Merge pull request #34 from NREL/hydrogen

Hydrogen configs

NRWAL/analysis_library/hydrogen/README.rst

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+*********************************
+Hydrogen Cost & Production Models
+*********************************
+
+This library includes equations for modeling costs and production of hydrogen using generation profiles as inputs. References used to derive these relationships include:
+
+- Electrolyzer Costs:
+Ruth, M.F., Jadun, P., Gilroy, N., Connelly, E., Boardman, R., Simon, A.J., Elgowainy, A. and Zuboy, J., 2020. The Technical and Economic Potential of the H2@ Scale Hydrogen Concept within the United States (No. NREL/TP-6A20-77610). National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States).
+https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/77610.pdf
+
+- Hydrogen Production Efficiency Rate:
+Peterson, D., Vickers, J. and DeSantis, D., 2020. Hydrogen production cost from PEM electrolysis—2019. DOE Hydrogen Fuel Cells Program Record, 19009.
+https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/19009_h2_production_cost_pem_electrolysis_2019.pdf (table 2)
+
+- Water Costs:
+Water and Wastewater Annual Price Escalation Rates for Selected Cities across the United States. 2017. United States Dept. of Energy, Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Office. doi:10.2172/1413878.
+https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2017/10/f38/water_wastewater_escalation_rate_study.pdf
+
+
+- Pipeline Costs:
+Council, H., 2021. Hydrogen Insights–A perspective on hydrogen investment, market development and cost competitiveness. Hydrogen Council.
+https://hydrogencouncil.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Hydrogen-Insights-2021-Report.pdf

NRWAL/analysis_library/hydrogen/electrolyzer_costs_eos.yaml

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+# These costs are based on the following NREL report:
+# "Manufacturing Cost Analysis for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers"
+#   - Mayyas, Ruth, Pivovar, Bender, Wipke
+# $550/kw at 10 MW
+# $490/kw at 20 MW
+# $440/kw at 50 MW
+# $390/kw at 100 MW
+# $300/kw at 1000 MW
+
+capacity_curve_mw:
+  np.array([0, 10, 20, 50, 100, 1000])
+cost_curve_dollars_per_mw:
+  np.array([550, 550, 490, 440, 390, 300]) * 1000
+electrolyzer_capex_per_mw:
+  np.interp(electrolyzer_size_mw, capacity_curve_mw, cost_curve_dollars_per_mw)

NRWAL/analysis_library/hydrogen/electrolyzer_costs_flat.yaml

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+electrolyzer_capex_per_mw:
+  461000
+electrolyzer_opex_per_mw:
+  37000

NRWAL/analysis_library/hydrogen/pipeline.yaml

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+dist_to_h2_load_miles:
+  dist_to_h2_load_km * 0.621371
+opex_pipeline:
+   6 * dist_to_h2_load_miles
+capex_pipeline_linear:
+  (6.2385 * h2_flow_kg_h + 339713) * dist_to_h2_load_km
+capex_pipeline_EOS_nonlinear:
+  (-0.020744 * (h2_flow_kg_h**2) + 710.144314 * h2_flow_kg_h + 212320.312500) * dist_to_h2_load_km

NRWAL/analysis_library/hydrogen/production_costs.yaml

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+capex_h2:
+  electrolyzer_capex_per_mw * electrolyzer_size_mw
+opex_h2:
+  electrolyzer_opex_per_mw * electrolyzer_size_mw

NRWAL/analysis_library/hydrogen/production_curve.yaml

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+normal_capacity:
+  np.array([0.00, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 1.00])
+hydrogen_curve_kg_per_mwh:
+  np.array([0, 0, 12.12121212, 20.28397566, 20.92050209, 20.92050209, 20.28397566, 17.27115717])
+hydrogen_production_kg_per_mwh:
+  np.interp(resource_capacity_factor_profile, normal_capacity, hydrogen_curve_kg_per_mwh)
+hourly_hydrogen_kg:
+  hydrogen_production_kg_per_mwh * resource_capacity_profile_mw
+hourly_hydrogen_max_kg:
+  np.max(hydrogen_curve_kg_per_mwh) * electrolyzer_size_mw
+hydrogen_kg:
+  np.where(hourly_hydrogen_kg < hourly_hydrogen_max_kg, hourly_hydrogen_kg, hourly_hydrogen_max_kg)
+hydrogen_annual_kg:
+  np.nansum(hydrogen_kg, axis=0)

