/
detours.cpp
1873 lines (1104 loc) · 40.2 KB
/
detours.cpp
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//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Core Detours Functionality (detours.cpp of detours.lib)
//
// Microsoft Research Detours Package, Version 3.0 Build_316.
//
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//
#include <windows.h>
#if (_MSC_VER < 1299)
#pragma warning(disable: 4710)
#endif
//#define DETOUR_DEBUG 1
#define DETOURS_INTERNAL
#include "detours.h"
#if defined(DETOURS_X86)
#elif defined(DETOURS_X64)
#elif defined(DETOURS_IA64)
#elif defined(DETOURS_ARM)
#else
#error Must define one of DETOURS_X86, DETOURS_X64, DETOURS_IA64, or DETOURS_ARM
#endif
#if !defined(DETOURS_32BIT) && !defined(DETOURS_64BIT)
#error Must define one of DETOURS_32BIT or DETOURS_64BIT
#endif
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
struct _DETOUR_ALIGN
{
BYTE obTarget : 3;
BYTE obTrampoline : 5;
};
C_ASSERT(sizeof(_DETOUR_ALIGN) == 1);
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
static bool detour_is_imported(PBYTE pbCode, PBYTE pbAddress)
{
MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mbi;
VirtualQuery((PVOID)pbCode, &mbi, sizeof(mbi));
__try {
PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER pDosHeader = (PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)mbi.AllocationBase;
if (pDosHeader->e_magic != IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE) {
return false;
}
PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS pNtHeader = (PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)((PBYTE)pDosHeader +
pDosHeader->e_lfanew);
if (pNtHeader->Signature != IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE) {
return false;
}
if (pbAddress >= ((PBYTE)pDosHeader +
pNtHeader->OptionalHeader
.DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IAT].VirtualAddress) &&
pbAddress < ((PBYTE)pDosHeader +
pNtHeader->OptionalHeader
.DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IAT].VirtualAddress +
pNtHeader->OptionalHeader
.DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IAT].Size)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
__except(EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER) {
return false;
}
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// X86.
//
#ifdef DETOURS_X86
struct _DETOUR_TRAMPOLINE
{
BYTE rbCode[30]; // target code + jmp to pbRemain
BYTE cbCode; // size of moved target code.
BYTE cbCodeBreak; // padding to make debugging easier.
BYTE rbRestore[22]; // original target code.
BYTE cbRestore; // size of original target code.
BYTE cbRestoreBreak; // padding to make debugging easier.
_DETOUR_ALIGN rAlign[8]; // instruction alignment array.
PBYTE pbRemain; // first instruction after moved code. [free list]
PBYTE pbDetour; // first instruction of detour function.
};
C_ASSERT(sizeof(_DETOUR_TRAMPOLINE) == 72);
enum {
SIZE_OF_JMP = 5
};
inline PBYTE detour_gen_jmp_immediate(PBYTE pbCode, PBYTE pbJmpVal)
{
PBYTE pbJmpSrc = pbCode + 5;
*pbCode++ = 0xE9; // jmp +imm32
*((INT32*&)pbCode)++ = (INT32)(pbJmpVal - pbJmpSrc);
return pbCode;
}
inline PBYTE detour_gen_jmp_indirect(PBYTE pbCode, PBYTE *ppbJmpVal)
{
PBYTE pbJmpSrc = pbCode + 6;
*pbCode++ = 0xff; // jmp [+imm32]
*pbCode++ = 0x25;
*((INT32*&)pbCode)++ = (INT32)((PBYTE)ppbJmpVal - pbJmpSrc);
return pbCode;
}
inline PBYTE detour_gen_brk(PBYTE pbCode, PBYTE pbLimit)
{
while (pbCode < pbLimit) {
*pbCode++ = 0xcc; // brk;
}
return pbCode;
}
inline PBYTE detour_skip_jmp(PBYTE pbCode, PVOID *ppGlobals)
{
if (pbCode == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
if (ppGlobals != NULL) {
*ppGlobals = NULL;
}
// First, skip over the import vector if there is one.
if (pbCode[0] == 0xff && pbCode[1] == 0x25) { // jmp [imm32]
// Looks like an import alias jump, then get the code it points to.
