javascript-mode.el

;;; javascript.el --- Major mode for editing JavaScript source text

;; Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

;; Author: Karl Landstrom <karl.landstrom@brgeight.se>
;; Maintainer: Karl Landstrom <karl.landstrom@brgeight.se>
;; Version: 2.2.1
;; Date: 2008-12-27
;; Keywords: languages, oop

;; This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
;; any later version.

;; This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.

;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
;; the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

;;; Commentary:
;;
;; The main features of this JavaScript mode are syntactic
;; highlighting (enabled with `font-lock-mode' or
;; `global-font-lock-mode'), automatic indentation and filling of
;; comments.
;;
;; This package has (only) been tested with GNU Emacs 21.4 (the latest
;; stable release).
;;
;; Installation:
;;
;; Put this file in a directory where Emacs can find it (`C-h v
;; load-path' for more info). Then add the following lines to your
;; Emacs initialization file:
;; 
;;    (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.js\\'" . javascript-mode))
;;    (autoload 'javascript-mode "javascript" nil t)
;;    
;; General Remarks:
;; 
;; This mode assumes that block comments are not nested inside block
;; comments and that strings do not contain line breaks.
;; 
;; Exported names start with "javascript-" whereas private names start
;; with "js-".
;; 
;; Changes:
;;
;; See javascript.el.changelog.

;;; Code:

(require 'cc-mode)
(require 'font-lock)
(require 'newcomment)

(defgroup javascript nil 
  "Customization variables for `javascript-mode'."
  :tag "JavaScript"
  :group 'languages)

(defcustom javascript-indent-level 4
  "Number of spaces for each indentation step."
  :type 'integer
  :group 'javascript)

(defcustom javascript-expr-indent-offset 0
  "Number of additional spaces used for indentation of continued
expressions. The value must be no less than minus
`javascript-indent-level'."
  :type 'integer
  :group 'javascript)

(defcustom javascript-auto-indent-flag t
  "Automatic indentation with punctuation characters. If non-nil, the
current line is indented when certain punctuations are inserted."
  :type 'boolean
  :group 'javascript)


;; --- Keymap ---

(defvar javascript-mode-map nil 
  "Keymap used in JavaScript mode.")

(unless javascript-mode-map 
  (setq javascript-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap)))

(when javascript-auto-indent-flag
  (mapc (lambda (key) 
	  (define-key javascript-mode-map key 'javascript-insert-and-indent))
	'("{" "}" "(" ")" ":" ";" ",")))

(defun javascript-insert-and-indent (key)
  "Run command bound to key and indent current line. Runs the command
bound to KEY in the global keymap and indents the current line."
  (interactive (list (this-command-keys)))
  (call-interactively (lookup-key (current-global-map) key))
  (indent-according-to-mode))


;; --- Syntax Table And Parsing ---

(defvar javascript-mode-syntax-table
  (let ((table (make-syntax-table)))
    (c-populate-syntax-table table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?$ "_" table)
    table)
  "Syntax table used in JavaScript mode.")

(defvar js-ident-as-word-syntax-table
  (let ((table (copy-syntax-table javascript-mode-syntax-table)))
    (modify-syntax-entry ?$ "w" table)
    (modify-syntax-entry ?_ "w" table)
    table)
  "Alternative syntax table used internally to simplify detection
  of identifiers and keywords and its boundaries.")


(defun js-re-search-forward-inner (regexp &optional bound count)
  "Auxiliary function for `js-re-search-forward'."
  (let ((parse)
        (saved-point (point-min)))
    (while (> count 0)
      (re-search-forward regexp bound)
      (setq parse (parse-partial-sexp saved-point (point)))
      (cond ((nth 3 parse)
             (re-search-forward 
              (concat "\\([^\\]\\|^\\)" (string (nth 3 parse))) 
              (save-excursion (end-of-line) (point)) t))
            ((nth 7 parse)
             (forward-line))
            ((or (nth 4 parse)
                 (and (eq (char-before) ?\/) (eq (char-after) ?\*)))
             (re-search-forward "\\*/"))
            (t
             (setq count (1- count))))
      (setq saved-point (point))))
  (point))


