布以来，其指导原则和核心恢复能力是对所有读者都极具意义的关键要素。NDRF以8项原则为指导，这些原则在付诸实施时，将会最大化成功恢复的机会。这些指导原则提醒我们共同努力以满足幸存者的需求和建设恢复力的重要性：

Key elements of the NDRF since it was first published in 2011 that are significant for all readers are the guiding principles and the Recovery core capabilities. The NDRF is guided by eight principles that when put into practice, maximize the opportunity for achieving recovery success. The guiding principles remind us of the importance of how we work together to support survivor needs and build resilience:

• 赋权于个人和家庭Individual and Family Empowerment
• 领导力与地方主导Leadership and Local Primacy
• 灾前恢复规划预案Pre-Disaster Recovery Planning
• 参与性与包容性Engaged Partnerships and Inclusiveness
• 形成恢复行动合力Unity of Effort
• 及时性和灵活性Timeliness and Flexibility
• 韧性与可持续性Resilience and Sustainability
• 心理与情感康复Psychological and Emotional Recovery

本版NDRF强调并进一步定义了八项核心恢复能力——实现国家备灾目标中确定的备灾和恢复的关键功能。其中三项核心能力适用于所有五个领域：规划；公共信息发布和预警；行动协调。而其余五项核心能力是只针对恢复的：

This edition of the NDRF highlights and further defines the eight Recovery core capabilities—critical functions to enable preparedness and recovery—as identified in the National Preparedness Goal. Three core capabilities are common to all five mission areas: Planning; Public Information and Warning; and Operational Coordination. The remaining five are specific to recovery:

• 经济恢复Economic Recovery
• 卫生和社会服务Health and Social Services
• 住房Housing
• 基础设施系统Infrastructure Systems
• 自然和文化资源Natural and Cultural Resources

NDRF着重于确保国家在发生任何事故后都能实现恢复，无论事故的规模和大小，并考虑全方位的威胁和危害，包括自然的，技术的或意外的以及对立的或人为的。NDRF有助于确保整个社会能够协调恢复工作，以满足他们的特定需求、能力、人口特征和治理结构。它鼓励一种包容性的恢复过程，将传统的和非传统的整个社会成员都参与进来，并提供一种战略性、全国性的方法来领导、管理和协调恢复工作，同时提高我们社会的恢复能力。

The NDRF focuses on ensuring that the Nation will be able to achieve recovery following any incident regardless of size or scale, and considers the full spectrum of threats and hazards, including natural, technological/accidental, and adversarial/human-caused. The NDRF helps ensure that all communities can coordinate recovery efforts to address their unique needs, capabilities, demographics, and governing structures. It encourages an inclusive recovery process, engaging traditional and nontraditional whole community partners, and provides a strategic and national approach to lead, manage, and coordinate recovery efforts while increasing the resilience of our communities.