NRWAL/analysis_library/hydrogen/production_rate.yaml

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+hydrogen_production_kg_per_mwh:
+  18.02
+hourly_hydrogen_kg:
+  hydrogen_production_kg_per_mwh * resource_capacity_profile_mw
+hourly_hydrogen_max_kg:
+  hydrogen_production_kg_per_mwh * electrolyzer_size_mw
+hydrogen_kg:
+  np.where(hourly_hydrogen_kg < hourly_hydrogen_max_kg, hourly_hydrogen_kg, hourly_hydrogen_max_kg)
+hydrogen_annual_kg:
+  np.nansum(hydrogen_kg, axis=0)

NRWAL/analysis_library/hydrogen/water.yaml

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+water_usage_gal_per_kg:
+  3.78
+water_cost_per_gallon_H2A:
+  0.002375
+water_cost_per_gallon_energy_gov:
+  0.00338
+annual_water_usage_gal:
+  hydrogen_annual_kg * water_usage_gal_per_kg
+annual_water_cost:
+  annual_water_usage_gal * water_cost_per_gallon_energy_gov

NRWAL/default_configs/hydrogen/hybrid_lcoh_using_curve.yaml

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+# Generation capacity factor variable
+plant_capacity_mw:
+  hybrid_capacity
+resource_capacity_factor_profile:
+  hybrid_profile / hybrid_capacity
+resource_capacity_profile_mw:
+  hybrid_profile
+
+
+# Electrolyzer config
+electrolyzer_size_ratio:
+  0.9
+electrolyzer_size_mw:
+  electrolyzer_size_ratio * plant_capacity_mw
+
+
+# Hydrogen production
+hydrogen_kg: hydrogen::production_curve::hydrogen_kg
+hydrogen_annual_kg: hydrogen::production_curve::hydrogen_annual_kg
+h2_flow_kg_h: hydrogen::production_curve::hourly_hydrogen_max_kg
+
+
+# Electrolyzer costs
+electrolyzer_capex_per_mw: hydrogen::electrolyzer_costs_flat::electrolyzer_capex_per_mw
+electrolyzer_opex_per_mw: hydrogen::electrolyzer_costs_flat::electrolyzer_opex_per_mw
+capex_h2: hydrogen::production_costs::capex_h2
+opex_h2: hydrogen::production_costs::opex_h2
+
+
+# Wind costs
+wind_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+wind_capex_per_mw:
+  (wind_mean_capital_cost / wind_mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+wind_opex_per_mw:
+  (wind_mean_fixed_operating_cost / wind_mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+capex_wind:
+  wind_capex_per_mw * hybrid_wind_capacity * wind_cost_multiplier
+opex_wind:
+  wind_opex_per_mw * hybrid_wind_capacity * wind_cost_multiplier
+
+
+# Solar costs
+solar_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+solar_capex_per_mw:
+  (solar_mean_capital_cost / solar_mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+solar_opex_per_mw:
+  (solar_mean_fixed_operating_cost / solar_mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+capex_solar:
+  solar_capex_per_mw * hybrid_solar_capacity * solar_cost_multiplier
+opex_solar:
+  solar_opex_per_mw * hybrid_solar_capacity * solar_cost_multiplier
+
+
+# Pipeline costs
+pipeline_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+opex_pipeline:
+  hydrogen::pipeline::opex_pipeline * pipeline_cost_multiplier
+capex_pipeline:
+  hydrogen::pipeline::capex_pipeline_EOS_nonlinear * pipeline_cost_multiplier
+pipe_capex_per_km:
+  capex_pipeline / dist_to_h2_load_km
+pipe_opex_per_km:
+  opex_pipeline / dist_to_h2_load_km
+
+
+# Water costs
+water_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+annual_water_usage_gal: hydrogen::water::annual_water_usage_gal
+annual_water_cost:
+  hydrogen::water::annual_water_cost * water_cost_multiplier
+
+
+# Total and levelized costs
+total_capex:
+  capex_wind + capex_solar + capex_h2 + capex_pipeline
+fcr:
+  0.049
+wind_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_wind * fcr + opex_wind) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+solar_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_solar * fcr + opex_solar) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+h2_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_h2 * fcr + opex_h2) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+pipe_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_pipeline * fcr + opex_pipeline) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+water_lcoh_component:
+  annual_water_cost / hydrogen_annual_kg
+no_pipe_lcoh_fcr:
+  wind_lcoh_component + solar_lcoh_component + h2_lcoh_component + water_lcoh_component
+total_lcoh_fcr:
+  wind_lcoh_component + solar_lcoh_component + h2_lcoh_component + pipe_lcoh_component + water_lcoh_component

