Fix issue where the cask_opts env variable was not respected when running upgrade, reinstall, uninstall

[whoiswillma]

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Process options using Cask::Cmd and pass the processed arguments to reinstall, uninstall, upgrade.

I'm pretty sure this fixes Homebrew/homebrew-cask#87045. I inspected the verbose/debug output and found that quarantine was not being propagated, although I'm not sure what that means. Is there a robust way to detect whether a cask has been quarantined, so that I might write a test for this?

[whoiswillma]

I added methods in env_config.rb for other potential HOMEBREW_CASK_OPTS flags as well

[reitermarkus]

Thanks!

[MikeMcQuaid]

Thanks for the help @reitermarkus and for the work @whoiswillma!

[whoiswillma]

@reitermarkus I heard through Mike that you were working on improving the frontend for brew cask with CLI::Parser. What's left to do on that front, and what are the ways that I can help?