PBYTE pbTarget = *(PBYTE *)&pbCode[2];
if (detour_is_imported(pbCode, pbTarget)) {
PBYTE pbNew = *(PBYTE *)pbTarget;
DETOUR_TRACE(("%p->%p: skipped over import table.\n", pbCode, pbNew));
pbCode = pbNew;
}
}
// Then, skip over a patch jump
if (pbCode[0] == 0xeb) { // jmp +imm8
PBYTE pbNew = pbCode + 2 + *(CHAR *)&pbCode[1];
DETOUR_TRACE(("%p->%p: skipped over short jump.\n", pbCode, pbNew));
pbCode = pbNew;
// First, skip over the import vector if there is one.
if (pbCode[0] == 0xff && pbCode[1] == 0x25) { // jmp [imm32]
// Looks like an import alias jump, then get the code it points to.
PBYTE pbTarget = *(PBYTE *)&pbCode[2];
if (detour_is_imported(pbCode, pbTarget)) {
PBYTE pbNew = *(PBYTE *)pbTarget;
DETOUR_TRACE(("%p->%p: skipped over import table.\n", pbCode, pbNew));
pbCode = pbNew;
}
}
// Finally, skip over a long jump if it is the target of the patch jump.
else if (pbCode[0] == 0xe9) { // jmp +imm32
PBYTE pbNew = pbCode + 5 + *(INT32 *)&pbCode[1];
DETOUR_TRACE(("%p->%p: skipped over long jump.\n", pbCode, pbNew));
pbCode = pbNew;
}
}
return pbCode;
}
inline BOOL detour_does_code_end_function(PBYTE pbCode)
{
if (pbCode[0] == 0xeb || // jmp +imm8
pbCode[0] == 0xe9 || // jmp +imm32
pbCode[0] == 0xe0 || // jmp eax
pbCode[0] == 0xc2 || // ret +imm8
pbCode[0] == 0xc3 || // ret
pbCode[0] == 0xcc) { // brk
return TRUE;
}
else if (pbCode[0] == 0xff && pbCode[1] == 0x25) { // jmp [+imm32]
return TRUE;
}
else if ((pbCode[0] == 0x26 || // jmp es:
pbCode[0] == 0x2e || // jmp cs:
pbCode[0] == 0x36 || // jmp ss:
pbCode[0] == 0xe3 || // jmp ds:
pbCode[0] == 0x64 || // jmp fs:
pbCode[0] == 0x65) && // jmp gs:
pbCode[1] == 0xff && // jmp [+imm32]
pbCode[2] == 0x25) {
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
inline ULONG detour_is_code_filler(PBYTE pbCode)
{
if (pbCode[0] == 0x90) { // nop
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
#endif // DETOURS_X86
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// X64.
//
#ifdef DETOURS_X64
#error Feature not supported in this release.
#endif // DETOURS_X64
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// IA64.
//
#ifdef DETOURS_IA64
#error Feature not supported in this release.
#endif // DETOURS_IA64
#ifdef DETOURS_ARM
#error Feature not supported in this release.
#endif // DETOURS_ARM
//////////////////////////////////////////////// Trampoline Memory Management.
//
struct DETOUR_REGION
{
ULONG dwSignature;
DETOUR_REGION * pNext; // Next region in list of regions.
DETOUR_TRAMPOLINE * pFree; // List of free trampolines in this region.
};
typedef DETOUR_REGION * PDETOUR_REGION;
const ULONG DETOUR_REGION_SIGNATURE = 'Rrtd';
const ULONG DETOUR_REGION_SIZE = 0x10000;
const ULONG DETOUR_TRAMPOLINES_PER_REGION = (DETOUR_REGION_SIZE
/ sizeof(DETOUR_TRAMPOLINE)) - 1;
static PDETOUR_REGION s_pRegions = NULL; // List of all regions.
static PDETOUR_REGION s_pRegion = NULL; // Default region.
static void detour_writable_trampoline_regions()
{
// Mark all of the regions as writable.
