0x19. C - Stacks, Queues - LIFO, FIFO Learning Objectives: *What do LIFO and FIFO mean. *What is a stack, and when to use it. *What is a queue, and when to use it. *What are the common implementations of stacks and queues. *What are the most common use cases of stacks and queues. *What is the proper way to use global variables.
The Monty language
Monty 0.98 is a scripting language that is first compiled into Monty byte codes (Just like Python). It relies on a unique stack, with specific instructions to manipulate it. The goal of this project is to create an interpreter for Monty ByteCodes files.
Monty byte code files
Files containing Monty byte codes usually have the .m extension. Most of the industry uses this standard but it is not required by the specification of the language. There is not more than one instruction per line. There can be any number of spaces before or after the opcode and its argument: Monty byte code files can contain blank lines (empty or made of spaces only, and any additional text after the opcode or its required argument is not taken into account:
The monty program
Usage: monty file
Compilation & Output
Your code will be compiled this way:
$ gcc -Wall -Werror -Wextra -pedantic -std=gnu89 *.c -o monty
Any output must be printed on stdout
Any error message must be printed on stderr
/mnt/c/Users/Crysk/Downloads/MONTYcollab.drawio.pdf
Tasks: 0. push, pall The push opcode
The opcode push pushes an element to the stack.
The pall opcode
The opcode pall prints all the values on the stack, starting from the top of the stack.
- pint The pint opcode
The opcode pint prints the value at the top of the stack, followed by a new line.
- pop The pop opcode
The opcode pop removes the top element of the stack.
- swap The swap opcode
The opcode swap swaps the top two elements of the stack.
- add The add opcode
The opcode add adds the top two elements of the stack.
- nop The nop opcode
The opcode nop doesn’t do anything.