(defun js-re-search-forward (regexp &optional bound noerror count)
  "Search forward but ignore strings and comments. Invokes
`re-search-forward' but treats the buffer as if strings and
comments have been removed."
  (let ((saved-point (point))
        (search-expr 
         (cond ((null count)
                '(js-re-search-forward-inner regexp bound 1))
               ((< count 0)
                '(js-re-search-backward-inner regexp bound (- count)))
               ((> count 0)
                '(js-re-search-forward-inner regexp bound count)))))
    (condition-case err
        (eval search-expr)
      (search-failed
       (goto-char saved-point)
       (unless noerror
         (error (error-message-string err)))))))


(defun js-re-search-backward-inner (regexp &optional bound count)
  "Auxiliary function for `js-re-search-backward'."
  (let ((parse)
        (saved-point (point-min)))
    (while (> count 0)
      (re-search-backward regexp bound)
      (when (and (> (point) (point-min))
                 (save-excursion (backward-char) (looking-at "/[/*]")))
        (backward-char))
      (setq parse (parse-partial-sexp saved-point (point)))
      (cond ((nth 3 parse)
             (re-search-backward
              (concat "\\([^\\]\\|^\\)" (string (nth 3 parse))) 
              (save-excursion (beginning-of-line) (point)) t))
            ((nth 7 parse) 
             (goto-char (nth 8 parse)))
            ((or (nth 4 parse)
                 (and (eq (char-before) ?/) (eq (char-after) ?*)))
             (re-search-backward "/\\*"))
            (t
             (setq count (1- count))))))
  (point))


(defun js-re-search-backward (regexp &optional bound noerror count)
  "Search backward but ignore strings and comments. Invokes
`re-search-backward' but treats the buffer as if strings and
comments have been removed."
  (let ((saved-point (point))
        (search-expr 
         (cond ((null count)
                '(js-re-search-backward-inner regexp bound 1))
               ((< count 0)
                '(js-re-search-forward-inner regexp bound (- count)))
               ((> count 0)
                '(js-re-search-backward-inner regexp bound count)))))
    (condition-case err
        (eval search-expr)
      (search-failed
       (goto-char saved-point)
       (unless noerror
         (error (error-message-string err)))))))


;; --- Font Lock ---

(defun js-inside-param-list-p ()
  "Return non-nil if point is inside a function parameter list."
  (condition-case err
      (save-excursion
	(up-list -1)
	(and (looking-at "(")
	     (progn (backward-word 1)
		    (or (looking-at "function")
			(progn (backward-word 1) (looking-at "function"))))))
    (error nil)))


(defconst js-function-heading-1-re 
  "^[ \t]*function[ \t]+\\(\\w+\\)"
  "Regular expression matching the start of a function header.")

(defconst js-function-heading-2-re 
  "^[ \t]*\\(\\w+\\)[ \t]*:[ \t]*function\\>"
  "Regular expression matching the start of a function entry in
  an associative array.")

(defconst js-keyword-re
  (regexp-opt '("abstract" "break" "case" "catch" "class" "const"
                "continue" "debugger" "default" "delete" "do" "else" 
                "enum" "export" "extends" "final" "finally" "for" 
                "function" "goto" "if" "implements" "import" "in" 
                "instanceof" "interface" "native" "new" "package" 
                "private" "protected" "public" "return" "static" 
                "super" "switch" "synchronized" "this" "throw" 
                "throws" "transient" "try" "typeof" "var" "void" 
                "volatile" "while" "with") 'words)
  "Regular expression matching any JavaScript keyword.")

(defconst js-basic-type-re
  (regexp-opt '("boolean" "byte" "char" "double" "float" "int" "long"
                "short" "void") 'words)
  "Regular expression matching any predefined type in JavaScript.")

(defconst js-constant-re
  (regexp-opt '("false" "null" "true") 'words)
  "Regular expression matching any future reserved words in JavaScript.")


