Update attrs to 21.4.0

[pyup-bot]

This PR updates attrs from 19.3.0 to 21.4.0.

Changelog

21.4.0

-------------------

Changes
^^^^^^^

- Fixed the test suite on PyPy3.8 where ``cloudpickle`` does not work.
`892 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/892>`_
- Fixed ``coverage report`` for projects that use ``attrs`` and don't set a ``--source``.
`895 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/895>`_,
`896 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/896>`_


----

21.3.0

-------------------

Backward-incompatible Changes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

- When using ``define``, converters are now run by default when setting an attribute on an instance -- additionally to validators.
I.e. the new default is ``on_setattr=[attrs.setters.convert, attrs.setters.validate]``.

This is unfortunately a breaking change, but it was an oversight, impossible to raise a ``DeprecationWarning`` about, and it's better to fix it now while the APIs are very fresh with few users.
`835 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/835>`_,
`886 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/886>`_
- ``import attrs`` has finally landed!
As of this release, you can finally import ``attrs`` using its proper name.

Not all names from the ``attr`` namespace have been transferred; most notably ``attr.s`` and ``attr.ib`` are missing.
See ``attrs.define`` and ``attrs.field`` if you haven't seen our next-generation APIs yet.
A more elaborate explanation can be found `On The Core API Names <https://www.attrs.org/en/latest/names.html>`_

This feature is at least for one release **provisional**.
We don't *plan* on changing anything, but such a big change is unlikely to go perfectly on the first strike.

The API docs have been mostly updated, but it will be an ongoing effort to change everything to the new APIs.
Please note that we have **not** moved -- or even removed -- anything from ``attr``!

Please do report any bugs or documentation inconsistencies!
`887 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/887>`_


Changes
^^^^^^^

- ``attr.asdict(retain_collection_types=False)`` (default) dumps collection-esque keys as tuples.
`646 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/646>`_,
`888 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/888>`_
- ``__match_args__`` are now generated to support Python 3.10's
`Structural Pattern Matching <https://docs.python.org/3.10/whatsnew/3.10.html#pep-634-structural-pattern-matching>`_.
This can be controlled by the ``match_args`` argument to the class decorators on Python 3.10 and later.
On older versions, it is never added and the argument is ignored.
`815 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/815>`_
- If the class-level *on_setattr* is set to ``attrs.setters.validate`` (default in ``define`` and ``mutable``) but no field defines a validator, pretend that it's not set.
`817 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/817>`_
- The generated ``__repr__`` is significantly faster on Pythons with f-strings.
`819 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/819>`_
- Attributes transformed via ``field_transformer`` are wrapped with ``AttrsClass`` again.
`824 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/824>`_
- Generated source code is now cached more efficiently for identical classes.
`828 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/828>`_
- Added ``attrs.converters.to_bool()``.
`830 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/830>`_
- ``attrs.resolve_types()`` now resolves types of subclasses after the parents are resolved.
`842 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/842>`_
`843 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/843>`_
- Added new validators: ``lt(val)`` (< val), ``le(va)`` (≤ val), ``ge(val)`` (≥ val), ``gt(val)`` (> val), and ``maxlen(n)``.
`845 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/845>`_
- ``attrs`` classes are now fully compatible with `cloudpickle <https://github.com/cloudpipe/cloudpickle>`_ (no need to disable ``repr`` anymore).
`857 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/857>`_
- Added new context manager ``attrs.validators.disabled()`` and functions ``attrs.validators.(set|get)_disabled()``.
They deprecate ``attrs.(set|get)_run_validators()``.
All functions are interoperable and modify the same internal state.
They are not – and never were – thread-safe, though.
`859 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/859>`_
- ``attrs.validators.matches_re()`` now accepts pre-compiled regular expressions in addition to pattern strings.
`877 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/877>`_


----

21.2.0

-------------------

Backward-incompatible Changes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

- We had to revert the recursive feature for ``attr.evolve()`` because it broke some use-cases -- sorry!
`806 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/806>`_
- Python 3.4 is now blocked using packaging metadata because ``attrs`` can't be imported on it anymore.
To ensure that 3.4 users can keep installing  ``attrs`` easily, we will `yank <https://pypi.org/help/#yanked>`_ 21.1.0 from PyPI.
This has **no** consequences if you pin ``attrs`` to 21.1.0.
`807 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/807>`_


----

21.1.0

-------------------

Deprecations
^^^^^^^^^^^^

- The long-awaited, much-talked-about, little-delivered ``import attrs`` is finally upon us!

