feat: translator recursive verifier (#6327)

First iteration of the translator recursive verifier as a standalone
component, arithmetised with either vanilla Ultra, Goblin Ultra or
simulator. This required refactoring the translator relations so their
`field_t<Builder>` instantiation is only used in the recursive verifier.
For now, we work around the fact that the transcript should be shared
between eccvm and translator which limits a bit the amount of testing we
can do. These TODOs will be addressed after we have an ECCVM recursive
verifier.

barretenberg/cpp/scripts/analyze_client_ivc_bench.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
     "Decider::construct_proof(t)",
     "ECCVMProver(CircuitBuilder&)(t)",
     "ECCVMProver::construct_proof(t)",
-    "GoblinTranslatorProver::construct_proof(t)",
+    "TranslatorProver::construct_proof(t)",
     "Goblin::merge(t)"
 ]
 with open(PREFIX/IVC_BENCH_JSON, "r") as read_file:

barretenberg/cpp/src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ add_subdirectory(barretenberg/stdlib_circuit_builders)
 add_subdirectory(barretenberg/sumcheck)
 add_subdirectory(barretenberg/transcript)
 add_subdirectory(barretenberg/translator_vm)
+add_subdirectory(barretenberg/translator_vm_recursion)
 add_subdirectory(barretenberg/ultra_honk)
 add_subdirectory(barretenberg/vm)
 add_subdirectory(barretenberg/wasi)
@@ -146,6 +147,7 @@ set(BARRETENBERG_TARGET_OBJECTS
     $<TARGET_OBJECTS:sumcheck_objects>
     $<TARGET_OBJECTS:transcript_objects>
     $<TARGET_OBJECTS:translator_vm_objects>
+    $<TARGET_OBJECTS:translator_vm_recursion_objects>
     $<TARGET_OBJECTS:ultra_honk_objects>
     $<TARGET_OBJECTS:vm_objects>)
 

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/benchmark/goblin_bench/goblin.bench.cpp

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(GoblinBench, GoblinECCVMProve)(benchmark::State& state)
  * @brief Benchmark only the Translator component
  *
  */
-BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(GoblinBench, GoblinTranslatorProve)(benchmark::State& state)
+BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(GoblinBench, TranslatorProve)(benchmark::State& state)
 {
     Goblin goblin;
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(GoblinBench, GoblinTranslatorProve)(benchmark::State& state)
 BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(GoblinBench, GoblinFull)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
 BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(GoblinBench, GoblinAccumulate)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
 BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(GoblinBench, GoblinECCVMProve)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
-BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(GoblinBench, GoblinTranslatorProve)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
+BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(GoblinBench, TranslatorProve)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
 
 } // namespace
 

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/benchmark/relations_bench/relations.bench.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #include "barretenberg/protogalaxy/protogalaxy_prover.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib_circuit_builders/goblin_ultra_flavor.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib_circuit_builders/ultra_flavor.hpp"
-#include "barretenberg/translator_vm/goblin_translator_flavor.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/translator_vm/translator_flavor.hpp"
 #include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
 
 namespace {
@@ -103,12 +103,12 @@ BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<GoblinUltraFlavor, Poseidon2ExternalRelati
 BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<GoblinUltraFlavor, Poseidon2InternalRelation<Fr>>);
 
 // Translator VM
-BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<GoblinTranslatorFlavor, GoblinTranslatorDecompositionRelation<Fr>>);
-BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<GoblinTranslatorFlavor, GoblinTranslatorOpcodeConstraintRelation<Fr>>);
-BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<GoblinTranslatorFlavor, GoblinTranslatorAccumulatorTransferRelation<Fr>>);
-BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<GoblinTranslatorFlavor, GoblinTranslatorDeltaRangeConstraintRelation<Fr>>);
-BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<GoblinTranslatorFlavor, GoblinTranslatorNonNativeFieldRelation<Fr>>);
-BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<GoblinTranslatorFlavor, GoblinTranslatorPermutationRelation<Fr>>);
+BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<TranslatorFlavor, TranslatorDecompositionRelation<Fr>>);
+BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<TranslatorFlavor, TranslatorOpcodeConstraintRelation<Fr>>);
+BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<TranslatorFlavor, TranslatorAccumulatorTransferRelation<Fr>>);
+BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<TranslatorFlavor, TranslatorDeltaRangeConstraintRelation<Fr>>);
+BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<TranslatorFlavor, TranslatorNonNativeFieldRelation<Fr>>);
+BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<TranslatorFlavor, TranslatorPermutationRelation<Fr>>);
 
