Merge pull request #1300 from gaffney2010/classifiers

Move classifiers outside of Players

axelrod/__init__.py

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 from axelrod.plot import Plot
 from axelrod.game import DefaultGame, Game
 from axelrod.history import History, LimitedHistory
-from axelrod.player import is_basic, obey_axelrod, Player
+from axelrod.player import Player
+from axelrod.classifier import Classifiers
 from axelrod.evolvable_player import EvolvablePlayer
 from axelrod.mock_player import MockPlayer
 from axelrod.match import Match

axelrod/classifier.py

@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+import os
+from typing import (
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Generic,
+    List,
+    Optional,
+    Set,
+    Text,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+)
+import warnings
+import yaml
+
+from axelrod.player import Player
+
+ALL_CLASSIFIERS_PATH = "data/all_classifiers.yml"
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class Classifier(Generic[T]):
+    """Describes a Player (strategy).
+
+    User sets a name and function, f, at initialization.  Through
+    classify_player, looks for the classifier to be set in the passed Player
+    class.  If not set, then passes to f for calculation.
+
+    f must operate on the class, and not an instance.  If necessary, f may
+    initialize an instance, but this shouldn't depend on runtime states, because
+    the result gets stored in a file.  If a strategy's classifier depends on
+    runtime states, such as those created by transformers, then it can set the
+    field in its classifier dict, and that will take precedent over saved
+    values.
+
+    Attributes
+    ----------
+    name: An identifier for the classifier, used as a dict key in storage and in
+        'classifier' dicts of Player classes.
+    player_class_classifier: A function that takes in a Player class (not an
+        instance) and returns a value.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, name: Text, player_class_classifier: Callable[[Type[Player]], T]
+    ):
+        self.name = name
+        self.player_class_classifier = player_class_classifier
+
+    def classify_player(self, player: Type[Player]) -> T:
+        """Look for this classifier in the passed player's 'classifier' dict,
+        otherwise pass to the player to f."""
+        try:
+            return player.classifier[self.name]
+        except:
+            return self.player_class_classifier(player)
+
+
+stochastic = Classifier[bool]("stochastic", lambda _: False)
+memory_depth = Classifier[Union[float, int]]("memory_depth", lambda _: float("inf"))
+makes_use_of = Classifier[Optional[Set[Text]]]("makes_use_of", lambda _: None)
+long_run_time = Classifier[bool]("long_run_time", lambda _: False)
+inspects_source = Classifier[Optional[bool]]("inspects_source", lambda _: None)
+manipulates_source = Classifier[Optional[bool]]("manipulates_source", lambda _: None)
+manipulates_state = Classifier[Optional[bool]]("manipulates_state", lambda _: None)
+
+# Should list all known classifiers.
+all_classifiers = [
+    stochastic,
+    memory_depth,
+    makes_use_of,
+    long_run_time,
+    inspects_source,
+    manipulates_source,
+    manipulates_state,
+]
+
+
+def rebuild_classifier_table(
+    classifiers: List[Classifier],
+    players: List[Type[Player]],
+    path: Text = ALL_CLASSIFIERS_PATH,
+) -> None:
+    """Builds the classifier table in data.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    classifiers: A list of classifiers to calculate on the strategies
+    players: A list of strategies (classes, not instances) to compute the
+        classifiers for.
+    path: Where to save the resulting yaml file.
+    """
+    # Get absolute path
+    dirname = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+    filename = os.path.join(dirname, path)
+
+    all_player_dicts = dict()
+    for p in players:
+        new_player_dict = dict()
+        for c in classifiers:
+            new_player_dict[c.name] = c.classify_player(p)
+        all_player_dicts[p.name] = new_player_dict
+
+    with open(filename, "w") as f:
+        yaml.dump(all_player_dicts, f)
+
+
+class _Classifiers(object):
+    """A singleton used to calculate any known classifier.
+
+    Attributes
+    ----------
+    all_player_dicts: A local copy of the dict saved in the classifier table.
+        The keys are player names, and the values are 'classifier' dicts (keyed
+        by classifier name).
+    """
+
+    _instance = None
+    all_player_dicts = dict()
+
+    # Make this a singleton
+    def __new__(cls):
+        if cls._instance is None:
+            cls._instance = super(_Classifiers, cls).__new__(cls)
+            # When this is first created, read from the classifier table file.
