[RFC] useDefaultImplementationForLowCardinalityColumns should not return LowCardinality for small types

[Algunenano]

Somewhat related to #63458
Also related to #63398

We don't support LowCardinality on small types on CREATE queries (unless allow_suspicious_low_cardinality_types is enabled) because it's useless, bad for performance and takes more space.

But then we do this:

SELECT
    toInt16(CAST('1', 'LowCardinality(String)')) AS i,
    toTypeName(i)

Query id: 95fda3e0-f823-48a6-8bd6-545ffb0de2b5

   ┌─i─┬─toTypeName(i)─────────┐
1. │ 1 │ LowCardinality(Int16) │
   └───┴───────────────────────┘

1 row in set. Elapsed: 0.001 sec. 

SELECT
    toLowCardinality(1) + toLowCardinality(2) AS d,
    toTypeName(d)

Query id: b463b441-f97b-45c8-8733-3426886caf37

   ┌─d─┬─toTypeName(d)──────────┐
1. │ 3 │ LowCardinality(UInt16) │
   └───┴────────────────────────┘

I think we shouldn't wrap the return type of functions with LowCardinality by default unless it's of a big type, that is, ignore the ones disallowed by allow_suspicious_low_cardinality_types.

This might be a breaking change, so I'd rather hear thoughts first.