Since the NG APIs have now been proclaimed stable, the **next** release of ``attrs`` will allow you to actually ``import attrs``.
We're taking this opportunity to replace some defaults in our APIs that made sense in 2015, but don't in 2021.

So please, if you have any pet peeves about defaults in ``attrs``'s APIs, *now* is the time to air your grievances in 487!
We're not gonna get such a chance for a second time, without breaking our backward-compatibility guarantees, or long deprecation cycles.
Therefore, speak now or forever hold you peace!
`487 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/487>`_
- The *cmp* argument to ``attr.s()`` and `attr.ib()` has been **undeprecated**
It will continue to be supported as syntactic sugar to set *eq* and *order* in one go.

I'm terribly sorry for the hassle around this argument!
The reason we're bringing it back is it's usefulness regarding customization of equality/ordering.

The ``cmp`` attribute and argument on ``attr.Attribute`` remains deprecated and will be removed later this year.
`773 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/773>`_


Changes
^^^^^^^

- It's now possible to customize the behavior of ``eq`` and ``order`` by passing in a callable.
`435 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/435>`_,
`627 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/627>`_
- The instant favorite next-generation APIs are not provisional anymore!

They are also officially supported by Mypy as of their `0.800 release <https://mypy-lang.blogspot.com/2021/01/mypy-0800-released.html>`_.

We hope the next release will already contain an (additional) importable package called ``attrs``.
`668 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/668>`_,
`786 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/786>`_
- If an attribute defines a converter, the type of its parameter is used as type annotation for its corresponding ``__init__`` parameter.

If an ``attr.converters.pipe`` is used, the first one's is used.
`710 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/710>`_
- Fixed the creation of an extra slot for an ``attr.ib`` when the parent class already has a slot with the same name.
`718 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/718>`_
- ``__attrs__init__()`` will now be injected if ``init=False``, or if ``auto_detect=True`` and a user-defined ``__init__()`` exists.

This enables users to do "pre-init" work in their ``__init__()`` (such as ``super().__init__()``).

``__init__()`` can then delegate constructor argument processing to ``self.__attrs_init__(*args, **kwargs)``.
`731 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/731>`_
- ``bool(attr.NOTHING)`` is now ``False``.
`732 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/732>`_
- It's now possible to use ``super()`` inside of properties of slotted classes.
`747 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/747>`_
- Allow for a ``__attrs_pre_init__()`` method that -- if defined -- will get called at the beginning of the ``attrs``-generated ``__init__()`` method.
`750 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/750>`_
- Added forgotten ``attr.Attribute.evolve()`` to type stubs.
`752 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/752>`_
- ``attrs.evolve()`` now works recursively with nested ``attrs`` classes.
`759 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/759>`_
- Python 3.10 is now officially supported.
`763 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/763>`_
- ``attr.resolve_types()`` now takes an optional *attrib* argument to work inside a ``field_transformer``.
`774 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/774>`_
- ``ClassVar``\ s are now also detected if they come from `typing-extensions <https://pypi.org/project/typing-extensions/>`_.
`782 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/782>`_
- To make it easier to customize attribute comparison (435), we have added the ``attr.cmp_with()`` helper.

See the `new docs on comparison <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/comparison.html>`_ for more details.
`787 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/787>`_
- Added **provisional** support for static typing in ``pyright`` via the `dataclass_transforms specification <https://github.com/microsoft/pyright/blob/main/specs/dataclass_transforms.md>`_.
Both the ``pyright`` specification and ``attrs`` implementation may change in future versions of both projects.

Your constructive feedback is welcome in both `attrs795 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/795>`_ and `pyright#1782 <https://github.com/microsoft/pyright/discussions/1782>`_.
`796 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/796>`_


----

20.3.0

-------------------

Backward-incompatible Changes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

- ``attr.define()``, ``attr.frozen()``, ``attr.mutable()``, and ``attr.field()`` remain **provisional**.

