Mojo::DOM58 - Minimalistic HTML/XML DOM parser with CSS selectors
use Mojo::DOM58;
# Parse
my $dom = Mojo::DOM58->new('<div><p id="a">Test</p><p id="b">123</p></div>');
# Find
say $dom->at('#b')->text;
say $dom->find('p')->map('text')->join("\n");
say $dom->find('[id]')->map(attr => 'id')->join("\n");
# Iterate
$dom->find('p[id]')->reverse->each(sub { say $_->{id} });
# Loop
for my $e ($dom->find('p[id]')->each) {
say $e->{id}, ':', $e->text;
}
# Modify
$dom->find('div p')->last->append('<p id="c">456</p>');
$dom->at('#c')->prepend($dom->new_tag('p', id => 'd', '789'));
$dom->find(':not(p)')->map('strip');
# Render
say "$dom";
Mojo::DOM58 is a minimalistic and relaxed pure-perl HTML/XML DOM parser based on Mojo::DOM. It supports the HTML Living Standard and Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, and matching based on CSS3 selectors. It will even try to interpret broken HTML and XML, so you should not use it for validation.
Mojo::DOM58 is a fork of Mojo::DOM and tracks features and fixes to stay closely compatible with upstream. It differs only in the standalone format and compatibility with Perl 5.8. Any bugs or patches not related to these changes should be reported directly to the Mojolicious issue tracker.
This release of Mojo::DOM58 is up to date with version 9.0
of Mojolicious.
When we parse an HTML/XML fragment, it gets turned into a tree of nodes.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Hello</title></head>
<body>World!</body>
</html>
There are currently eight different kinds of nodes, cdata
, comment
, doctype
, pi
, raw
, root
, tag
and text
. Elements are nodes of the type tag
.
root
|- doctype (html)
+- tag (html)
|- tag (head)
| +- tag (title)
| +- raw (Hello)
+- tag (body)
+- text (World!)
While all node types are represented as Mojo::DOM58 objects, some methods like "attr" and "namespace" only apply to elements.
Mojo::DOM58 defaults to HTML semantics, that means all tags and attribute names are lowercased and selectors need to be lowercase as well.
# HTML semantics
my $dom = Mojo::DOM58->new('<P ID="greeting">Hi!</P>');
say $dom->at('p[id]')->text;
If an XML declaration is found, the parser will automatically switch into XML mode and everything becomes case-sensitive.
# XML semantics
my $dom = Mojo::DOM58->new('<?xml version="1.0"?><P ID="greeting">Hi!</P>');
say $dom->at('P[ID]')->text;
HTML or XML semantics can also be forced with the "xml" method.
# Force HTML semantics
my $dom = Mojo::DOM58->new->xml(0)->parse('<P ID="greeting">Hi!</P>');
say $dom->at('p[id]')->text;
# Force XML semantics
my $dom = Mojo::DOM58->new->xml(1)->parse('<P ID="greeting">Hi!</P>');
say $dom->at('P[ID]')->text;
Mojo::DOM58 uses a CSS selector engine based on Mojo::DOM::CSS. All CSS selectors that make sense for a standalone parser are supported.
- *
-
Any element.
my $all = $dom->find('*');
- E
-
An element of type
E
.my $title = $dom->at('title');
- E[foo]
-
An
E
element with afoo
attribute.my $links = $dom->find('a[href]');
- E[foo="bar"]
-
An
E
element whosefoo
attribute value is exactly equal tobar
.my $case_sensitive = $dom->find('input[type="hidden"]'); my $case_sensitive = $dom->find('input[type=hidden]');
- E[foo="bar" i]
-
An
E
element whosefoo
attribute value is exactly equal to any (ASCII-range) case-permutation ofbar
. Note that this selector is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!my $case_insensitive = $dom->find('input[type="hidden" i]'); my $case_insensitive = $dom->find('input[type=hidden i]'); my $case_insensitive = $dom->find('input[class~="foo" i]');
This selector is part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.
- E[foo="bar" s]
-
An
E
element whosefoo
attribute value is exactly and case-sensitively equal tobar
. Note that this selector is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!my $case_sensitive = $dom->find('input[type="hidden" s]');
This selector is part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.
