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Merge pull request #17 from hugoledoux/patch-1
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mengqi-z committed Feb 14, 2024
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# Summary

`helios` is an open-source R package that estimates population-weighted heating and cooling degree-hours (HDH and CDH) and degree-days (HDD and CDD) at various temporal (e.g., energy dispatch segments, monthly, yearly) and spatial scales (e.g., U.S. states, global political regions, countries). The degree hour and degree day outputs from `helios` are used to inform electricity demand load in the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM) [@calvin2019gcam] as well as in GCAM-USA (which is the version of GCAM with U.S. state-level details) [@binsted2022gcam-usa]. `helios` uses a workflow with four steps: processing raw data; calculating heating and cooling degrees; visualizing performance diagnostics; and outputing results in various formats. There are two sources of widely-used climate data compatible with `helios`: (1) hourly climate data with 12-km resolution that are dynamically downscaled with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and projected using a thermal global warming (TGW) approach [@jones2022im3]; and (2) daily climate data with 0.5-degree resolution from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) that is bias-adjusted and statistical downscaled by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP). In summary, `helios` is a model that standardizes methodology of heating and cooling degrees-hours and degree-days using publicly available data and advance the understanding of the impact of spatial and temporal temperature variability on building energy services.
`helios` is an open-source R package that estimates population-weighted heating and cooling degree-hours (HDH and CDH) and degree-days (HDD and CDD) at various temporal (e.g., energy dispatch segments, monthly, yearly) and spatial scales (e.g., U.S. states, global political regions, countries). The degree hour and degree day outputs from `helios` are used to inform electricity demand load in the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM) [@calvin2019gcam] as well as in GCAM-USA (which is the version of GCAM with U.S. state-level details) [@binsted2022gcam-usa]. `helios` uses a workflow with four steps: processing raw data; calculating heating and cooling degrees; visualizing performance diagnostics; and outputing results in various formats. There are two sources of widely-used climate data compatible with `helios`: (1) hourly climate data with 12-km resolution that are dynamically downscaled with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and projected using a thermal global warming (TGW) approach [@jones2022im3]; and (2) daily climate data with 0.5-degree resolution from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) that is bias-adjusted and statistical downscaled by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP). In summary, `helios` is a model that standardizes methodology of heating and cooling degrees-hours and degree-days using publicly available data and advances the understanding of the impact of spatial and temporal temperature variability on building energy services.

# Statement of Need

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![An example of the helios workflow using two types of input datasets (e.g., global data from CMIP6 and CONUS data from WRF). This demonstration showcases helios' capability to generate heating and cooling degrees by GCAM region or U.S. States, among other spatiotemporal scales. \label{fig:1}](Fig1_helios_workflow.jpg)

Working with climate data can pose challenges, given large data sizes and diverse formats, spatiotemporal resolutions, data structures, and dimensions involved. The `helios` package provides functionality that makes it more convenient for users to manipulate climate data. `helios` provides easier access to various climate data types in a simplified format, facilitates the calculation of heating and cooling degrees using a standardized methodology, and ensures quality control through detailed diagnostics. There are five main functions provided by `helios`:
Working with climate data can pose challenges, given large data sizes and diverse formats, spatiotemporal resolutions, data structures, and dimensions involved. The `helios` package provides functionalities that make it more convenient for users to manipulate climate data. `helios` provides easier access to various climate data types in a simplified format, facilitates the calculation of heating and cooling degrees using a standardized methodology, and ensures quality control through detailed diagnostics. There are five main functions provided by `helios`:

(1) `helios::read_ncdf` processes complex climate data (e.g., NetCDF) and converts to tabular data with latitude and longitude.
(2) `helios::read_population` processes population data and converts to the same resolution as the climate data if needed.
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