This release does **not** change anything about them and they are already used widely in production though.

If you wish to use them together with mypy, you can simply drop `this plugin <https://gist.github.com/hynek/1e3844d0c99e479e716169034b5fa963#file-attrs_ng_plugin-py>`_ into your project.

Feel free to provide feedback to them in the linked issue 668.

We will release the ``attrs`` namespace once we have the feeling that the APIs have properly settled.
`668 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/668>`_


Changes
^^^^^^^

- ``attr.s()`` now has a *field_transformer* hook that is called for all ``Attribute``\ s and returns a (modified or updated) list of ``Attribute`` instances.
``attr.asdict()`` has a *value_serializer* hook that can change the way values are converted.
Both hooks are meant to help with data (de-)serialization workflows.
`653 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/653>`_
- ``kw_only=True`` now works on Python 2.
`700 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/700>`_
- ``raise from`` now works on frozen classes on PyPy.
`703 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/703>`_,
`712 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/712>`_
- ``attr.asdict()`` and ``attr.astuple()`` now treat ``frozenset``\ s like ``set``\ s with regards to the *retain_collection_types* argument.
`704 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/704>`_
- The type stubs for ``attr.s()`` and ``attr.make_class()`` are not missing the *collect_by_mro* argument anymore.
`711 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/711>`_


----

20.2.0

-------------------

Backward-incompatible Changes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

- ``attr.define()``, ``attr.frozen()``, ``attr.mutable()``, and ``attr.field()`` remain **provisional**.

This release fixes a bunch of bugs and ergonomics but they remain mostly unchanged.

If you wish to use them together with mypy, you can simply drop `this plugin <https://gist.github.com/hynek/1e3844d0c99e479e716169034b5fa963#file-attrs_ng_plugin-py>`_ into your project.

Feel free to provide feedback to them in the linked issue 668.

We will release the ``attrs`` namespace once we have the feeling that the APIs have properly settled.
`668 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/668>`_


Changes
^^^^^^^

- ``attr.define()`` et al now correct detect ``__eq__`` and ``__ne__``.
`671 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/671>`_
- ``attr.define()`` et al's hybrid behavior now also works correctly when arguments are passed.
`675 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/675>`_
- It's possible to define custom ``__setattr__`` methods on slotted classes again.
`681 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/681>`_
- In 20.1.0 we introduced the ``inherited`` attribute on the ``attr.Attribute`` class to differentiate attributes that have been inherited and those that have been defined directly on the class.

It has shown to be problematic to involve that attribute when comparing instances of ``attr.Attribute`` though, because when sub-classing, attributes from base classes are suddenly not equal to themselves in a super class.

Therefore the ``inherited`` attribute will now be ignored when hashing and comparing instances of ``attr.Attribute``.
`684 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/684>`_
- ``zope.interface`` is now a "soft dependency" when running the test suite; if ``zope.interface`` is not installed when running the test suite, the interface-related tests will be automatically skipped.
`685 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/685>`_
- The ergonomics of creating frozen classes using ``define(frozen=True)`` and sub-classing frozen classes has been improved:
you don't have to set ``on_setattr=None`` anymore.
`687 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/687>`_


----

20.1.0

-------------------

Backward-incompatible Changes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

- Python 3.4 is not supported anymore.
It has been unsupported by the Python core team for a while now, its PyPI downloads are negligible, and our CI provider removed it as a supported option.

It's very unlikely that ``attrs`` will break under 3.4 anytime soon, which is why we do *not* block its installation on Python 3.4.
But we don't test it anymore and will block it once someone reports breakage.
`608 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/608>`_


Deprecations
^^^^^^^^^^^^

- Less of a deprecation and more of a heads up: the next release of ``attrs`` will introduce an ``attrs`` namespace.
That means that you'll finally be able to run ``import attrs`` with new functions that aren't cute abbreviations and that will carry better defaults.

This should not break any of your code, because project-local packages have priority before installed ones.
If this is a problem for you for some reason, please report it to our bug tracker and we'll figure something out.

The old ``attr`` namespace isn't going anywhere and its defaults are not changing – this is a purely additive measure.
Please check out the linked issue for more details.