- E[foo~="bar"]
-
An
E
element whosefoo
attribute value is a list of whitespace-separated values, one of which is exactly equal tobar
.my $foo = $dom->find('input[class~="foo"]'); my $foo = $dom->find('input[class~=foo]');
- E[foo^="bar"]
-
An
E
element whosefoo
attribute value begins exactly with the stringbar
.my $begins_with = $dom->find('input[name^="f"]'); my $begins_with = $dom->find('input[name^=f]');
- E[foo$="bar"]
-
An
E
element whosefoo
attribute value ends exactly with the stringbar
.my $ends_with = $dom->find('input[name$="o"]'); my $ends_with = $dom->find('input[name$=o]');
- E[foo*="bar"]
-
An
E
element whosefoo
attribute value contains the substringbar
.my $contains = $dom->find('input[name*="fo"]'); my $contains = $dom->find('input[name*=fo]');
- E[foo|="en"]
-
An
E
element whosefoo
attribute has a hyphen-separated list of values beginning (from the left) withen
.my $english = $dom->find('link[hreflang|=en]');
- E:root
-
An
E
element, root of the document.my $root = $dom->at(':root');
- E:nth-child(n)
-
An
E
element, then-th
child of its parent.my $third = $dom->find('div:nth-child(3)'); my $odd = $dom->find('div:nth-child(odd)'); my $even = $dom->find('div:nth-child(even)'); my $top3 = $dom->find('div:nth-child(-n+3)');
- E:nth-last-child(n)
-
An
E
element, then-th
child of its parent, counting from the last one.my $third = $dom->find('div:nth-last-child(3)'); my $odd = $dom->find('div:nth-last-child(odd)'); my $even = $dom->find('div:nth-last-child(even)'); my $bottom3 = $dom->find('div:nth-last-child(-n+3)');
- E:nth-of-type(n)
-
An
E
element, then-th
sibling of its type.my $third = $dom->find('div:nth-of-type(3)'); my $odd = $dom->find('div:nth-of-type(odd)'); my $even = $dom->find('div:nth-of-type(even)'); my $top3 = $dom->find('div:nth-of-type(-n+3)');
- E:nth-last-of-type(n)
-
An
E
element, then-th
sibling of its type, counting from the last one.my $third = $dom->find('div:nth-last-of-type(3)'); my $odd = $dom->find('div:nth-last-of-type(odd)'); my $even = $dom->find('div:nth-last-of-type(even)'); my $bottom3 = $dom->find('div:nth-last-of-type(-n+3)');
- E:first-child
-
An
E
element, first child of its parent.my $first = $dom->find('div p:first-child');
- E:last-child
-
An
E
element, last child of its parent.my $last = $dom->find('div p:last-child');
- E:first-of-type
-
An
E
element, first sibling of its type.my $first = $dom->find('div p:first-of-type');
- E:last-of-type
-
An
E
element, last sibling of its type.my $last = $dom->find('div p:last-of-type');
- E:only-child
-
An
E
element, only child of its parent.my $lonely = $dom->find('div p:only-child');
- E:only-of-type
-
An
E
element, only sibling of its type.my $lonely = $dom->find('div p:only-of-type');
- E:empty
-
An
E
element that has no children (including text nodes).my $empty = $dom->find(':empty');
- E:any-link
-
Alias for "E:link". Note that this selector is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning! This selector is part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.
- E:link
-
An
E
element being the source anchor of a hyperlink of which the target is not yet visited (:link
) or already visited (:visited
). Note that Mojo::DOM58 is not stateful, therefore:any-link
,:link
and:visited
yield exactly the same results.my $links = $dom->find(':any-link'); my $links = $dom->find(':link'); my $links = $dom->find(':visited');
- E:visited
-
Alias for "E:link".
- E:scope
-
An
E
element being a designated reference element. Note that this selector is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!my $scoped = $dom->find('a:not(:scope > a)'); my $scoped = $dom->find('div :scope p'); my $scoped = $dom->find('~ p');
This selector is part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.
- E:checked
-
A user interface element
E
which is checked (for instance a radio-button or checkbox).my $input = $dom->find(':checked');
- E.warning
-
An
E
element whose class is "warning".my $warning = $dom->find('div.warning');
- E#myid
-
An
E
element withID
equal to "myid".my $foo = $dom->at('div#foo');
- E:not(s1, s2)
-
An
E
element that does not match either compound selectors1
or compound selectors2
. Note that support for compound selectors is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!my $others = $dom->find('div p:not(:first-child, :last-child)');
Support for compound selectors was added as part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.