 // ECCVM
 BENCHMARK(execute_relation_for_values<ECCVMFlavor, ECCVMLookupRelation<Fq>>);

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/commitment_schemes/zeromorph/zeromorph.hpp

@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ template <typename PCS> class ZeroMorphProver_ {
      *
      * and concatenation_term = \sum_{i=0}^{num_chunks_per_group}(x^{i * min_N + 1}concatenation_groups_batched_{i})
      *
-     * @note The concatenation term arises from an implementation detail in the Goblin Translator and is not part of the
+     * @note The concatenation term arises from an implementation detail in the Translator and is not part of the
      * conventional ZM protocol
      * @param input_polynomial
      * @param quotients
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ template <typename PCS> class ZeroMorphProver_ {
         // If necessary, add to Z_x the contribution related to concatenated polynomials:
         // \sum_{i=0}^{num_chunks_per_group}(x^{i * min_n + 1}concatenation_groups_batched_{i}).
         // We are effectively reconstructing concatenated polynomials from their chunks now that we know x
-        // Note: this is an implementation detail related to Goblin Translator and is not part of the standard protocol.
+        // Note: this is an implementation detail related to Translator and is not part of the standard protocol.
         if (!concatenation_groups_batched.empty()) {
             size_t MINICIRCUIT_N = N / concatenation_groups_batched.size();
             auto x_to_minicircuit_N =
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ template <typename PCS> class ZeroMorphVerifier_ {
      *  concatenation_term = \sum{i=0}^{o-1}\sum_{j=0}^{num_chunks_per_group}(rho^{m+l+i} * x^{j * min_N + 1}
      *                       * concatenation_groups_commitments_{i}_{j})
      *
-     * @note The concatenation term arises from an implementation detail in the Goblin Translator and is not part of the
+     * @note The concatenation term arises from an implementation detail in the Translator and is not part of the
      * conventional ZM protocol
      * @param first_g1 first element in the SRS
      * @param f_commitments Commitments to unshifted polynomials [f_i]
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ template <typename PCS> class ZeroMorphVerifier_ {
         }
 
         // If applicable, add contribution from concatenated polynomial commitments
-        // Note: this is an implementation detail related to Goblin Translator and is not part of the standard protocol.
+        // Note: this is an implementation detail related to Translator and is not part of the standard protocol.
         if (!concatenation_groups_commitments.empty()) {
             size_t CONCATENATION_GROUP_SIZE = concatenation_groups_commitments[0].size();
             size_t MINICIRCUIT_N = N / CONCATENATION_GROUP_SIZE;

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/eccvm/eccvm_flavor.hpp

@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ class ECCVMFlavor {
     using Curve = curve::Grumpkin;
     using G1 = typename Curve::Group;
     using PCS = IPA<Curve>;
-    using FF = typename G1::subgroup_field;
+    using FF = typename Curve::ScalarField;
+    using BF = typename Curve::BaseField;
     using Polynomial = bb::Polynomial<FF>;
     using GroupElement = typename G1::element;
     using Commitment = typename G1::affine_element;

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/eccvm/eccvm_prover.hpp

@@ -13,19 +13,20 @@ namespace bb {
 // We won't compile this class with Standard, but we will like want to compile it (at least for testing)
 // with a flavor that uses the curve Grumpkin, or a flavor that does/does not have zk, etc.
 class ECCVMProver {
+  public:
     using Flavor = ECCVMFlavor;
     using FF = typename Flavor::FF;
+    using BF = typename Flavor::BF;
     using PCS = typename Flavor::PCS;
     using CommitmentKey = typename Flavor::CommitmentKey;
     using ProvingKey = typename Flavor::ProvingKey;
     using Polynomial = typename Flavor::Polynomial;
     using CommitmentLabels = typename Flavor::CommitmentLabels;
     using Transcript = typename Flavor::Transcript;
-    using TranslationEvaluations = bb::TranslationEvaluations;
+    using TranslationEvaluations = bb::TranslationEvaluations_<FF, BF>;
     using ZeroMorph = ZeroMorphProver_<PCS>;
     using CircuitBuilder = typename Flavor::CircuitBuilder;
 
