Haddock document the case functions, so that their behavior is easier to understand when calling them

[smelc]

Changelog

- description: |
    Haddock-document the `case*` functions
# uncomment types applicable to the change:
  type:
  # - feature        # introduces a new feature
  # - breaking       # the API has changed in a breaking way
  - compatible     # the API has changed but is non-breaking
  # - optimisation   # measurable performance improvements
  - improvement    # QoL changes e.g. refactoring
  # - bugfix         # fixes a defect
  # - test           # fixes/modifies tests
  # - maintenance    # not directly related to the code
  # - release        # related to a new release preparation
  # - documentation  # change in code docs, haddocks...

Context

Haddock-document the case* functions, because I've had trouble parsing them and I think English helps here (despite the functions being kind of "mechanical")

Checklist

• Commit sequence broadly makes sense and commits have useful messages
• The change log section in the PR description has been filled in
• NA New tests are added if needed and existing tests are updated. These may include:
  • golden tests
  • property tests
  • round trip tests
  • integration tests
    See Running tests for more details
• NA The version bounds in .cabal files are updated
• CI passes. See note on CI. The following CI checks are required:
  • Code is linted with hlint. See .github/workflows/check-hlint.yml to get the hlint version
  • Code is formatted with stylish-haskell. See .github/workflows/stylish-haskell.yml to get the stylish-haskell version
  • Code builds on Linux, MacOS and Windows for ghc-8.10.7 and ghc-9.2.7
• Self-reviewed the diff

[smelc]

cc @newhoggy