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JOSS paper #202

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28 changes: 28 additions & 0 deletions .github/workflows/draft-pdf.yml
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name: build JOSS pdf

on:
push:
branches:
- joss_paper

jobs:
paper:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
name: JOSS paper draft
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Build draft PDF
uses: openjournals/openjournals-draft-action@master
with:
journal: joss
# This should be the path to the paper within your repo.
paper-path: paper/paper.md
- name: Upload
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
with:
name: paper
# This is the output path where Pandoc will write the compiled
# PDF. Note, this should be the same directory as the input
# paper.md
path: paper/paper.pdf
57 changes: 57 additions & 0 deletions paper/paper.bib
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@ARTICLE{Hogbom_1974,
author = {{H{\"o}gbom}, J.~A.},
title = "{Aperture Synthesis with a Non-Regular Distribution of Interferometer Baselines}",
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement},
year = 1974,
month = jun,
volume = 15,
pages = {417},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1974A%26AS...15..417H},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{Clark_1980,
author = {{Clark}, B.~G.},
title = "{An efficient implementation of the algorithm 'CLEAN'}",
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
keywords = {Algorithms, Data Processing, Image Processing, Radio Astronomy, Run Time (Computers), Astronomical Photography, Computer Techniques, Fast Fourier Transformations, Iterative Solution, Very Large Array (Vla)},
year = 1980,
month = sep,
volume = 89,
pages = {377},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980A%26A....89..377C},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{McMullin_2007,
author = {{McMullin}, J.~P. and {Waters}, B. and {Schiebel}, D. and {Young}, W. and
{Golap}, K.},
title = "{CASA Architecture and Applications}",
booktitle = {Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XVI ASP Conference Series},
year = "2007",
editor = {{Shaw}, R.~A. and {Hill}, F. and {Bell}, D.~J.},
volume = {376},
series = {Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series},
pages = {127},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ASPC..376..127M},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

@ARTICLE{CASA_2022,
author = {{CASA Team} and {Bean}, Ben and {Bhatnagar}, Sanjay and {Castro}, Sandra and {Donovan Meyer}, Jennifer and {Emonts}, Bjorn and {Garcia}, Enrique and {Garwood}, Robert and {Golap}, Kumar and {Gonzalez Villalba}, Justo and {Harris}, Pamela and {Hayashi}, Yohei and {Hoskins}, Josh and {Hsieh}, Mingyu and {Jagannathan}, Preshanth and {Kawasaki}, Wataru and {Keimpema}, Aard and {Kettenis}, Mark and {Lopez}, Jorge and {Marvil}, Joshua and {Masters}, Joseph and {McNichols}, Andrew and {Mehringer}, David and {Miel}, Renaud and {Moellenbrock}, George and {Montesino}, Federico and {Nakazato}, Takeshi and {Ott}, Juergen and {Petry}, Dirk and {Pokorny}, Martin and {Raba}, Ryan and {Rau}, Urvashi and {Schiebel}, Darrell and {Schweighart}, Neal and {Sekhar}, Srikrishna and {Shimada}, Kazuhiko and {Small}, Des and {Steeb}, Jan-Willem and {Sugimoto}, Kanako and {Suoranta}, Ville and {Tsutsumi}, Takahiro and {van Bemmel}, Ilse M. and {Verkouter}, Marjolein and {Wells}, Akeem and {Xiong}, Wei and {Szomoru}, Arpad and {Griffith}, Morgan and {Glendenning}, Brian and {Kern}, Jeff},
title = "{CASA, the Common Astronomy Software Applications for Radio Astronomy}",
journal = {Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific},
keywords = {Single-dish antennas, Aperture synthesis, Radio astronomy, Radio interferometry, Long baseline interferometry, Astronomy software, Open source software, Software documentation, Astronomy data reduction, Astronomy data analysis, 1460, 53, 1338, 1346, 932, 1855, 1866, 1869, 1861, 1858, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
year = 2022,
month = nov,
volume = {134},
number = {1041},
eid = {114501},
pages = {114501},
doi = {10.1088/1538-3873/ac9642},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
eprint = {2210.02276},
primaryClass = {astro-ph.IM},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022PASP..134k4501C},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}
74 changes: 74 additions & 0 deletions paper/paper.md
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---
title: 'MPoL: A Python package for scalable, nonparametric interferometric imaging'
tags:
- Python
- astronomy
- imaging
- fourier
authors:
- name: Ian Czekala
orcid: 0000-0002-1483-8811
# equal-contrib: true # (This is how you can denote equal contributions between multiple authors)
# corresponding: true
affiliation: 1
# affiliation: "1, 2" # (Multiple affiliations must be quoted)
- name: Jeff Jennings
orcid: 0000-0002-7032-2350
affiliation: 2
- name: Brianna Zawadzki
orcid: 0000-0001-9319-1296
affiliation: 3
- name: Ryan Loomis
orcid: 0000-0002-8932-1219
affiliation: 4
- name: Kadri Nizam
orcid: 0000-0002-7217-446X
affiliation: 2
- name: Megan Delamer
# orcid: # can't find
affiliation: 2
- name: Kaylee de Soto
orcid: 0000-0002-9886-2834
affiliation: 2
- name: Robert Frazier
orcid: 0000-0001-6569-3731
affiliation: 2
- name: Hannah Grzybowski
# orcid: # can't find
affiliation: 2
- name: Mary Ogborn
orcid: 0000-0001-9741-2703
affiliation: 2
- name: Tyler Quinn
orcid: 0000-0002-8974-8095
affiliation: 2
affiliations:
- name: University of St Andrews, Scotland # "institution, country" format suggested by JOSS
index: 1
- name: Pennsylvania State University, USA
index: 2
- name: Wesleyan University, USA
index: 3
- name: National Radio Astronomy Observatory, USA
index: 4
date: 14 November 2023
bibliography: paper.bib
---