- E:is(s1, s2)
-
An
E
element that matches compound selectors1
and/or compound selectors2
. Note that this selector is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!my $headers = $dom->find(':is(section, article, aside, nav) h1');
This selector is part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress.
- E:has(rs1, rs2)
-
An
E
element, if either of the relative selectorsrs1
orrs2
, when evaluated withE
as the :scope elements, match an element. Note that this selector is EXPERIMENTAL and might change without warning!my $link = $dom->find('a:has(> img)');
This selector is part of Selectors Level 4, which is still a work in progress. Also be aware that this feature is currently marked
at-risk
, so there is a high chance that it will get removed completely. - A|E
-
An
E
element that belongs to the namespace aliasA
from CSS Namespaces Module Level 3. Key/value pairs passed to selector methods are used to declare namespace aliases.my $elem = $dom->find('lq|elem', lq => 'http://example.com/q-markup');
Using an empty alias searches for an element that belongs to no namespace.
my $div = $dom->find('|div');
- E F
-
An
F
element descendant of anE
element.my $headlines = $dom->find('div h1');
- E > F
-
An
F
element child of anE
element.my $headlines = $dom->find('html > body > div > h1');
- E + F
-
An
F
element immediately preceded by anE
element.my $second = $dom->find('h1 + h2');
- E ~ F
-
An
F
element preceded by anE
element.my $second = $dom->find('h1 ~ h2');
- E, F, G
-
Elements of type
E
,F
andG
.my $headlines = $dom->find('h1, h2, h3');
- E[foo=bar][bar=baz]
-
An
E
element whose attributes match all following attribute selectors.my $links = $dom->find('a[foo^=b][foo$=ar]');
Mojo::DOM58 overloads the following operators.
my @nodes = @$dom;
Alias for "child_nodes".
# "<!-- Test -->"
$dom->parse('<!-- Test --><b>123</b>')->[0];
my $bool = !!$dom;
Always true.
my %attrs = %$dom;
Alias for "attr".
# "test"
$dom->parse('<div id="test">Test</div>')->at('div')->{id};
my $str = "$dom";
Alias for "to_string".
Mojo::DOM58 implements the following functions, which can be imported individually.
my $str = tag_to_html 'div', id => 'foo', 'safe content';
Generate HTML/XML tag and render it right away. This is a significantly faster alternative to "new_tag" for template systems that have to generate a lot of tags.
Mojo::DOM58 implements the following methods.
my $dom = Mojo::DOM58->new;
my $dom = Mojo::DOM58->new('<foo bar="baz">I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</foo>');
Construct a new scalar-based Mojo::DOM58 object and "parse" HTML/XML fragment if necessary.
my $tag = Mojo::DOM58->new_tag('div');
my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div');
my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', hidden => undef);
my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', 'safe content');
my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', 'safe content');
my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', data => {mojo => 'rocks'}, 'safe content');
my $tag = $dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', sub { 'unsafe content' });
Construct a new Mojo::DOM58 object for an HTML/XML tag with or without attributes and content. The data
attribute may contain a hash reference with key/value pairs to generate attributes from.
# "<br>"
$dom->new_tag('br');
# "<div></div>"
$dom->new_tag('div');
# "<div id="foo" hidden></div>"
$dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', hidden => undef);
# "<div>test & 123</div>"
$dom->new_tag('div', 'test & 123');
# "<div id="foo">test & 123</div>"
$dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', 'test & 123');
# "<div data-foo="1" data-bar="test">test & 123</div>""
$dom->new_tag('div', data => {foo => 1, Bar => 'test'}, 'test & 123');
# "<div id="foo">test & 123</div>"
$dom->new_tag('div', id => 'foo', sub { 'test & 123' });
# "<div>Hello<b>Mojo!</b></div>"
$dom->parse('<div>Hello</div>')->at('div')
->append_content($dom->new_tag('b', 'Mojo!'))->root;
my $text = $dom->all_text;
Extract text content from all descendant nodes of this element. For HTML documents script
and style
elements are excluded.
# "foo\nbarbaz\n"
$dom->parse("<div>foo\n<p>bar</p>baz\n</div>")->at('div')->all_text;
my $collection = $dom->ancestors;
my $collection = $dom->ancestors('div ~ p');
Find all ancestor elements of this node matching the CSS selector and return a collection containing these elements as Mojo::DOM58 objects. All selectors listed in "SELECTORS" are supported.