(defconst js-font-lock-keywords-1
  (list 
   "\\<import\\>" 
   (list js-function-heading-1-re 1 font-lock-function-name-face)
   (list js-function-heading-2-re 1 font-lock-function-name-face))
  "Level one font lock.")

(defconst js-font-lock-keywords-2
  (append js-font-lock-keywords-1
          (list (list js-keyword-re 1 font-lock-keyword-face)
                (cons js-basic-type-re font-lock-type-face)
                (cons js-constant-re font-lock-constant-face)))
  "Level two font lock.")


;; Limitations with variable declarations: There seems to be no
;; sensible way to highlight variables occuring after an initialized
;; variable in a variable list. For instance, in
;;
;;    var x, y = f(a, b), z
;;
;; z will not be highlighted. Also, in variable declaration lists
;; spanning several lines only variables on the first line will be
;; highlighted. To get correct fontification, every line with variable
;; declarations must contain a `var' keyword.

(defconst js-font-lock-keywords-3
  (append 
   js-font-lock-keywords-2
   (list 
    
    ;; variable declarations
    (list
     (concat "\\<\\(const\\|var\\)\\>\\|" js-basic-type-re)
     (list "\\(\\w+\\)[ \t]*\\([=;].*\\|\\<in\\>.*\\|,\\|/[/*]\\|$\\)"
	   nil
	   nil
	   '(1 font-lock-variable-name-face)))

    ;; formal parameters
    (list
     "\\<function\\>\\([ \t]+\\w+\\)?[ \t]*([ \t]*\\w"
     (list "\\(\\w+\\)\\([ \t]*).*\\)?"
	   '(backward-char)
	   '(end-of-line)
	   '(1 font-lock-variable-name-face)))
    
    ;; continued formal parameter list
    (list
     "^[ \t]*\\w+[ \t]*[,)]"
     (list "\\w+"
	   '(if (save-excursion (backward-char) (js-inside-param-list-p))
		(backward-word 1) 
	      (end-of-line))
	   '(end-of-line)
	   '(0 font-lock-variable-name-face)))
))
  "Level three font lock.")

(defconst js-font-lock-keywords
  '(js-font-lock-keywords-3 js-font-lock-keywords-1 js-font-lock-keywords-2
                            js-font-lock-keywords-3)
  "See `font-lock-keywords'.")

(defconst js-font-lock-syntactic-keywords
  '(("[=(][ \t\n]*\\(/\\)[^/*]\\(.*?[^\\]\\)?\\(/\\)" (1 '(7)) (3 '(7)))
    ("##\\(register\\|extern-type\\)[^\n]*" 0 " ")
    )
  "Highlighting of regular expressions. See also the variable
  `font-lock-keywords'.")


;; --- Indentation ---

(defconst js-possibly-braceless-keyword-re
  (regexp-opt
   '("catch" "do" "else" "finally" "for" "if" "try" "while" "with")
   'words)
  "Regular expression matching keywords that are optionally
  followed by an opening brace.")

(defconst js-indent-operator-re
  (concat "[-+*/%<>=&^|?:.]\\([^-+*/]\\|$\\)\\|"
          (regexp-opt '("in" "instanceof") 'words))
  "Regular expression matching operators that affect indentation
  of continued expressions.")


(defun js-looking-at-operator-p ()
  "Return non-nil if text after point is an operator (that is not
a comma)."
  (save-match-data
    (and (looking-at js-indent-operator-re)
         (or (not (looking-at ":"))
             (save-excursion
               (and (js-re-search-backward "[?:{]\\|\\<case\\>" nil t)
                    (looking-at "?")))))))