-  public:
     explicit ECCVMProver(CircuitBuilder& builder,
                          const std::shared_ptr<Transcript>& transcript = std::make_shared<Transcript>());
 

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/flavor/flavor.hpp

@@ -310,8 +310,10 @@ namespace bb {
 class UltraFlavor;
 class ECCVMFlavor;
 class GoblinUltraFlavor;
+class TranslatorFlavor;
 template <typename BuilderType> class UltraRecursiveFlavor_;
 template <typename BuilderType> class GoblinUltraRecursiveFlavor_;
+template <typename BuilderType> class TranslatorRecursiveFlavor_;
 } // namespace bb
 
 // Forward declare plonk flavors
@@ -356,7 +358,7 @@ concept IsRecursiveFlavor = IsAnyOf<T, UltraRecursiveFlavor_<UltraCircuitBuilder
                                        UltraRecursiveFlavor_<CircuitSimulatorBN254>,
                                        GoblinUltraRecursiveFlavor_<UltraCircuitBuilder>,
                                        GoblinUltraRecursiveFlavor_<GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder>
-,GoblinUltraRecursiveFlavor_<CircuitSimulatorBN254>>;
+,GoblinUltraRecursiveFlavor_<CircuitSimulatorBN254>, TranslatorRecursiveFlavor_<UltraCircuitBuilder>, TranslatorRecursiveFlavor_<GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder>,  TranslatorRecursiveFlavor_<CircuitSimulatorBN254>>;
 
 
 template <typename T> concept IsGrumpkinFlavor = IsAnyOf<T, ECCVMFlavor>;

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/flavor/relation_definitions.hpp

@@ -23,13 +23,14 @@
     RelationImpl<Flavor::FF>::MethodName<bb::Relation<RelationImpl<Flavor::FF>>::AccumulatorType, EdgeType(Flavor)>(   \
         EdgeType(Flavor) const&, RelationParameters<Flavor::FF> const&);
 
-#define SUMCHECK_RELATION_CLASS(...) _SUMCHECK_RELATION_CLASS(__VA_ARGS__)
 #define DEFINE_SUMCHECK_RELATION_CLASS(RelationImpl, Flavor)                                                           \
     ACCUMULATE(RelationImpl, Flavor, SumcheckTupleOfUnivariatesOverSubrelations, ExtendedEdge)                         \
     ACCUMULATE(RelationImpl, Flavor, SumcheckArrayOfValuesOverSubrelations, EvaluationEdge)                            \
     ACCUMULATE(RelationImpl, Flavor, SumcheckArrayOfValuesOverSubrelations, EntityEdge)
 
-#define SUMCHECK_PERMUTATION_CLASS(...) _SUMCHECK_PERMUTATION_CLASS(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define DEFINE_SUMCHECK_VERIFIER_RELATION_CLASS(RelationImpl, Flavor)                                                  \
+    ACCUMULATE(RelationImpl, Flavor, SumcheckArrayOfValuesOverSubrelations, EvaluationEdge)
+
 #define DEFINE_SUMCHECK_PERMUTATION_CLASS(RelationImpl, Flavor)                                                        \
     PERMUTATION_METHOD(compute_grand_product_numerator, RelationImpl, Flavor, UnivariateAccumulator0, ExtendedEdge)    \
     PERMUTATION_METHOD(compute_grand_product_numerator, RelationImpl, Flavor, ValueAccumulator0, EvaluationEdge)       \

