[backport#19041] ci: tsan with -stdlib=libc++-10

Summary:
~~ci: Remove unused workaround (MarcoFalke)~~
~~ci: Install llvm to get llvm symbolizer (MarcoFalke)~~
test: Add more tsan suppressions (MarcoFalke)
~~ci: Mute depends logs completely (MarcoFalke)~~
test: Extend tsan suppressions for clang stdlib (MarcoFalke)
~~ci: Use libc++ instead of libstdc++ for tsan (MarcoFalke)~~
~~ci: Set halt_on_error=1 for tsan (MarcoFalke)~~
~~ci: Deduplicate DOCKER_EXEC (MarcoFalke)~~
~~cirrus: Remove no longer needed install step (MarcoFalke)~~

Pull request description:

  According to the [ThreadSanitizer docs](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ThreadSanitizer.html#current-status):
  >  C++11 threading is supported with **llvm libc++**.

  For example, the thread sanitizer build is currently not checking for double lock of mutexes.

  Fixes (partially) bitcoin/bitcoin#19038 (comment)

---

EDIT: included our own code's suppressions so the test is green

Backport of Core [[bitcoin/bitcoin#19041 | PR19041]]

Test Plan:
with clang-10 on archlinux:
  cmake -GNinja -DENABLE_SANITIZERS=thread -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++
  ninja check check-functional

threadsanitizer is green ~~only gives out warnings about code that is exclusive to us (specifically, rcu_tests.cpp and doublelock of mutex in paymentserver qt code)~~

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, deadalnix

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, deadalnix

Subscribers: deadalnix

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D7547

test/sanitizer_suppressions/tsan

@@ -1,19 +1,43 @@
 # ThreadSanitizer suppressions
 # ============================
 
+# double locks (TODO fix)
+mutex:g_genesis_wait_mutex
+mutex:Interrupt
+mutex:CThreadInterrupt
+mutex:CConnman::Interrupt
+mutex:CConnman::WakeMessageHandler
+mutex:CConnman::ThreadOpenConnections
+mutex:CConnman::ThreadOpenAddedConnections
+mutex:CConnman::SocketHandler
+mutex:UpdateTip
+mutex:PeerLogicValidation::UpdatedBlockTip
+mutex:rcu_tests::synchronize_test
+# race (TODO fix)
+race:CConnman::WakeMessageHandler
+race:CConnman::ThreadMessageHandler
+race:fHaveGenesis
+race:ProcessNewBlock
+race:ThreadImport
+race:zmq::*
+race:bitcoin-qt
+# deadlock (TODO fix)
+deadlock:CConnman::ForNode
+deadlock:UpdateTip
+
 # WalletBatch (unidentified deadlock)
 deadlock:WalletBatch
 
 # Intentional deadlock in tests
 deadlock:TestPotentialDeadLockDetected
 
 # Wildcard for all gui tests, should be replaced with non-wildcard suppressions
+mutex:src/qt/test/*
 race:src/qt/test/*
 deadlock:src/qt/test/*
 
 # External libraries
 deadlock:libdb
-race:libzmq
 
 # Reverselock tests is triggering lock-order-inversion errors when run as part
 # of test_bitcoin.