overwrite atmos albedo

[juliasloan25]

As of our update to ClimaAtmos v0.21.0 (PR), ClimaAtmos is using ConstantAlbedo, and it doesn't get updated in coupled runs. We want to overwrite this albedo in the coupler with the albedo provided by the land model

Diffuse and direct albedo will also be needed bu the Big leaf model, so we implement a more general solution here.

• atmos hook for the coupler - Hooks for external albedo modification ClimaAtmos.jl#2746
• implement coupler hook
• test expected behaviour
  • slabplanet no change
  • AMIP ocean albedo function of latitude, show that land and ice albedo is not overwritten

• modify docs

Components of the implementation

• 2 new coupler fields for albedo_direct and albedo_diffuse, as well as in the stub models
• generalize the get_field functions to these two types of albedo
• 2 new temp fields for dynamic calculations, avoiding allocation on the fly (this can be used in other places in the code to improve performance) see add temp field on boundary space to cache #584
• new function for water_albedo_from_wind! in the FluxCalculator and an extended method for ClimaAtmos