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/goblin/goblin.hpp

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib/honk_recursion/verifier/merge_recursive_verifier.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib_circuit_builders/goblin_ultra_circuit_builder.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib_circuit_builders/goblin_ultra_flavor.hpp"
-#include "barretenberg/translator_vm/goblin_translator_circuit_builder.hpp"
-#include "barretenberg/translator_vm/goblin_translator_prover.hpp"
-#include "barretenberg/translator_vm/goblin_translator_verifier.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/translator_vm/translator_circuit_builder.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/translator_vm/translator_prover.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/translator_vm/translator_verifier.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/ultra_honk/merge_prover.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/ultra_honk/merge_verifier.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/ultra_honk/ultra_prover.hpp"
@@ -32,8 +32,9 @@ class Goblin {
     using ECCVMFlavor = bb::ECCVMFlavor;
     using ECCVMBuilder = bb::ECCVMCircuitBuilder;
     using ECCVMProver = bb::ECCVMProver;
-    using TranslatorBuilder = bb::GoblinTranslatorCircuitBuilder;
-    using TranslatorProver = bb::GoblinTranslatorProver;
+    using TranslationEvaluations = ECCVMProver::TranslationEvaluations;
+    using TranslatorBuilder = bb::TranslatorCircuitBuilder;
+    using TranslatorProver = bb::TranslatorProver;
     using RecursiveMergeVerifier = bb::stdlib::recursion::goblin::MergeRecursiveVerifier_<GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder>;
     using MergeProver = bb::MergeProver_<GoblinUltraFlavor>;
     using MergeVerifier = bb::MergeVerifier_<GoblinUltraFlavor>;
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ class Goblin {
     {
         translator_builder = std::make_unique<TranslatorBuilder>(
             eccvm_prover->translation_batching_challenge_v, eccvm_prover->evaluation_challenge_x, op_queue);
-        translator_prover = std::make_unique<GoblinTranslatorProver>(*translator_builder, eccvm_prover->transcript);
+        translator_prover = std::make_unique<TranslatorProver>(*translator_builder, eccvm_prover->transcript);
         goblin_proof.translator_proof = translator_prover->construct_proof();
     };
 
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ class Goblin {
         ECCVMVerifier eccvm_verifier(eccvm_prover->key);
         bool eccvm_verified = eccvm_verifier.verify_proof(proof.eccvm_proof);
 
-        GoblinTranslatorVerifier translator_verifier(translator_prover->key, eccvm_verifier.transcript);
+        TranslatorVerifier translator_verifier(translator_prover->key, eccvm_verifier.transcript);
 
         bool accumulator_construction_verified = translator_verifier.verify_proof(proof.translator_proof);
         // TODO(https://github.com/AztecProtocol/barretenberg/issues/799): Ensure translation_evaluations are passed
@@ -296,7 +297,7 @@ class Goblin {
         ECCVMVerifier eccvm_verifier(eccvm_prover->key);
         bool eccvm_verified = eccvm_verifier.verify_proof(goblin_proof.eccvm_proof);
 
-        GoblinTranslatorVerifier translator_verifier(translator_prover->key, eccvm_verifier.transcript);
+        TranslatorVerifier translator_verifier(translator_prover->key, eccvm_verifier.transcript);
 
         bool translation_accumulator_construction_verified =
             translator_verifier.verify_proof(goblin_proof.translator_proof);

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/goblin/translation_evaluations.hpp

@@ -3,16 +3,22 @@
 #include "barretenberg/ecc/fields/field_conversion.hpp"
 
 namespace bb {
-struct TranslationEvaluations {
-    fq op, Px, Py, z1, z2;
+/**
+ * @brief Stores the evaluations from ECCVM, checked against the translator evaluations as a final step of translator.
+ *
+ * @tparam BF The base field of the curve, translation evaluations are represented in the base field.
+ * @tparam FF The scalar field of the curve, used in Goblin to help convert the proof into a buffer for ACIR.
+ */
+template <typename BF, typename FF> struct TranslationEvaluations_ {
+    BF op, Px, Py, z1, z2;
     static constexpr uint32_t NUM_EVALUATIONS = 5;
-    static size_t size() { return field_conversion::calc_num_bn254_frs<fq>() * NUM_EVALUATIONS; }
-    std::vector<fr> to_buffer() const
+    static size_t size() { return field_conversion::calc_num_bn254_frs<BF>() * NUM_EVALUATIONS; }
+    std::vector<FF> to_buffer() const
     {
-        std::vector<fr> result;
+        std::vector<FF> result;
         result.reserve(size());
-        const auto insert = [&result](const fq& elt) {
-            std::vector<fr> buf = field_conversion::convert_to_bn254_frs(elt);
+        const auto insert = [&result](const BF& elt) {
+            std::vector<FF> buf = field_conversion::convert_to_bn254_frs(elt);
             result.insert(result.end(), buf.begin(), buf.end());
         };
         insert(op);

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/honk/proof_system/permutation_library.hpp