(defun js-continued-expression-p ()
  "Returns non-nil if the current line continues an expression."
  (save-excursion
    (back-to-indentation)
    (or (js-looking-at-operator-p)
        (and (js-re-search-backward "\n" nil t)
	     (progn 
	       (skip-chars-backward " \t")
	       (backward-char)
	       (and (> (point) (point-min))
                    (save-excursion (backward-char) (not (looking-at "[/*]/")))
                    (js-looking-at-operator-p)
		    (and (progn (backward-char)
				(not (looking-at "++\\|--\\|/[/*]"))))))))))


(defun js-end-of-do-while-loop-p ()
  "Returns non-nil if word after point is `while' of a do-while
statement, else returns nil. A braceless do-while statement
spanning several lines requires that the start of the loop is
indented to the same column as the current line."
  (interactive)
  (save-excursion
    (save-match-data
      (when (looking-at "\\s-*\\<while\\>")
	(if (save-excursion 
	      (skip-chars-backward "[ \t\n]*}")
	      (looking-at "[ \t\n]*}"))
	    (save-excursion 
	      (backward-list) (backward-word 1) (looking-at "\\<do\\>"))
	  (js-re-search-backward "\\<do\\>" (point-at-bol) t)
	  (or (looking-at "\\<do\\>")
	      (let ((saved-indent (current-indentation)))
		(while (and (js-re-search-backward "^[ \t]*\\<" nil t)
			    (/= (current-indentation) saved-indent)))
		(and (looking-at "[ \t]*\\<do\\>")
		     (not (js-re-search-forward 
			   "\\<while\\>" (point-at-eol) t))
		     (= (current-indentation) saved-indent)))))))))


(defun js-ctrl-statement-indentation ()
  "Returns the proper indentation of the current line if it
starts the body of a control statement without braces, else
returns nil."
  (save-excursion
    (back-to-indentation)
    (when (save-excursion
            (and (not (looking-at "[{]"))
                 (progn
                   (js-re-search-backward "[[:graph:]]" nil t)
                   (forward-char)
                   (when (= (char-before) ?\)) (backward-list))
                   (skip-syntax-backward " ")
                   (skip-syntax-backward "w")
                   (looking-at js-possibly-braceless-keyword-re))
                 (not (js-end-of-do-while-loop-p))))
      (save-excursion
        (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
        (+ (current-indentation) javascript-indent-level)))))


(defun js-proper-indentation (parse-status)
  "Return the proper indentation for the current line."
  (save-excursion
    (back-to-indentation)
    (let ((ctrl-stmt-indent (js-ctrl-statement-indentation))
          (same-indent-p (looking-at "[]})]\\|\\<case\\>\\|\\<default\\>"))
          (continued-expr-p (js-continued-expression-p)))
      (cond (ctrl-stmt-indent)
            ((nth 1 parse-status)
             (goto-char (nth 1 parse-status))
             (if (looking-at "[({[][ \t]*\\(/[/*]\\|$\\)")
                 (progn
                   (skip-syntax-backward " ")
                   (when (= (char-before) ?\)) (backward-list))
                   (back-to-indentation)
                   (cond (same-indent-p
                          (current-column))
                         (continued-expr-p
                          (+ (current-column) (* 2 javascript-indent-level)
                             javascript-expr-indent-offset))
                         (t
                          (+ (current-column) javascript-indent-level))))
               (unless same-indent-p
                 (forward-char)
                 (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
               (current-column)))
	    (continued-expr-p (+ javascript-indent-level 
                                 javascript-expr-indent-offset))
            (t 0)))))


(defun javascript-indent-line ()
  "Indent the current line as JavaScript source text."
  (interactive)
  (with-syntax-table js-ident-as-word-syntax-table
    (let ((parse-status 
	   (save-excursion (parse-partial-sexp (point-min) (point-at-bol))))
	  (offset (- (current-column) (current-indentation))))
      (when (not (nth 8 parse-status))
	(indent-line-to (js-proper-indentation parse-status))
	(when (> offset 0) (forward-char offset))))))
  

;; --- Filling ---

;; FIXME: It should be possible to use the more sofisticated function
;; `c-fill-paragraph' in `cc-cmds.el' instead. However, just setting
;; `fill-paragraph-function' to `c-fill-paragraph' does not work;
;; inside `c-fill-paragraph', `fill-paragraph-function' evaluates to
;; nil!?

