Introduce a new database API, based on PDO

This commit brings a new API for the datbase layer.
Instead of creating our dynamic SQL queries with concat and sprintf

The way it works is that you first start with on of the factory methods
available in the Database class. You then use the created
DatabaseStatement and its chainable API to add `part` to the clause.

This is very much a WIP. The API will change at some point.

Re symphonycms#2604
Fixes symphonycms#2562
Re symphonycms#2472
Re symphonycms#2448
Fixes #2425
Re symphonycms#2015

Picked from 69439c6
Picked from 33102ad

symphony/lib/core/class.errorhandler.php

@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ public static function render($e)
         $queries = null;
 
         if (is_object(Symphony::Database())) {
-            $debug = Symphony::Database()->debug();
+            $debug = Symphony::Database()->getLogs();
 
             if (!empty($debug)) {
                 foreach ($debug as $query) {

symphony/lib/core/class.symphony.php

@@ -317,6 +317,7 @@ public static function ExtensionManager()
      * is omitted, this function will set `$Database` to be of the `MySQL`
      * class.
      *
+     * @deprecated @since Symphony 3.0.0 - This function now does nothing
      * @since Symphony 2.3
      * @param StdClass $database (optional)
      *  The class to handle all Database operations, if omitted this function
@@ -326,12 +327,6 @@ public static function ExtensionManager()
      */
     public static function setDatabase(StdClass $database = null)
     {
-        if (self::Database()) {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        self::$Database = !is_null($database) ? $database : new MySQL;
-
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -357,38 +352,17 @@ public static function Database()
      */
     public static function initialiseDatabase()
     {
-        self::setDatabase();
         $details = self::Configuration()->get('database');
+        self::$Database = new Database($details);
 
         try {
-            if (!self::Database()->connect($details['host'], $details['user'], $details['password'], $details['port'], $details['db'])) {
-                return false;
-            }
+            self::Database()->connect();
 
             if (!self::Database()->isConnected()) {
                 return false;
             }
 
-            self::Database()->setPrefix($details['tbl_prefix']);
-            self::Database()->setCharacterEncoding();
-            self::Database()->setCharacterSet();
             self::Database()->setTimeZone(self::Configuration()->get('timezone', 'region'));
-
-            if (isset($details['query_caching'])) {
-                if ($details['query_caching'] == 'off') {
-                    self::Database()->disableCaching();
-                } elseif ($details['query_caching'] == 'on') {
-                    self::Database()->enableCaching();
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (isset($details['query_logging'])) {
-                if ($details['query_logging'] == 'off') {
-                    self::Database()->disableLogging();
-                } elseif ($details['query_logging'] == 'on') {
-                    self::Database()->enableLogging();
-                }
-            }
         } catch (DatabaseException $e) {
             self::throwCustomError(
                 $e->getDatabaseErrorCode() . ': ' . $e->getDatabaseErrorMessage(),
@@ -959,7 +933,7 @@ public static function render($e)
         }
 
         if (is_object(Symphony::Database())) {
-            $debug = Symphony::Database()->debug();
+            $debug = Symphony::Database()->getLogs();
 
             if (!empty($debug)) {
                 foreach ($debug as $query) {