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace bb {
  * commitments. This method creates concatenated version of polynomials we won't need to commit to. Used in Goblin
  * Translator
  *
- * Concatenation in Goblin Translator mean the action of constructing a new Polynomial from existing ones by writing
+ * Concatenation in Translator mean the action of constructing a new Polynomial from existing ones by writing
  * their multilinear representations sequentially. For example, if we have f(x₁,x₂)={0, 1, 0, 1} and
  * g(x₁,x₂)={1, 0, 0, 1} then h(x₁ ,x₂ ,x₃ )=concatenation(f(x₁,x₂),g(x₁,x₂))={0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1}
  *
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ template <typename Flavor> void compute_concatenated_polynomials(typename Flavor
     ASSERT(MINI_CIRCUIT_SIZE * Flavor::CONCATENATION_GROUP_SIZE == targets[0].size());
     // A function that produces 1 concatenated polynomial
 
-    // Goblin Translator uses concatenated polynomials in the permutation argument. These polynomials contain the same
+    // Translator uses concatenated polynomials in the permutation argument. These polynomials contain the same
     // coefficients as other shorter polynomials, but we don't have to commit to them due to reusing commitments of
     // shorter polynomials and updating our PCS to open using them. But the prover still needs the concatenated
     // polynomials. This function constructs a chunk of the polynomial.
@@ -60,13 +60,13 @@ template <typename Flavor> void compute_concatenated_polynomials(typename Flavor
 }
 
 /**
- * @brief Compute denominator polynomials for Goblin Translator's range constraint permutation
+ * @brief Compute denominator polynomials for Translator's range constraint permutation
  *
  * @details  We need to prove that all the range constraint wires indeed have values within the given range (unless
  * changed ∈  [0 , 2¹⁴ - 1]. To do this, we use several virtual concatenated wires, each of which represents a subset
  * or original wires (concatenated_range_constraints_<i>). We also generate several new polynomials of the same length
  * as concatenated ones. These polynomials have values within range, but they are also constrained by the
- * GoblinTranslatorFlavor's DeltaRangeConstraint relation, which ensures that sequential values differ by not more than
+ * TranslatorFlavor's DeltaRangeConstraint relation, which ensures that sequential values differ by not more than
  * 3, the last value is the maximum and the first value is zero (zero at the start allows us not to dance around
  * shifts).
  *
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ template <typename Flavor> void compute_concatenated_polynomials(typename Flavor
  * @param proving_key
  */
 template <typename Flavor>
-void compute_goblin_translator_range_constraint_ordered_polynomials(typename Flavor::ProverPolynomials& polynomials,
-                                                                    size_t mini_circuit_dyadic_size)
+void compute_translator_range_constraint_ordered_polynomials(typename Flavor::ProverPolynomials& polynomials,
+                                                             size_t mini_circuit_dyadic_size)
 {
 
     using FF = typename Flavor::FF;

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/plonk_honk_shared/arithmetization/arithmetization.hpp

@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ template <typename FF_> class UltraHonkArith {
     inline static const std::vector<std::string> selector_names = {};
 };
 
-class GoblinTranslatorArith {
+class TranslatorArith {
   public:
     static constexpr size_t NUM_WIRES = 81;
     static constexpr size_t NUM_SELECTORS = 0;

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/relations/relation_parameters.hpp

@@ -27,12 +27,10 @@ template <typename T> struct RelationParameters {
     // eccvm_set_permutation_delta is used in the set membership gadget in eccvm/ecc_set_relation.hpp
     // We can remove this by modifying the relation, but increases complexity
     T eccvm_set_permutation_delta = T(0);
-    std::array<T, NUM_BINARY_LIMBS_IN_GOBLIN_TRANSLATOR> accumulated_result = {
-        T(0), T(0), T(0), T(0)
-    }; // Goblin Translator
+    std::array<T, NUM_BINARY_LIMBS_IN_GOBLIN_TRANSLATOR> accumulated_result = { T(0), T(0), T(0), T(0) }; // Translator
     std::array<T, NUM_BINARY_LIMBS_IN_GOBLIN_TRANSLATOR + NUM_NATIVE_LIMBS_IN_GOBLIN_TRANSLATOR> evaluation_input_x = {
         T(0), T(0), T(0), T(0), T(0)
-    }; // Goblin Translator
+    }; // Translator
     std::array<std::array<T, NUM_BINARY_LIMBS_IN_GOBLIN_TRANSLATOR + NUM_NATIVE_LIMBS_IN_GOBLIN_TRANSLATOR>,
                NUM_CHALLENGE_POWERS_IN_GOBLIN_TRANSLATOR>
         batching_challenge_v = { { { T(0), T(0), T(0), T(0), T(0) },