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ewma.go
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ewma.go
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package metrics
import (
"math"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
)
// EWMAs continuously calculate an exponentially-weighted moving average
// based on an outside source of clock ticks.
type EWMA interface {
Rate() float64
Snapshot() EWMA
Tick()
Update(int64)
}
// NewEWMA constructs a new EWMA with the given alpha.
func NewEWMA(alpha float64) EWMA {
return &StandardEWMA{alpha: alpha}
}
// NewEWMA1 constructs a new EWMA for a one-minute moving average.
func NewEWMA1() EWMA {
return NewEWMA(1 - math.Exp(-5.0/60.0/1))
}
// NewEWMA5 constructs a new EWMA for a five-minute moving average.
func NewEWMA5() EWMA {
return NewEWMA(1 - math.Exp(-5.0/60.0/5))
}
// NewEWMA15 constructs a new EWMA for a fifteen-minute moving average.
func NewEWMA15() EWMA {
return NewEWMA(1 - math.Exp(-5.0/60.0/15))
}
// EWMASnapshot is a read-only copy of another EWMA.
type EWMASnapshot float64
// Rate returns the rate of events per second at the time the snapshot was
// taken.
func (a EWMASnapshot) Rate() float64 { return float64(a) }
// Snapshot returns the snapshot.
func (a EWMASnapshot) Snapshot() EWMA { return a }
// Tick panics.
func (EWMASnapshot) Tick() {
panic("Tick called on an EWMASnapshot")
}
// Update panics.
func (EWMASnapshot) Update(int64) {
panic("Update called on an EWMASnapshot")
}
// NilEWMA is a no-op EWMA.
type NilEWMA struct{}
// Rate is a no-op.
func (NilEWMA) Rate() float64 { return 0.0 }
// Snapshot is a no-op.
func (NilEWMA) Snapshot() EWMA { return NilEWMA{} }
// Tick is a no-op.
func (NilEWMA) Tick() {}
// Update is a no-op.
func (NilEWMA) Update(n int64) {}
// StandardEWMA is the standard implementation of an EWMA and tracks the number
// of uncounted events and processes them on each tick. It uses the
// sync/atomic package to manage uncounted events.
type StandardEWMA struct {
uncounted int64 // /!\ this should be the first member to ensure 64-bit alignment
alpha float64
rate float64
init bool
mutex sync.Mutex
}
// Rate returns the moving average rate of events per second.
func (a *StandardEWMA) Rate() float64 {
a.mutex.Lock()
defer a.mutex.Unlock()
return a.rate * float64(time.Second)
}
// Snapshot returns a read-only copy of the EWMA.
func (a *StandardEWMA) Snapshot() EWMA {
return EWMASnapshot(a.Rate())
}
// Tick ticks the clock to update the moving average. It assumes it is called
// every five seconds.
func (a *StandardEWMA) Tick() {
count := atomic.LoadInt64(&a.uncounted)
atomic.AddInt64(&a.uncounted, -count)
instantRate := float64(count) / float64(5*time.Second)
a.mutex.Lock()
defer a.mutex.Unlock()
if a.init {
a.rate += a.alpha * (instantRate - a.rate)
} else {
a.init = true
a.rate = instantRate
}
}
// Update adds n uncounted events.
func (a *StandardEWMA) Update(n int64) {
atomic.AddInt64(&a.uncounted, n)
}