These new APIs have been added *provisionally* as part of 666 so you can try them out today and provide feedback.
Learn more in the `API docs <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/api.html>`_.
`408 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/408>`_


Changes
^^^^^^^

- Added ``attr.resolve_types()``.
It ensures that all forward-references and types in string form are resolved into concrete types.

You need this only if you need concrete types at runtime.
That means that if you only use types for static type checking, you do **not** need this function.
`288 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/288>`_,
`302 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/302>`_
- Added ``attr.s(collect_by_mro=False)`` argument that if set to ``True`` fixes the collection of attributes from base classes.

It's only necessary for certain cases of multiple-inheritance but is kept off for now for backward-compatibility reasons.
It will be turned on by default in the future.

As a side-effect, ``attr.Attribute`` now *always* has an ``inherited`` attribute indicating whether an attribute on a class was directly defined or inherited.
`428 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/428>`_,
`635 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/635>`_
- On Python 3, all generated methods now have a docstring explaining that they have been created by ``attrs``.
`506 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/506>`_
- It is now possible to prevent ``attrs`` from auto-generating the ``__setstate__`` and ``__getstate__`` methods that are required for pickling of slotted classes.

Either pass ``attr.s(getstate_setstate=False)`` or pass ``attr.s(auto_detect=True)`` and implement them yourself:
if ``attrs`` finds either of the two methods directly on the decorated class, it assumes implicitly ``getstate_setstate=False`` (and implements neither).

This option works with dict classes but should never be necessary.
`512 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/512>`_,
`513 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/513>`_,
`642 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/642>`_
- Fixed a ``ValueError: Cell is empty`` bug that could happen in some rare edge cases.
`590 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/590>`_
- ``attrs`` can now automatically detect your own implementations and infer ``init=False``, ``repr=False``, ``eq=False``, ``order=False``, and ``hash=False`` if you set ``attr.s(auto_detect=True)``.
``attrs`` will ignore inherited methods.
If the argument implies more than one method (e.g. ``eq=True`` creates both ``__eq__`` and ``__ne__``), it's enough for *one* of them to exist and ``attrs`` will create *neither*.

This feature requires Python 3.
`607 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/607>`_
- Added ``attr.converters.pipe()``.
The feature allows combining multiple conversion callbacks into one by piping the value through all of them, and retuning the last result.

As part of this feature, we had to relax the type information for converter callables.
`618 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/618>`_
- Fixed serialization behavior of non-slots classes with ``cache_hash=True``.
The hash cache will be cleared on operations which make "deep copies" of instances of classes with hash caching,
though the cache will not be cleared with shallow copies like those made by ``copy.copy()``.

Previously, ``copy.deepcopy()`` or serialization and deserialization with ``pickle`` would result in an un-initialized object.

This change also allows the creation of ``cache_hash=True`` classes with a custom ``__setstate__``,
which was previously forbidden (`494 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/494>`_).
`620 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/620>`_
- It is now possible to specify hooks that are called whenever an attribute is set **after** a class has been instantiated.

You can pass ``on_setattr`` both to ``attr.s()`` to set the default for all attributes on a class, and to ``attr.ib()`` to overwrite it for individual attributes.

``attrs`` also comes with a new module ``attr.setters`` that brings helpers that run validators, converters, or allow to freeze a subset of attributes.
`645 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/645>`_,
`660 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/660>`_
- **Provisional** APIs called ``attr.define()``, ``attr.mutable()``, and ``attr.frozen()`` have been added.

They are only available on Python 3.6 and later, and call ``attr.s()`` with different default values.

If nothing comes up, they will become the official way for creating classes in 20.2.0 (see above).

**Please note** that it may take some time until mypy – and other tools that have dedicated support for ``attrs`` – recognize these new APIs.
Please **do not** open issues on our bug tracker, there is nothing we can do about it.
`666 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/666>`_
- We have also provisionally added ``attr.field()`` that supplants ``attr.ib()``.
It also requires at least Python 3.6 and is keyword-only.
Other than that, it only dropped a few arguments, but changed no defaults.

As with ``attr.s()``: ``attr.ib()`` is not going anywhere.
`669 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/669>`_


----

Links

• PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/attrs
• Changelog: https://pyup.io/changelogs/attrs/
• Homepage: https://www.attrs.org/