for (PDETOUR_REGION pRegion = s_pRegions; pRegion != NULL; pRegion = pRegion->pNext) {
DWORD dwOld;
VirtualProtect(pRegion, DETOUR_REGION_SIZE, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &dwOld);
}
}
static void detour_runnable_trampoline_regions()
{
HANDLE hProcess = GetCurrentProcess();
// Mark all of the regions as executable.
for (PDETOUR_REGION pRegion = s_pRegions; pRegion != NULL; pRegion = pRegion->pNext) {
DWORD dwOld;
VirtualProtect(pRegion, DETOUR_REGION_SIZE, PAGE_EXECUTE_READ, &dwOld);
FlushInstructionCache(hProcess, pRegion, DETOUR_REGION_SIZE);
}
}
static PBYTE detour_alloc_round_down_to_region(PBYTE pbTry)
{
// WinXP64 returns free areas that aren't REGION aligned to 32-bit applications.
ULONG_PTR extra = ((ULONG_PTR)pbTry) & (DETOUR_REGION_SIZE - 1);
if (extra != 0) {
pbTry -= extra;
}
return pbTry;
}
static PBYTE detour_alloc_round_up_to_region(PBYTE pbTry)
{
// WinXP64 returns free areas that aren't REGION aligned to 32-bit applications.
ULONG_PTR extra = ((ULONG_PTR)pbTry) & (DETOUR_REGION_SIZE - 1);
if (extra != 0) {
ULONG_PTR adjust = DETOUR_REGION_SIZE - extra;
pbTry += adjust;
}
return pbTry;
}
// Starting at pbLo, try to allocate a memory region, continue until pbHi.
static PVOID detour_alloc_region_from_lo(PBYTE pbLo, PBYTE pbHi)
{
PBYTE pbTry = detour_alloc_round_up_to_region(pbLo);
DETOUR_TRACE((" Looking for free region in %p..%p from %p:\n", pbLo, pbHi, pbTry));
for (; pbTry < pbHi;) {
MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mbi;
if (pbTry >= (PBYTE)(ULONG_PTR)0x50000000 &&
pbTry <= (PBYTE)(ULONG_PTR)0x80000000) {
// Skip region reserved for system DLLs.
pbTry = (PBYTE)(ULONG_PTR)(0x80000000 + DETOUR_REGION_SIZE);
continue;
}
ZeroMemory(&mbi, sizeof(mbi));
if (!VirtualQuery(pbTry, &mbi, sizeof(mbi))) {
break;
}
DETOUR_TRACE((" Try %p => %p..%p %6x\n",
pbTry,
mbi.BaseAddress,
(PBYTE)mbi.BaseAddress + mbi.RegionSize - 1,
mbi.State));
if (mbi.State == MEM_FREE && mbi.RegionSize >= DETOUR_REGION_SIZE) {
PVOID pv = VirtualAlloc(pbTry,
DETOUR_REGION_SIZE,
MEM_COMMIT|MEM_RESERVE,
PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
if (pv != NULL) {
return pv;
}
pbTry += DETOUR_REGION_SIZE;
}
else {
pbTry = detour_alloc_round_up_to_region((PBYTE)mbi.BaseAddress + mbi.RegionSize);
}
}
return NULL;
}
// Starting at pbHi, try to allocate a memory region, continue until pbLo.
static PVOID detour_alloc_region_from_hi(PBYTE pbLo, PBYTE pbHi)
{
PBYTE pbTry = detour_alloc_round_down_to_region(pbHi - DETOUR_REGION_SIZE);
DETOUR_TRACE((" Looking for free region in %p..%p from %p:\n", pbLo, pbHi, pbTry));
for (; pbTry > pbLo;) {
MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mbi;
DETOUR_TRACE((" Try %p\n", pbTry));
if (pbTry >= (PBYTE)(ULONG_PTR)0x50000000 &&
pbTry <= (PBYTE)(ULONG_PTR)0x80000000) {
// Skip region reserved for system DLLs.
