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Development of an optimization route guide application for indoor fire evacuation using beacons

🗺️Table of Contents

• Introduction
  • Novelty
  • IEEE Paper
• Structure
• Application
  • Setup
  • Implementation
• Algorithm
  • A* algorithm
  • Trilaterration
• Server
  • Setup
  • Diagram
• IoT(Arduino)
  • System Overview
• 📌Contributors

📝Introduction

Still, damage to fire accidents continues to occur. According to the U.S. Fire Administration, the average number of fire accidents from 2010 to 2019 was 1,300,000. In detail, in 2019, 40.4% were externally occurring fires, 29.9% in residential spaces, 15.1% in vehicles, 9.4% in non-residential spaces, and 5.2% in other areas, and 39.3% of fires in buildings can be confirmed. In order to prevent accidents involving indoor fires, this study was conducted by developing an app that informs the optimal route for indoor fire evacuation by using beacons.

Novelty

1. Use beacons to determine the exact location of the user in the building.

2. Develop user-friendly application such as informing users of the beacon installation location by providing users with the ability to upload and modify building blueprints.

3. Identify the density of people in the building and calculate the weight value to inform the optimal path.

IEEE Paper

We are currently working on a fix.

Link to our paper

🍌Structure

Structure

1. When the manager uploads a blueprint for each floor, the application converts it to a map.
2. When the manager enters the name of each room, the user’s location data is obtained using bluetooth beacon.
3. In peacetime, the application shows an optimized route to the destination that the user wants.
4. In the event of a fire, a fire alarm that is linked to the server notifies the server of the occurrence of the fire, and the server notifies the user of the fire through the application.
5. The application displays the fastest escape route from the current user location on the map considering the current population cluster.

🎹Application

1. Setup

npm install

cd ios && pod install

Application code git link

- Framework : React Native 0.66.4

- Test device : iphone

2. Implementation

• Sidebar
• Beacon detecting
• Set destination
• Login / Signup
• Upload blueprint
• Connect to server
• Coordinates with Canvas

🍚Algorithm

1. A* algorithm

The node that minimizes the cost from the start node to the current node g(n) is selected as the next search node.

The function h(n) that finds the expected cost from the current node to the target node is called the heuristic function, and the Manhattan equation is used here.

2. Trilaterration

Using Tx Power (transmission strength) and RSSI (reception strength), the straight-line distance between a beacon and a smart device can be calculated. After installing at least 3 beacons, measure the indoor location by trilaterration.

1. Nodes A, B, and C are the locations where the beacon is installed, and D is the location (x,y) of the smart device.
2. The calculated distances from nodes A, B, and C to the smart devices are e, f, and g D, respectively, which is determined using the path loss model.

🌳Server

1. Setup

Server code git link

- Server: Spring boot 2.6.3
- Database: MariaDB
- Executable file location: Server/build/libs/demo.0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

2. Diagram

The server uses the spring boot framework and Database uses MariaDB and are distributed through AWS. The server receives the id of the beacon from the app and the distance between the user and the beacon through the http protocol. With this data, the server estimates the user's location using trilateration. The database is largely composed of five tables: a beacon table storing ID and location information, a building table storing the name and manager of the building, a room table storing the name and location of the room, a population table storing users' locations, and a user table storing user information.

📹IoT

1. System Overview

1. Install flame sensor and beacon indoors.
2. When a fire is detected, the Nodemcu communicates with the server through the connected wifi.
   Otherwise, the detection is repeated until the screen is detected.
3. The device detects the Beacon's signals through a Bluetooth connection.
4. The app can monitor the user's location.
5. Manage users' data and IoT devices on the server.

📌Contributors

Name	Univ	Major	Where to find you	Role
Junseong Moon	Jeju National Univ	Software convergence education	Github	Paper
Namho Kim	Chungnam National Univ	Computer Science Engineering	Github	Backend
Geonyeol Ryu	Chungnam National Univ	Computer Science Engineering	Github	Frontend
Migyeong Kim	Jeju National Univ	Computer Engineering	Github	IoT
Minsoo Sun	Jeju National Univ	Computer Engineering	Github	Algorithm
Sarah Horning	Purdue Unive	CNIT	Github	Paper

LICENSE

Copyright © (Mac-nae-on-top)

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.