What to use instead of string for x0?

[sergeyf]

Hello,

Before a recent version I used to call fmin as follows:

    lower_bounds = np.array([0, 0 ,0])
    upper_bounds = np.array([1, 1, 1])
    result = cma.fmin(
        loss_function,
        f'np.random.uniform({list(lower_bounds)}, {list(upper_bounds)})', 
        std,
        {
            'bounds': [lower_bounds, upper_bounds],
            'popsize': popsize,
            'verbose': -9,
            'CMA_stds': upper_bounds / 4
        },
        restarts=restarts,
        bipop=True
    )

Now, however I am getting errors that x0 can no longer be a string. What is the right way to get a random init for each restart? The documentation still says "use a string".

Thanks for the great package!

[nikohansen]

Damn, the documentation is wrong ;-)

The error message gives a hint though:

ValueError: x0 may be a callable, but a string is no longer permitted

Using

lambda : np.random.uniform(lower_bounds, upper_bounds)

in place of

f'np.random.uniform({list(lower_bounds)}, {list(upper_bounds)})'

seems to work for me. I am very sorry for the inconvenience, changing interfaces are a real annoyance...

[sergeyf]

Thank you :)

The inconvenience is truly minor compared to the hugely wonderful package itself!