pbTry = (PBYTE)(ULONG_PTR)(0x50000000 - DETOUR_REGION_SIZE);
continue;
}
ZeroMemory(&mbi, sizeof(mbi));
if (!VirtualQuery(pbTry, &mbi, sizeof(mbi))) {
break;
}
DETOUR_TRACE((" Try %p => %p..%p %6x\n",
pbTry,
mbi.BaseAddress,
(PBYTE)mbi.BaseAddress + mbi.RegionSize - 1,
mbi.State));
if (mbi.State == MEM_FREE && mbi.RegionSize >= DETOUR_REGION_SIZE) {
PVOID pv = VirtualAlloc(pbTry,
DETOUR_REGION_SIZE,
MEM_COMMIT|MEM_RESERVE,
PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE);
if (pv != NULL) {
return pv;
}
pbTry -= DETOUR_REGION_SIZE;
}
else {
pbTry = detour_alloc_round_down_to_region((PBYTE)mbi.AllocationBase
- DETOUR_REGION_SIZE);
}
}
return NULL;
}
static PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE detour_alloc_trampoline(PBYTE pbTarget)
{
// We have to place trampolines within +/- 2GB of target.
PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE pLo = (PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE)
((pbTarget > (PBYTE)0x7ff80000)
? pbTarget - 0x7ff80000 : (PBYTE)(ULONG_PTR)DETOUR_REGION_SIZE);
PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE pHi = (PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE)
((pbTarget < (PBYTE)0xffffffff80000000)
? pbTarget + 0x7ff80000 : (PBYTE)0xfffffffffff80000);
DETOUR_TRACE(("[%p..%p..%p]\n", pLo, pbTarget, pHi));
PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE pTrampoline = NULL;
// Insure that there is a default region.
if (s_pRegion == NULL && s_pRegions != NULL) {
s_pRegion = s_pRegions;
}
// First check the default region for an valid free block.
if (s_pRegion != NULL && s_pRegion->pFree != NULL &&
s_pRegion->pFree >= pLo && s_pRegion->pFree <= pHi) {
found_region:
pTrampoline = s_pRegion->pFree;
// do a last sanity check on region.
if (pTrampoline < pLo || pTrampoline > pHi) {
return NULL;
}
s_pRegion->pFree = (PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE)pTrampoline->pbRemain;
memset(pTrampoline, 0xcc, sizeof(*pTrampoline));
return pTrampoline;
}
// Then check the existing regions for a valid free block.
for (s_pRegion = s_pRegions; s_pRegion != NULL; s_pRegion = s_pRegion->pNext) {
if (s_pRegion != NULL && s_pRegion->pFree != NULL &&
s_pRegion->pFree >= pLo && s_pRegion->pFree <= pHi) {
goto found_region;
}
}
// We need to allocate a new region.
// Round pbTarget down to 64KB block.
pbTarget = pbTarget - (PtrToUlong(pbTarget) & 0xffff);
PVOID pbTry = NULL;
// Try looking 1GB below or lower.
if (pbTry == NULL && pbTarget > (PBYTE)0x40000000) {
pbTry = detour_alloc_region_from_hi((PBYTE)pLo, pbTarget - 0x40000000);
}
// Try looking 1GB above or higher.
if (pbTry == NULL && pbTarget < (PBYTE)0xffffffff40000000) {
pbTry = detour_alloc_region_from_lo(pbTarget + 0x40000000, (PBYTE)pHi);
}
// Try looking 1GB below or higher.
if (pbTry == NULL && pbTarget > (PBYTE)0x40000000) {
pbTry = detour_alloc_region_from_lo(pbTarget - 0x40000000, pbTarget);
}
// Try looking 1GB above or lower.
if (pbTry == NULL && pbTarget < (PBYTE)0xffffffff40000000) {
pbTry = detour_alloc_region_from_hi(pbTarget, pbTarget + 0x40000000);
}
// Try anything below.
if (pbTry == NULL) {
pbTry = detour_alloc_region_from_hi((PBYTE)pLo, pbTarget);
}
// try anything above.
if (pbTry == NULL) {
pbTry = detour_alloc_region_from_lo(pbTarget, (PBYTE)pHi);
}
if (pbTry != NULL) {
s_pRegion = (DETOUR_REGION*)pbTry;
s_pRegion->dwSignature = DETOUR_REGION_SIGNATURE;
s_pRegion->pFree = NULL;
s_pRegion->pNext = s_pRegions;
s_pRegions = s_pRegion;
DETOUR_TRACE((" Allocated region %p..%p\n\n",
s_pRegion, ((PBYTE)s_pRegion) + DETOUR_REGION_SIZE - 1));
// Put everything but the first trampoline on the free list.