# Summary

Interferometric imaging is the process of recovering a spatial domain image from a Fourier domain signal that is only partially sampled. The technique is applied in a large number of fields from medical imaging to remote sensing, optics and astronomy. Within astronomy, interferometry conducted at radio, infrared and optical frequencies yields unparalleled spatial resolution in an image, corresponding to physical scales that are otherwise inaccessibly small. `Million Points of Light` (`MPoL`) is a Python package for astronomical interferometric imaging. It couples a statistical modeling framework with an efficient computational implementation to reconstruct images of astronomical sources from data measured by large telescopes such as the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA).

# Statement of need

Accurately reconstructing an image from sparse Fourier data is an ill-posed problem that remains an outstanding challenge in astronomical research, particularly in sub-mm astronomy. There, the current standard approach to interferometric imaging is `CLEAN` [@Hogbom_1974; @Clark_1980], an empirical, algorithmic procedure that requires a high degree of user intervention. The algorithm is not computationally efficient and thus not practical for large datasets (~100 GB) that are becoming increasingly common in the field. And the enclosing software lacks the accessibility and up-to-date documentation to easily modify the algorithm for custom use cases [@McMullin_2007; @CASA_2022]. Collectively these limitations necessitate an alternative imaging formalism and software implementation.

`MPoL` is a statistically robust, nonparametric modeling approach to interferometric imaging in a user-friendly, well-documented package that is computationally performant. The software is designed to be applied to reconstruction of an individual image or an entire 'cube' of tens to hundreds of images of an astronomical source observed at different frequencies. The images obtained are of simultaneously higher spatial resolution and sensitivity than their counterparts produced by `CLEAN`. Programatically, `MPoL` is built on `PyTorch`, using its auto-differentiation capabilities to drive likelihood optimization with gradient descent and its parallelization support to optionally accelerate the imaging workflow on GPUs and TPUs. The imaging framework in `MPoL` is also flexible, with the ability to easily add alternative or additional priors into likelihood calculation. Extensions to the core functionality are actively developed, such as the recent implementation of parametric inference with `Pyro`, as are further optimizations to the core routines.

`MPoL` is used in astrophysical research to image and study objects such as protoplanetary disks and Solar System bodies. It is currently being applied to multiple projects, from individual use cases to large collaborations. The software could be applied without modification to research in other subfields of astronomy that use data from sub-mm interferometers, including cosmology, extragalactic astronomy, and star formation. With a reasonable amount of modification, it could be adopted for datasets obtained by infrared and optical interferometers, or to interferometric imaging problems beyond astronomy.

# Acknowledgements

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# References