Change build system to use CMake

[mifrandir]

Fixes #3.

ToDO

• set up basic CMake project for 64-bit Linux
• compile tests
• update CI
• enforce clang-format
• document build system

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #12 (e3420bb) into master (3889cbe) will increase coverage by 9.47%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master      #12      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   20.61%   30.08%   +9.47%     
==========================================
  Files          81       72       -9     
  Lines        3711     3802      +91     
==========================================
+ Hits          765     1144     +379     
+ Misses       2946     2658     -288     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/data/data.cpp	65.21% <ø> (-0.46%)	⬇️
src/data/data.hpp	100.00% <ø> (+12.50%)	⬆️
src/data/data_point.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/embrakes/fake_stepper.cpp	0.00% <ø> (ø)
src/embrakes/fake_stepper.hpp	0.00% <ø> (ø)
src/embrakes/interface.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/embrakes/main.cpp	20.00% <ø> (+20.00%)	⬆️
src/embrakes/stepper.cpp	8.69% <ø> (+8.69%)	⬆️
src/embrakes/stepper.hpp	0.00% <ø> (ø)
src/navigation/kalman_filter.cpp	45.07% <ø> (+45.07%)	⬆️
... and 127 more

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