# List tag names of ancestor elements
say $dom->ancestors->map('tag')->join("\n");
$dom = $dom->append('<p>I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</p>');
$dom = $dom->append(Mojo::DOM58->new);
Append HTML/XML fragment to this node (for all node types other than root
).
# "<div><h1>Test</h1><h2>123</h2></div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')
->at('h1')->append('<h2>123</h2>')->root;
# "<p>Test 123</p>"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')
->child_nodes->first->append(' 123')->root;
$dom = $dom->append_content('<p>I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</p>');
$dom = $dom->append_content(Mojo::DOM58->new);
Append HTML/XML fragment (for root
and tag
nodes) or raw content to this node's content.
# "<div><h1>Test123</h1></div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')
->at('h1')->append_content('123')->root;
# "<!-- Test 123 --><br>"
$dom->parse('<!-- Test --><br>')
->child_nodes->first->append_content('123 ')->root;
# "<p>Test<i>123</i></p>"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->append_content('<i>123</i>')->root;
my $result = $dom->at('div ~ p');
my $result = $dom->at('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
Find first descendant element of this element matching the CSS selector and return it as a Mojo::DOM58 object, or undef
if none could be found. All selectors listed in "SELECTORS" are supported.
# Find first element with "svg" namespace definition
my $namespace = $dom->at('[xmlns\:svg]')->{'xmlns:svg'};
Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.
# "<rect />"
$dom->parse('<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect /></svg>')
->at('svg|rect', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
my $hash = $dom->attr;
my $foo = $dom->attr('foo');
$dom = $dom->attr({foo => 'bar'});
$dom = $dom->attr(foo => 'bar');
This element's attributes.
# Remove an attribute
delete $dom->attr->{id};
# Attribute without value
$dom->attr(selected => undef);
# List id attributes
say $dom->find('*')->map(attr => 'id')->compact->join("\n");
my $collection = $dom->child_nodes;
Return a collection containing all child nodes of this element as Mojo::DOM58 objects.
# "<p><b>123</b></p>"
$dom->parse('<p>Test<b>123</b></p>')->at('p')->child_nodes->first->remove;
# "<!DOCTYPE html>"
$dom->parse('<!DOCTYPE html><b>123</b>')->child_nodes->first;
# " Test "
$dom->parse('<b>123</b><!-- Test -->')->child_nodes->last->content;
my $collection = $dom->children;
my $collection = $dom->children('div ~ p');
Find all child elements of this element matching the CSS selector and return a collection containing these elements as Mojo::DOM58 objects. All selectors listed in "SELECTORS" are supported.
# Show tag name of random child element
say $dom->children->shuffle->first->tag;
my $str = $dom->content;
$dom = $dom->content('<p>I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</p>');
$dom = $dom->content(Mojo::DOM58->new);
Return this node's content or replace it with HTML/XML fragment (for root
and tag
nodes) or raw content.
# "<b>Test</b>"
$dom->parse('<div><b>Test</b></div>')->at('div')->content;
# "<div><h1>123</h1></div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->content('123')->root;
# "<p><i>123</i></p>"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->content('<i>123</i>')->root;
# "<div><h1></h1></div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->content('')->root;
# " Test "
$dom->parse('<!-- Test --><br>')->child_nodes->first->content;
# "<div><!-- 123 -->456</div>"
$dom->parse('<div><!-- Test -->456</div>')
->at('div')->child_nodes->first->content(' 123 ')->root;
my $collection = $dom->descendant_nodes;
Return a collection containing all descendant nodes of this element as Mojo::DOM58 objects.
# "<p><b>123</b></p>"
$dom->parse('<p><!-- Test --><b>123<!-- 456 --></b></p>')
->descendant_nodes->grep(sub { $_->type eq 'comment' })
->map('remove')->first;
# "<p><b>test</b>test</p>"
$dom->parse('<p><b>123</b>456</p>')
->at('p')->descendant_nodes->grep(sub { $_->type eq 'text' })
->map(content => 'test')->first->root;
my $collection = $dom->find('div ~ p');
my $collection = $dom->find('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
Find all descendant elements of this element matching the CSS selector and return a collection containing these elements as Mojo::DOM58 objects. All selectors listed in "SELECTORS" are supported.
