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Blockchain networks opened the possibility of new institutional models built with open source code, able to resist censorship and scale participation globally. However, Bitcoin’s original White Paper description of [https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf “one-CPU-one-vote”] shaped the industry to think governance centered around machines, not people. Although a fundamental right to privacy bent early blockchain design towards anonymity, the lack of a robust notion of unique identity renders its governance practices into plutocracies: membership is often defined by stake ownership, enabling large holders to [ https://www.evanvanness.com/post/184616403861/aragon-vote-shows-the-perils-of-onchain-governance swing votes] according to their own preferences.

Traditional identity mechanisms verify humans with KYC processes able to connect personal data to an identifier. However, storing this type of data in an immutable ledger — even in encrypted form — presents several security vulnerabilities, making this approach unsuitable for most use cases. What is needed is a credential solution able to protect privacy by taking as a principle the guideline described by Edward Snowden during the 2019 Web3 Summit in Berlin: “It is important to differentiate between verifying an identity, and verifying the right to use a technology”. The present approach does so by circumventing the need to request any data point from individuals; instead it infers the probability of an address belonging to a human based on its connection to DAOs - i.e. entities capturing decisions that cannot be automated away, and thus entail human entropy. Replica inverts the focus taken by traditional verification mechanisms: it assumes by default that all addresses on chain are replicas; having that as a starting ground, it compute metrics that point towards increased uniqueness, drawing from the intersection of DAOs in which any given address is a member, as well as their relative presence in the social graph of blockchain-based transactions. We expect a successful implementation of the Replica algorithm to prove hard for any living person to demonstrate she holds the private keys to a collection of public addresses that will add up to a score over 1.00, signaling she is 100% human. Finally, Replica addresses the question of "Who verifies the verifier?" by creating an intersubjective space that combines a subjective function providing legitimacy to DAOs based on Quadratic Voting, and an objective function that applies the Gini Coefficient to measure the democratic virtue of any DAO existing on the Ethereum blockchain. Replica is designed to enable the implementation of blockchain-based democracy, UBI and portable reputation (credit), without the need to sacrifice privacy, incentivizing participation on the blockchain economy to earn rights.
Traditional identity mechanisms verify humans with KYC processes able to connect personal information to an identifier. However, storing this type of data in an immutable ledger — even in encrypted form — presents several security vulnerabilities. What is needed is a credential solution that protects privacy by taking as a principle the guideline described by Edward Snowden during the 2019 Web3 Summit in Berlin: “It is important to differentiate between verifying an identity, and verifying the right to use a technology”. As individuals interweave their intellects with digital neural networks, the continuum between the semantics of people and organizations becomes increasingly elusive. In that sense, the nature of identity understood as the atomic expression of individuals embodied in a single human can be expanded to encompass social and intersectional markers. The present approach circumvents the need to request any data point from individuals; instead it infers the probability of an address belonging to a human based on its connection to DAOs - i.e. entities capturing decisions that cannot be automated away, and thus entail human entropy. Replica inverts the focus taken by traditional verification mechanisms: it assumes by default that all addresses on chain are replicas; having that as a starting ground, it compute metrics that point towards increased uniqueness, drawing from the intersection of DAOs in which any given address is a member, as well as their relative presence in the social graph of blockchain-based transactions. We expect a successful implementation of the Replica algorithm to prove hard for any living person to demonstrate she holds the private keys to a collection of public addresses that will add up to a score over 1.00, signaling she is 100% human. Finally, Replica addresses the question of "Who verifies the verifier?" by creating an intersubjective space that combines a subjective function providing legitimacy to DAOs based on Quadratic Voting, and an objective function that applies the Gini Coefficient to measure the democratic virtue of any DAO existing on the Ethereum blockchain. Replica is designed to enable the implementation of blockchain-based democracy, UBI and portable reputation (credit), without the need to sacrifice privacy, incentivizing participation on the blockchain economy to earn rights.

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