(defun js-backward-paragraph ()
  "Move backward to start of paragraph. Postcondition: Point is at
beginning of buffer or the previous line contains only whitespace."
  (forward-line -1)
  (while (not (or (bobp) (looking-at "^[ \t]*$")))
    (forward-line -1))
  (when (not (bobp)) (forward-line 1)))


(defun js-forward-paragraph ()
  "Move forward to end of paragraph. Postcondition: Point is at
end of buffer or the next line contains only whitespace."
  (forward-line 1)
  (while (not (or (eobp) (looking-at "^[ \t]*$")))
    (forward-line 1))
  (when (not (eobp)) (backward-char 1)))
 

(defun js-fill-block-comment-paragraph (parse-status justify)
  "Fill current paragraph as a block comment. PARSE-STATUS is the
result of `parse-partial-regexp' from beginning of buffer to
point. JUSTIFY has the same meaning as in `fill-paragraph'."
  (let ((offset (save-excursion 
                  (goto-char (nth 8 parse-status)) (current-indentation))))
    (save-excursion
      (save-restriction
        (narrow-to-region (save-excursion 
                            (goto-char (nth 8 parse-status)) (point-at-bol))
                          (save-excursion 
			    (goto-char (nth 8 parse-status))
			    (re-search-forward "*/")))
        (narrow-to-region (save-excursion 
                            (js-backward-paragraph)
                            (when (looking-at "^[ \t]*$") (forward-line 1))
                            (point))
                          (save-excursion 
                            (js-forward-paragraph) 
                            (when (looking-at "^[ \t]*$") (backward-char))
                            (point)))
        (goto-char (point-min))
        (while (not (eobp))
          (delete-horizontal-space)
          (forward-line 1))
        (let ((fill-column (- fill-column offset))
              (fill-paragraph-function nil))
          (fill-paragraph justify))

        ;; In Emacs 21.4 as opposed to CVS Emacs 22,
        ;; `fill-paragraph' seems toadd a newline at the end of the
        ;; paragraph. Remove it!
        (goto-char (point-max))
        (when (looking-at "^$") (backward-delete-char 1))

        (goto-char (point-min))
        (while (not (eobp))
          (indent-to offset)
          (forward-line 1))))))


(defun js-sline-comment-par-start ()
  "Return point at the beginning of the line where the current
single-line comment paragraph starts."
  (save-excursion
    (beginning-of-line)
    (while (and (not (bobp)) 
                (looking-at "^[ \t]*//[ \t]*[[:graph:]]"))
      (forward-line -1))
    (unless (bobp) (forward-line 1))
    (point)))


(defun js-sline-comment-par-end ()
  "Return point at end of current single-line comment paragraph."
  (save-excursion
    (beginning-of-line)
    (while (and (not (eobp)) 
                (looking-at "^[ \t]*//[ \t]*[[:graph:]]"))
      (forward-line 1))
    (unless (bobp) (backward-char))
    (point)))


(defun js-sline-comment-offset (line)
  "Return the column at the start of the current single-line
comment paragraph."
  (save-excursion 
    (goto-line line)
    (re-search-forward "//" (point-at-eol))
    (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
    (current-column)))


(defun js-sline-comment-text-offset (line)
  "Return the column at the start of the text of the current
single-line comment paragraph."
  (save-excursion
    (goto-line line)
    (re-search-forward "//[ \t]*" (point-at-eol))
    (current-column)))


(defun js-at-empty-sline-comment-p ()
  "Return non-nil if inside an empty single-line comment."
  (and (save-excursion
         (beginning-of-line)
         (not (looking-at "^.*//.*[[:graph:]]")))
       (save-excursion
         (re-search-backward "//" (point-at-bol) t))))