# Find a specific element and extract information
my $id = $dom->find('div')->[23]{id};
# Extract information from multiple elements
my @headers = $dom->find('h1, h2, h3')->map('text')->each;
# Count all the different tags
my $hash = $dom->find('*')->reduce(sub { $a->{$b->tag}++; $a }, {});
# Find elements with a class that contains dots
my @divs = $dom->find('div.foo\.bar')->each;
Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.
# "<rect />"
$dom->parse('<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect /></svg>')
->find('svg|rect', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg')->first;
my $collection = $dom->following;
my $collection = $dom->following('div ~ p');
Find all sibling elements after this node matching the CSS selector and return a collection containing these elements as Mojo::DOM58 objects. All selectors listed in "SELECTORS" are supported.
# List tags of sibling elements after this node
say $dom->following->map('tag')->join("\n");
my $collection = $dom->following_nodes;
Return a collection containing all sibling nodes after this node as Mojo::DOM58 objects.
# "C"
$dom->parse('<p>A</p><!-- B -->C')->at('p')->following_nodes->last->content;
my $bool = $dom->matches('div ~ p');
my $bool = $dom->matches('svg|line', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
Check if this element matches the CSS selector. All selectors listed in "SELECTORS" are supported.
# True
$dom->parse('<p class="a">A</p>')->at('p')->matches('.a');
$dom->parse('<p class="a">A</p>')->at('p')->matches('p[class]');
# False
$dom->parse('<p class="a">A</p>')->at('p')->matches('.b');
$dom->parse('<p class="a">A</p>')->at('p')->matches('p[id]');
Trailing key/value pairs can be used to declare xml namespace aliases.
# True
$dom->parse('<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect /></svg>')
->matches('svg|rect', svg => 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg');
my $namespace = $dom->namespace;
Find this element's namespace, or return undef
if none could be found.
# "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
Mojo::DOM58->new('<svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><svg:circle>3.14</svg:circle></svg>')->at('svg\:circle')->namespace;
# Find namespace for an element with namespace prefix
my $namespace = $dom->at('svg > svg\:circle')->namespace;
# Find namespace for an element that may or may not have a namespace prefix
my $namespace = $dom->at('svg > circle')->namespace;
my $sibling = $dom->next;
Return Mojo::DOM58 object for next sibling element, or undef
if there are no more siblings.
# "<h2>123</h2>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1><h2>123</h2></div>')->at('h1')->next;
my $sibling = $dom->next_node;
Return Mojo::DOM58 object for next sibling node, or undef
if there are no more siblings.
# "456"
$dom->parse('<p><b>123</b><!-- Test -->456</p>')
->at('b')->next_node->next_node;
# " Test "
$dom->parse('<p><b>123</b><!-- Test -->456</p>')
->at('b')->next_node->content;
my $parent = $dom->parent;
Return Mojo::DOM58 object for parent of this node, or undef
if this node has no parent.
# "<b><i>Test</i></b>"
$dom->parse('<p><b><i>Test</i></b></p>')->at('i')->parent;
$dom = $dom->parse('<foo bar="baz">I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</foo>');
Parse HTML/XML fragment.
# Parse XML
my $dom = Mojo::DOM58->new->xml(1)->parse('<foo>I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</foo>');
my $collection = $dom->preceding;
my $collection = $dom->preceding('div ~ p');
Find all sibling elements before this node matching the CSS selector and return a collection containing these elements as Mojo::DOM58 objects. All selectors listed in "SELECTORS" are supported.
# List tags of sibling elements before this node
say $dom->preceding->map('tag')->join("\n");
my $collection = $dom->preceding_nodes;
Return a collection containing all sibling nodes before this node as Mojo::DOM58 objects.
# "A"
$dom->parse('A<!-- B --><p>C</p>')->at('p')->preceding_nodes->first->content;
$dom = $dom->prepend('<p>I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</p>');
$dom = $dom->prepend(Mojo::DOM58->new);
Prepend HTML/XML fragment to this node (for all node types other than root
).
# "<div><h1>Test</h1><h2>123</h2></div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h2>123</h2></div>')
->at('h2')->prepend('<h1>Test</h1>')->root;
# "<p>Test 123</p>"
$dom->parse('<p>123</p>')
->at('p')->child_nodes->first->prepend('Test ')->root;
$dom = $dom->prepend_content('<p>I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</p>');
$dom = $dom->prepend_content(Mojo::DOM58->new);
Prepend HTML/XML fragment (for root
and tag
nodes) or raw content to this node's content.
