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Welcome to the PowerShell-tutorial wiki!
PowerShell is very complicated and is better documented elsewhere, so the wiki will be sparse.
For a better intro, get lost in Wikipedia's Windows PowerShell page for half-an-hour or so and come back.
Looks up then puts down Steam Controller
You're back? Alright, let's continue.
PowerShell is overpowered to, like, power level 9000! but in, like, kilometers.
Seriously, PowerShell has access to everything in the operating system. Not only that, but cmdlets (similar to functions) can be installed from the Internet to add more functionality to PowerShell. It is safe to say that PowerShell can do things you did not know about. To the point that, by default, unsigned scripts will not run by double-clicking on them.
Always read and understand any PowerShell scripts or cmdlets you copy from the Internet
Never copy and paste scripts or cmdlets without reviewing them!
Seriously, don't do it. You'll be killing kittens (or insert_preferred_animal_here), like, a lot of them.
You're going to need a Windows Operating System (Windows Vista minimum, Windows 10 recommended)
Generally, you can access PowerShell by clicking the following Start button > All Programs > Accessories > Windows PowerShell > Windows PowerShell. Alternatively, click the Start button and in the Search box, type PowerShell, and then, in the list of results, double-click Windows PowerShell.
For some versions, you can also press Win+R, type powershell, and hit Enter.
You can also use the Windows PowerShell ISE (or Integrated Scripting Environment). It is very similar to an IDE in that you have an editor to write your script and an adjacent pane to execute it in a CLI. It also supports add-ons. PowerShell ISE can be found similarly to PowerShell.
Since VSCodium is built for Windows, it's easy to add the PowerShell Extension with nifty features like local debugging and IntelliSense.
That is it! Getting started is that easy.