         
(defun js-fill-sline-comments (parse-status justify)
  "Fill current paragraph as a sequence of single-line comments.
PARSE-STATUS is the result of `parse-partial-regexp' from
beginning of buffer to point. JUSTIFY has the same meaning as in
`fill-paragraph'."
  (when (not (js-at-empty-sline-comment-p))
    (let* ((start (js-sline-comment-par-start))
           (start-line (1+ (count-lines (point-min) start)))
           (end (js-sline-comment-par-end))
           (offset (js-sline-comment-offset start-line))
           (text-offset (js-sline-comment-text-offset start-line)))
      (save-excursion
        (save-restriction
          (narrow-to-region start end)
          (goto-char (point-min))
          (while (re-search-forward "^[ \t]*//[ \t]*" nil t)
            (replace-match "")
            (forward-line 1))
          (let ((fill-paragraph-function nil)
                (fill-column (- fill-column text-offset)))
            (fill-paragraph justify))

          ;; In Emacs 21.4 as opposed to CVS Emacs 22,
          ;; `fill-paragraph' seems to add a newline at the end of the
          ;; paragraph. Remove it!
          (goto-char (point-max))
          (when (looking-at "^$") (backward-delete-char 1))

          (goto-char (point-min))
          (while (not (eobp))
            (indent-to offset)
            (insert "//")
            (indent-to text-offset)
            (forward-line 1)))))))
  

(defun js-trailing-comment-p (parse-status)
  "Return non-nil if inside a trailing comment. PARSE-STATUS is
the result of `parse-partial-regexp' from beginning of buffer to
point."
  (save-excursion 
    (when (nth 4 parse-status)
      (goto-char (nth 8 parse-status))
      (skip-chars-backward " \t")
      (not (bolp)))))


(defun js-block-comment-p (parse-status)
  "Return non-nil if inside a block comment. PARSE-STATUS is the
result of `parse-partial-regexp' from beginning of buffer to
point."
  (save-excursion 
    (save-match-data
      (when (nth 4 parse-status)
        (goto-char (nth 8 parse-status))
        (looking-at "/\\*")))))


(defun javascript-fill-paragraph (&optional justify)
  "If inside a comment, fill the current comment paragraph.
Trailing comments are ignored."
  (interactive)
  (let ((parse-status (parse-partial-sexp (point-min) (point))))
    (when (and (nth 4 parse-status) 
               (not (js-trailing-comment-p parse-status)))
      (if (js-block-comment-p parse-status)
          (js-fill-block-comment-paragraph parse-status justify)
        (js-fill-sline-comments parse-status justify))))
  t)


;; --- Imenu ---

(defconst js-imenu-generic-expression 
  (list
   (list
    nil 
    "function\\s-+\\(\\(\\w\\|\\s_\\)+\\)\\s-*("
    1))
  "Regular expression matching top level procedures. Used by imenu.")


;; --- Main Function ---

;;;###autoload
(defun javascript-mode ()
  "Major mode for editing JavaScript source text.

Key bindings:

\\{javascript-mode-map}"
  (interactive)
  (kill-all-local-variables)

  (use-local-map javascript-mode-map)
  (set-syntax-table javascript-mode-syntax-table)
  (set (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function) 'javascript-indent-line)

  (set (make-local-variable 'font-lock-defaults) 
       (list js-font-lock-keywords 
	     nil nil '((?$ . "w") (?_ . "w")) nil
	     '(font-lock-syntactic-keywords . js-font-lock-syntactic-keywords)))

  (set (make-local-variable 'parse-sexp-ignore-comments) t) 

  ;; Comments
  (set (make-local-variable 'comment-start) "// ")
  (set (make-local-variable 'comment-end) "")
  (set (make-local-variable 'fill-paragraph-function) 
       'javascript-fill-paragraph)

  ;; Imenu
  (setq imenu-case-fold-search nil)
  (set (make-local-variable 'imenu-generic-expression)
       js-imenu-generic-expression)

  (setq major-mode 'javascript-mode)
  (setq mode-name "JavaScript")
  (run-hooks 'javascript-mode-hook))


(provide 'javascript-mode)
;;; javascript.el ends here