# "<div><h2>Test123</h2></div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h2>123</h2></div>')
->at('h2')->prepend_content('Test')->root;
# "<!-- Test 123 --><br>"
$dom->parse('<!-- 123 --><br>')
->child_nodes->first->prepend_content(' Test')->root;
# "<p><i>123</i>Test</p>"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->prepend_content('<i>123</i>')->root;
my $sibling = $dom->previous;
Return Mojo::DOM58 object for previous sibling element, or undef
if there are no more siblings.
# "<h1>Test</h1>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1><h2>123</h2></div>')->at('h2')->previous;
my $sibling = $dom->previous_node;
Return Mojo::DOM58 object for previous sibling node, or undef
if there are no more siblings.
# "123"
$dom->parse('<p>123<!-- Test --><b>456</b></p>')
->at('b')->previous_node->previous_node;
# " Test "
$dom->parse('<p>123<!-- Test --><b>456</b></p>')
->at('b')->previous_node->content;
my $parent = $dom->remove;
Remove this node and return "root" (for root
nodes) or "parent".
# "<div></div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->remove;
# "<p><b>456</b></p>"
$dom->parse('<p>123<b>456</b></p>')
->at('p')->child_nodes->first->remove->root;
my $parent = $dom->replace('<div>I ♥ Mojo::DOM58!</div>');
my $parent = $dom->replace(Mojo::DOM58->new);
Replace this node with HTML/XML fragment and return "root" (for root
nodes) or "parent".
# "<div><h2>123</h2></div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->replace('<h2>123</h2>');
# "<p><b>123</b></p>"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')
->at('p')->child_nodes->[0]->replace('<b>123</b>')->root;
my $root = $dom->root;
Return Mojo::DOM58 object for root
node.
my $selector = $dom->selector;
Get a unique CSS selector for this element.
# "ul:nth-child(1) > li:nth-child(2)"
$dom->parse('<ul><li>Test</li><li>123</li></ul>')->find('li')->last->selector;
# "p:nth-child(1) > b:nth-child(1) > i:nth-child(1)"
$dom->parse('<p><b><i>Test</i></b></p>')->at('i')->selector;
my $parent = $dom->strip;
Remove this element while preserving its content and return "parent".
# "<div>Test</div>"
$dom->parse('<div><h1>Test</h1></div>')->at('h1')->strip;
my $tag = $dom->tag;
$dom = $dom->tag('div');
This element's tag name.
# List tag names of child elements
say $dom->children->map('tag')->join("\n");
$dom = $dom->tap(sub {...});
Equivalent to "tap" in Mojo::Base.
my $text = $dom->text;
Extract text content from this element only (not including child elements).
# "bar"
$dom->parse("<div>foo<p>bar</p>baz</div>")->at('p')->text;
# "foo\nbaz\n"
$dom->parse("<div>foo\n<p>bar</p>baz\n</div>")->at('div')->text;
my $str = $dom->to_string;
Render this node and its content to HTML/XML.
# "<b>Test</b>"
$dom->parse('<div><b>Test</b></div>')->at('div b')->to_string;
To extract text content from all descendant nodes, see "all_text".
my $tree = $dom->tree;
$dom = $dom->tree(['root']);
Document Object Model. Note that this structure should only be used very carefully since it is very dynamic.
my $type = $dom->type;
This node's type, usually cdata
, comment
, doctype
, pi
, raw
, root
, tag
or text
.
# "cdata"
$dom->parse('<![CDATA[Test]]>')->child_nodes->first->type;
# "comment"
$dom->parse('<!-- Test -->')->child_nodes->first->type;
# "doctype"
$dom->parse('<!DOCTYPE html>')->child_nodes->first->type;
# "pi"
$dom->parse('<?xml version="1.0"?>')->child_nodes->first->type;
# "raw"
$dom->parse('<title>Test</title>')->at('title')->child_nodes->first->type;
# "root"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->type;
# "tag"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->type;
# "text"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->child_nodes->first->type;
my $value = $dom->val;
Extract value from form element (such as button
, input
, option
, select
and textarea
), or return undef
if this element has no value. In the case of select
with multiple
attribute, find option
elements with selected
attribute and return an array reference with all values, or undef
if none could be found.