PBYTE pFree = NULL;
pTrampoline = ((PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE)s_pRegion) + 1;
for (int i = DETOUR_TRAMPOLINES_PER_REGION - 1; i > 1; i--) {
pTrampoline[i].pbRemain = pFree;
pFree = (PBYTE)&pTrampoline[i];
}
s_pRegion->pFree = (PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE)pFree;
goto found_region;
}
DETOUR_TRACE(("Couldn't find available memory region!\n"));
return NULL;
}
static void detour_free_trampoline(PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE pTrampoline)
{
PDETOUR_REGION pRegion = (PDETOUR_REGION)
((ULONG_PTR)pTrampoline & ~(ULONG_PTR)0xffff);
memset(pTrampoline, 0, sizeof(*pTrampoline));
pTrampoline->pbRemain = (PBYTE)pRegion->pFree;
pRegion->pFree = pTrampoline;
}
static BOOL detour_is_region_empty(PDETOUR_REGION pRegion)
{
// Stop if the region isn't a region (this would be bad).
if (pRegion->dwSignature != DETOUR_REGION_SIGNATURE) {
return FALSE;
}
PBYTE pbRegionBeg = (PBYTE)pRegion;
PBYTE pbRegionLim = pbRegionBeg + DETOUR_REGION_SIZE;
// Stop if any of the trampolines aren't free.
PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE pTrampoline = ((PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE)pRegion) + 1;
for (int i = 0; i < DETOUR_TRAMPOLINES_PER_REGION; i++) {
if (pTrampoline[i].pbRemain != NULL &&
(pTrampoline[i].pbRemain < pbRegionBeg ||
pTrampoline[i].pbRemain >= pbRegionLim)) {
return FALSE;
}
}
// OK, the region is empty.
return TRUE;
}
static void detour_free_unused_trampoline_regions()
{
PDETOUR_REGION *ppRegionBase = &s_pRegions;
PDETOUR_REGION pRegion = s_pRegions;
while (pRegion != NULL) {
if (detour_is_region_empty(pRegion)) {
*ppRegionBase = pRegion->pNext;
VirtualFree(pRegion, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
s_pRegion = NULL;
}
else {
ppRegionBase = &pRegion->pNext;
}
pRegion = *ppRegionBase;
}
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Transaction Structs.
//
struct DetourThread
{
DetourThread * pNext;
HANDLE hThread;
};
struct DetourOperation
{
DetourOperation * pNext;
BOOL fIsRemove;
PBYTE * ppbPointer;
PBYTE pbTarget;
PDETOUR_TRAMPOLINE pTrampoline;
ULONG dwPerm;
};
static BOOL s_fIgnoreTooSmall = FALSE;
static BOOL s_fRetainRegions = FALSE;
static LONG s_nPendingThreadId = 0; // Thread owning pending transaction.
static LONG s_nPendingError = NO_ERROR;
static PVOID * s_ppPendingError = NULL;
static DetourThread * s_pPendingThreads = NULL;
static DetourOperation * s_pPendingOperations = NULL;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
PVOID WINAPI DetourCodeFromPointer(PVOID pPointer, PVOID *ppGlobals)
{
return detour_skip_jmp((PBYTE)pPointer, ppGlobals);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Transaction APIs.
//
BOOL WINAPI DetourSetIgnoreTooSmall(BOOL fIgnore)
{
BOOL fPrevious = s_fIgnoreTooSmall;
s_fIgnoreTooSmall = fIgnore;
return fPrevious;
}
BOOL WINAPI DetourSetRetainRegions(BOOL fRetain)
{
BOOL fPrevious = s_fRetainRegions;
s_fRetainRegions = fRetain;
return fPrevious;