+            # Get absolute path
+            dirname = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+            filename = os.path.join(dirname, ALL_CLASSIFIERS_PATH)
+            with open(filename, "r") as f:
+                cls.all_player_dicts = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
+
+        return cls._instance
+
+    @classmethod
+    def known_classifier(cls, classifier_name: Text) -> bool:
+        """Returns True if the passed classifier_name is known."""
+        global all_classifiers
+        return classifier_name in (c.name for c in all_classifiers)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __getitem__(
+        cls, key: Union[Classifier, Text]
+    ) -> Callable[[Union[Player, Type[Player]]], Any]:
+        """Looks up the classifier for the player.
+
+        Given a passed classifier key, return a function that:
+
+        Takes a player.  If the classifier is found in the 'classifier' dict on
+        the player, then return that.  Otherwise look for the classifier for the
+        player in the all_player_dicts.  Returns None if the classifier is not
+        found in either of those.
+
+        The returned function expects Player instances, but if a Player class is
+        passed, then it will create an instance by calling an argument-less
+        initializer.  If no such initializer exists on the class, then an error
+        will result.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        key: A classifier or classifier name that we want to calculate for the
+            player.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        A function that will map Player (or Player instances) to their value for
+            this classification.
+        """
+        # Key may be the name or an instance.  Convert to name.
+        if not isinstance(key, str):
+            key = key.name
+
+        if not cls.known_classifier(key):
+            raise KeyError("Unknown classifier")
+
+        def classify_player_for_this_classifier(
+            player: Union[Player, Type[Player]]
+        ) -> Any:
+            def try_lookup() -> Any:
+                try:
+                    player_classifiers = cls.all_player_dicts[player.name]
+                except:
+                    return None
+
+                return player_classifiers.get(key, None)
+
+            # If the passed player is not an instance, then try to initialize an
+            # instance without arguments.
+            if not isinstance(player, Player):
+                try:
+                    player = player()
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        "Classifiers are intended to run on player instances. "
+                        "Passed player {} was initialized with default "
+                        "arguments.".format(player.name)
+                    )
+                except:
+                    # All strategies must have trivial initializers.
+                    raise Exception(
+                        "Passed player class doesn't have a trivial initializer."
+                    )
+
+            # Factory-generated players won't exist in the table.  As well, some
+            # players, like Random, may change classifiers at construction time;
+            # this get() function takes a player instance, while the saved-values
+            # are from operations on the player object itself.
+            if key in player.classifier:
+                return player.classifier[key]
+
+            # Try to find the name in the all_player_dicts, read from disk.
+            return try_lookup()
+
+        return classify_player_for_this_classifier
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_basic(cls, s: Union[Player, Type[Player]]):
+        """
+        Defines criteria for a strategy to be considered 'basic'
+        """
+        stochastic = cls.__getitem__("stochastic")(s)
+        depth = cls.__getitem__("memory_depth")(s)
+        inspects_source = cls.__getitem__("inspects_source")(s)
+        manipulates_source = cls.__getitem__("manipulates_source")(s)
+        manipulates_state = cls.__getitem__("manipulates_state")(s)
+        return (
+            not stochastic
+            and not inspects_source
+            and not manipulates_source
+            and not manipulates_state
+            and depth in (0, 1)
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def obey_axelrod(cls, s: Union[Player, Type[Player]]):
+        """
+        A function to check if a strategy obeys Axelrod's original tournament
+        rules.
+        """
+        for c in ["inspects_source", "manipulates_source", "manipulates_state"]:
+            if cls.__getitem__(c)(s):
+                return False
+        return True
+
+
+Classifiers = _Classifiers()