# "a"
$dom->parse('<input name=test value=a>')->at('input')->val;
# "b"
$dom->parse('<textarea>b</textarea>')->at('textarea')->val;
# "c"
$dom->parse('<option value="c">Test</option>')->at('option')->val;
# "d"
$dom->parse('<select><option selected>d</option></select>')
->at('select')->val;
# "e"
$dom->parse('<select multiple><option selected>e</option></select>')
->at('select')->val->[0];
# "on"
$dom->parse('<input name=test type=checkbox>')->at('input')->val;
my $new_class = Mojo::DOM58->with_roles('Mojo::DOM58::Role::One');
my $new_class = Mojo::DOM58->with_roles('+One', '+Two');
$dom = $dom->with_roles('+One', '+Two');
Equivalent to "with_roles" in Mojo::Base. Note that role support depends on Role::Tiny (2.000001+).
$dom = $dom->wrap('<div></div>');
$dom = $dom->wrap(Mojo::DOM58->new);
Wrap HTML/XML fragment around this node (for all node types other than root
), placing it as the last child of the first innermost element.
# "<p>123<b>Test</b></p>"
$dom->parse('<b>Test</b>')->at('b')->wrap('<p>123</p>')->root;
# "<div><p><b>Test</b></p>123</div>"
$dom->parse('<b>Test</b>')->at('b')->wrap('<div><p></p>123</div>')->root;
# "<p><b>Test</b></p><p>123</p>"
$dom->parse('<b>Test</b>')->at('b')->wrap('<p></p><p>123</p>')->root;
# "<p><b>Test</b></p>"
$dom->parse('<p>Test</p>')->at('p')->child_nodes->first->wrap('<b>')->root;
$dom = $dom->wrap_content('<div></div>');
$dom = $dom->wrap_content(Mojo::DOM58->new);
Wrap HTML/XML fragment around this node's content (for root
and tag
nodes), placing it as the last children of the first innermost element.
# "<p><b>123Test</b></p>"
$dom->parse('<p>Test<p>')->at('p')->wrap_content('<b>123</b>')->root;
# "<p><b>Test</b></p><p>123</p>"
$dom->parse('<b>Test</b>')->wrap_content('<p></p><p>123</p>');
my $bool = $dom->xml;
$dom = $dom->xml($bool);
Disable HTML semantics in parser and activate case-sensitivity, defaults to auto detection based on XML declarations.
Some Mojo::DOM58 methods return an array-based collection object based on Mojo::Collection, which can either be accessed directly as an array reference, or with the following methods.
# Chain methods
$collection->map(sub { ucfirst })->shuffle->each(sub {
my ($word, $num) = @_;
say "$num: $word";
});
# Access array directly to manipulate collection
$collection->[23] += 100;
say for @$collection;
my $new = $collection->compact;
Create a new collection with all elements that are defined and not an empty string.
# $collection contains (0, 1, undef, 2, '', 3)
$collection->compact->join(', '); # "0, 1, 2, 3"
my @elements = $collection->each;
$collection = $collection->each(sub {...});
Evaluate callback for each element in collection or return all elements as a list if none has been provided. The element will be the first argument passed to the callback and is also available as $_
.
# Make a numbered list
$collection->each(sub {
my ($e, $num) = @_;
say "$num: $e";
});
my $first = $collection->first;
my $first = $collection->first(qr/foo/);
my $first = $collection->first(sub {...});
my $first = $collection->first($method);
my $first = $collection->first($method, @args);
Evaluate regular expression/callback for, or call method on, each element in collection and return the first one that matched the regular expression, or for which the callback/method returned true. The element will be the first argument passed to the callback and is also available as $_
.
# Longer version
my $first = $collection->first(sub { $_->$method(@args) });
# Find first value that contains the word "mojo"
my $interesting = $collection->first(qr/mojo/i);
# Find first value that is greater than 5
my $greater = $collection->first(sub { $_ > 5 });
my $new = $collection->flatten;
Flatten nested collections/arrays recursively and create a new collection with all elements.
# $collection contains (1, [2, [3, 4], 5, [6]], 7)
$collection->flatten->join(', '); # "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7"
my $new = $collection->grep(qr/foo/);
my $new = $collection->grep(sub {...});
my $new = $collection->grep($method);
my $new = $collection->grep($method, @args);
Evaluate regular expression/callback for, or call method on, each element in collection and create a new collection with all elements that matched the regular expression, or for which the callback/method returned true. The element will be the first argument passed to the callback and is also available as $_
.
