Type.hx

/*
 * Copyright (C)2005-2012 Haxe Foundation
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */
/**
	The diffent possible runtime types of a value.
**/
enum ValueType {
	TNull;
	TInt;
	TFloat;
	TBool;
	TObject;
	TFunction;
	TClass( c : Class<Dynamic> );
	TEnum( e : Enum<Dynamic> );
	TUnknown;
}

/**
	The haxe Reflection API allows retrieval of type information at runtime.

	This class complements the more lightweight Reflect class, with a focus on
	class and enum instances.
**/
extern class Type {

	/**
		Returns the class of `o`, if `o` is a class instance.

		If `o` is null or of a different type, null is returned.

		In general, type parameter information cannot be obtained at runtime.
	**/
	public static function getClass<T>( o : T ) : Class<T>;

	/**
		Returns the enum of enum instance `o`.

		An enum instance is the result of using an enum constructor. Given an
		`enum Color { Red; }`, `getEnum(Red)` returns `Enum<Color>`.

		If `o` is null, null is returned.

		In general, type parameter information cannot be obtained at runtime.
	**/
	public static function getEnum( o : EnumValue ) : Enum<Dynamic>;


	/**
		Returns the super-class of class `c`.

		If `c` has no super class, null is returned.

		If `c` is null, the result is unspecified.

		In general, type parameter information cannot be obtained at runtime.
	**/
	public static function getSuperClass( c : Class<Dynamic> ) : Class<Dynamic>;


	/**
		Returns the name of class `c`, including its path.

		If `c` is inside a package, the package structure is returned dot-
		separated, with another dot separating the class name:
		`pack1.pack2.(...).packN.ClassName`
		If `c` is a sub-type of a haxe module, that module is not part of the
		package structure.

		If `c` has no package, the class name is returned.

		If `c` is null, the result is unspecified.

		The class name does not include any type parameters.
	**/
	public static function getClassName( c : Class<Dynamic> ) : String;

	/**
		Returns the name of enum `e`, including its path.

		If `e` is inside a package, the package structure is returned dot-
		separated, with another dot separating the enum name:
		`pack1.pack2.(...).packN.EnumName`
		If `e` is a sub-type of a haxe module, that module is not part of the
		package structure.

		If `e` has no package, the enum name is returned.

		If `e` is null, the result is unspecified.

		The enum name does not include any type parameters.
	**/
	public static function getEnumName( e : Enum<Dynamic> ) : String;

	/**
		Resolves a class by name.

		If `name` is the path of an existing class, that class is returned.

		Otherwise null is returned.

		If `name` is null or the path to a different type, the result is
		unspecified.

		The class name must not include any type parameters.
	**/
	public static function resolveClass( name : String ) : Class<Dynamic>;

	/**
		Resolves an enum by name.

		If `name` is the path of an existing enum, that enum is returned.

		Otherwise null is returned.

		If `name` is null the result is unspecified.

		If `name` is the path to a different type, null is returned.

		The enum name must not include any type parameters.
	**/
	public static function resolveEnum( name : String ) : Enum<Dynamic>;

	/**
		Creates an instance of class `cl`, using `args` as arguments to the
		class constructor.

		This function guarantees that the class constructor is called.

		Default values of constructors arguments are not guaranteed to be
		taken into account.

		If `cl` or `args` are null, or if the number of elements in `args` does
		not match the expected number of constructor arguments, or if any
		argument has an invalid type,  or if `cl` has no own constructor, the
		result is unspecified.

		In particular, default values of constructor arguments are not
		guaranteed to be taken into account.
	**/
	public static function createInstance<T>( cl : Class<T>, args : Array<Dynamic> ) : T;

	/**
		Creates an instance of class `cl`.

		This function guarantees that the class constructor is not called.

		If `cl` is null, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function createEmptyInstance<T>( cl : Class<T> ) : T;

	/**
		Creates an instance of enum `e` by calling its constructor `constr` with
		arguments `params`.

		If `e` or `constr` is null, or if enum `e` has no constructor named
		`constr`, or if the number of elements in `params` does not match the
		expected number of constructor arguments, or if any argument has an
		invalid type, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function createEnum<T>( e : Enum<T>, constr : String, ?params : Array<Dynamic> ) : T;

	/**
		Creates an instance of enum `e` by calling its constructor number
		`index` with arguments `params`.

		The constructor indices are preserved from haxe syntax, so the first
		declared is index 0, the next index 1 etc.

		If `e` or `constr` is null, or if enum `e` has no constructor named
		`constr`, or if the number of elements in `params` does not match the
		expected number of constructor arguments, or if any argument has an
		invalid type, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function createEnumIndex<T>( e : Enum<T>, index : Int, ?params : Array<Dynamic> ) : T;

	/**
		Returns a list of the instance fields of class `c`.

		This only includes fields which are known at compile-time. In
		particular, using getInstanceFields(getClass(obj)) will not include
		any fields which were added to obj at runtime.

		The order of the fields in the returned Array is unspecified.

		If `c` is null, the result is unspecified.

		(As3) This method only returns instance fields that are public.
	**/
	public static function getInstanceFields( c : Class<Dynamic> ) : Array<String>;

	/**
		Returns a list of static fields of class `c`.

		This does not include static fields of parent classes.

		The order of the fields in the returned Array is unspecified.

		If `c` is null, the result is unspecified.

		(As3) This method only returns class fields that are public.
	**/
	public static function getClassFields( c : Class<Dynamic> ) : Array<String>;

	/**
		Returns a list of the names of all constructors of enum `e`.

		The order of the constructor names in the returned Array is preserved
		from the original syntax.

		If `c` is null, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function getEnumConstructs( e : Enum<Dynamic> ) : Array<String>;

	/**
		Returns the runtime type of value `v`.

		The result corresponds to the type `v` has at runtime, which may vary
		per platform. Assumptions regarding this should be minimized to avoid
		surprises.
	**/
	public static function typeof( v : Dynamic ) : ValueType;

	/**
		Recursively compares two enum instances `a` and `b` by value.

		Unlike `a == b`, this function performs a deep equality check on the
		arguments of the constructors, if exists.

		If `a` or `b` are null, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function enumEq<T:EnumValue>( a : T, b : T ) : Bool;

	/**
		Returns the constructor name of enum instance `e`.

		The result String does not contain any constructor arguments.

		If `e` is null, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function enumConstructor( e : EnumValue ) : String;

	/**
		Returns a list of the constructor arguments of enum instance `e`.

		If `e` has no arguments, the result is [].

		Otherwise the result are the values that were used as arguments to `e`,
		in the order of their declaration.

		If `e` is null, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function enumParameters( e : EnumValue ) : Array<Dynamic>;

	/**
		Returns the index of enum instance `e`.

		This corresponds to the original syntactic position of `e`. The index of
		the first declared constructor is 0, the next one is 1 etc.

		If `e` is null, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function enumIndex( e : EnumValue ) : Int;

	/**
		Returns a list of all constructors of enum `e` that require no
		arguments.

		This may return the empty Array [] if all constructors of `e` require
		arguments.

		Otherwise an instance of `e` constructed through each of its non-
		argument constructors is returned, in the order of the constructor
		declaration.

		If `e` is null, the result is unspecified.
	**/
	public static function allEnums<T>( e : Enum<T> ) : Array<T>;

}