# Longer version
my $new = $collection->grep(sub { $_->$method(@args) });
# Find all values that contain the word "mojo"
my $interesting = $collection->grep(qr/mojo/i);
# Find all values that are greater than 5
my $greater = $collection->grep(sub { $_ > 5 });
my $new = $collection->head(4);
my $new = $collection->head(-2);
Create a new collection with up to the specified number of elements from the beginning of the collection. A negative number will count from the end.
# $collection contains ('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E')
$collection->head(3)->join(' '); # "A B C"
$collection->head(-3)->join(' '); # "A B"
my $stream = $collection->join;
my $stream = $collection->join("\n");
Turn collection into string.
# Join all values with commas
$collection->join(', ');
my $last = $collection->last;
Return the last element in collection.
my $new = $collection->map(sub {...});
my $new = $collection->map($method);
my $new = $collection->map($method, @args);
Evaluate callback for, or call method on, each element in collection and create a new collection from the results. The element will be the first argument passed to the callback and is also available as $_
.
# Longer version
my $new = $collection->map(sub { $_->$method(@args) });
# Append the word "mojo" to all values
my $domified = $collection->map(sub { $_ . 'mojo' });
my $result = $collection->reduce(sub {...});
my $result = $collection->reduce(sub {...}, $initial);
Reduce elements in collection with callback, the first element will be used as initial value if none has been provided.
# Calculate the sum of all values
my $sum = $collection->reduce(sub { $a + $b });
# Count how often each value occurs in collection
my $hash = $collection->reduce(sub { $a->{$b}++; $a }, {});
my $new = $collection->reverse;
Create a new collection with all elements in reverse order.
my $new = $collection->slice(4 .. 7);
Create a new collection with all selected elements.
# $collection contains ('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E')
$collection->slice(1, 2, 4)->join(' '); # "B C E"
my $new = $collection->shuffle;
Create a new collection with all elements in random order.
my $size = $collection->size;
Number of elements in collection.
my $new = $collection->sort;
my $new = $collection->sort(sub {...});
Sort elements based on return value of callback and create a new collection from the results.
# Sort values case-insensitive
my $case_insensitive = $collection->sort(sub { uc($a) cmp uc($b) });
my $new = $collection->tail(4);
my $new = $collection->tail(-2);
Create a new collection with up to the specified number of elements from the end of the collection. A negative number will count from the beginning.
# $collection contains ('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E')
$collection->tail(3)->join(' '); # "C D E"
$collection->tail(-3)->join(' '); # "D E"
$collection = $collection->tap(sub {...});
Equivalent to "tap" in Mojo::Base.
my $array = $collection->to_array;
Turn collection into array reference.
my $new = $collection->uniq;
my $new = $collection->uniq(sub {...});
my $new = $collection->uniq($method);
my $new = $collection->uniq($method, @args);
Create a new collection without duplicate elements, using the string representation of either the elements or the return value of the callback/method to decide uniqueness. Note that undef
and empty string are treated the same.
# Longer version
my $new = $collection->uniq(sub { $_->$method(@args) });
# $collection contains ('foo', 'bar', 'bar', 'baz')
$collection->uniq->join(' '); # "foo bar baz"
# $collection contains ([1, 2], [2, 1], [3, 2])
$collection->uniq(sub{ $_->[1] })->to_array; # "[[1, 2], [2, 1]]"
$collection = $collection->with_roles('Mojo::Collection::Role::One');
Equivalent to "with_roles" in Mojo::Base. Note that role support depends on Role::Tiny (2.000001+).
You can set the MOJO_DOM58_CSS_DEBUG
environment variable to get some advanced diagnostics information printed to STDERR
.
MOJO_DOM58_CSS_DEBUG=1
Report issues related to the format of this distribution or Perl 5.8 support to the public bugtracker. Any other issues should be reported directly to the upstream Mojolicious issue tracker.
Dan Book <dbook@cpan.org>
Code and tests adapted from Mojo::DOM, a lightweight DOM parser by the Mojolicious team.
- Matt S Trout (mst)
Copyright (c) 2008-2016 Sebastian Riedel and others.
Copyright (c) 2016 "AUTHOR" and "CONTRIBUTORS" for adaptation to standalone format.
This is free software, licensed under:
The Artistic License 2.0 (GPL Compatible)
Mojo::DOM, HTML::TreeBuilder, XML::LibXML, XML::Twig, XML::Smart