NRWAL/default_configs/hydrogen/hybrid_lcoh_using_rate.yaml

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+# Generation capacity factor variable
+plant_capacity_mw:
+  hybrid_capacity
+resource_capacity_profile_mw:
+  hybrid_profile
+
+
+# Electrolyzer config
+electrolyzer_size_ratio:
+  0.9
+electrolyzer_size_mw:
+  electrolyzer_size_ratio * plant_capacity_mw
+
+
+# Hydrogen production
+hydrogen_kg: hydrogen::production_rate::hydrogen_kg
+hydrogen_annual_kg: hydrogen::production_rate::hydrogen_annual_kg
+h2_flow_kg_h: hydrogen::production_rate::hourly_hydrogen_max_kg
+
+
+# Electrolyzer costs
+electrolyzer_capex_per_mw: hydrogen::electrolyzer_costs_flat::electrolyzer_capex_per_mw
+electrolyzer_opex_per_mw: hydrogen::electrolyzer_costs_flat::electrolyzer_opex_per_mw
+capex_h2: hydrogen::production_costs::capex_h2
+opex_h2: hydrogen::production_costs::opex_h2
+
+
+# Wind costs
+wind_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+wind_capex_per_mw:
+  (wind_mean_capital_cost / wind_mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+wind_opex_per_mw:
+  (wind_mean_fixed_operating_cost / wind_mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+capex_wind:
+  wind_capex_per_mw * hybrid_wind_capacity * wind_cost_multiplier
+opex_wind:
+  wind_opex_per_mw * hybrid_wind_capacity * wind_cost_multiplier
+
+
+# Solar costs
+solar_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+solar_capex_per_mw:
+  (solar_mean_capital_cost / solar_mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+solar_opex_per_mw:
+  (solar_mean_fixed_operating_cost / solar_mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+capex_solar:
+  solar_capex_per_mw * hybrid_solar_capacity * solar_cost_multiplier
+opex_solar:
+  solar_opex_per_mw * hybrid_solar_capacity * solar_cost_multiplier
+
+
+# Pipeline costs
+pipeline_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+opex_pipeline:
+  hydrogen::pipeline::opex_pipeline * pipeline_cost_multiplier
+capex_pipeline:
+  hydrogen::pipeline::capex_pipeline_EOS_nonlinear * pipeline_cost_multiplier
+pipe_capex_per_km:
+  capex_pipeline / dist_to_h2_load_km
+pipe_opex_per_km:
+  opex_pipeline / dist_to_h2_load_km
+
+
+# Water costs
+water_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+annual_water_usage_gal: hydrogen::water::annual_water_usage_gal
+annual_water_cost:
+  hydrogen::water::annual_water_cost * water_cost_multiplier
+
+
+# Total and levelized costs
+total_capex:
+  capex_wind + capex_solar + capex_h2 + capex_pipeline
+fcr:
+  0.049
+wind_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_wind * fcr + opex_wind) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+solar_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_solar * fcr + opex_solar) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+h2_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_h2 * fcr + opex_h2) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+pipe_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_pipeline * fcr + opex_pipeline) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+water_lcoh_component:
+  annual_water_cost / hydrogen_annual_kg
+no_pipe_lcoh_fcr:
+  wind_lcoh_component + solar_lcoh_component + h2_lcoh_component + water_lcoh_component
+total_lcoh_fcr:
+  wind_lcoh_component + solar_lcoh_component + h2_lcoh_component + pipe_lcoh_component + water_lcoh_component

NRWAL/default_configs/hydrogen/solar_lcoh_using_curve.yaml

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+# Generation capacity factor variable
+# plant_capacity_mw calculated by taking (area * power_density), where power_density = 36 MW/km2
+max_solar_cap_mw:
+  400
+plant_capacity_mw:
+  np.where(capacity < max_solar_cap_mw, capacity, max_solar_cap_mw)
+resource_capacity_factor_profile:
+  rep_profiles_0
+resource_capacity_profile_mw:
+  resource_capacity_factor_profile * plant_capacity_mw
+
+
+# Electrolyzer config
+electrolyzer_size_ratio:
+  0.9
+electrolyzer_size_mw:
+  electrolyzer_size_ratio * plant_capacity_mw
+
+
+# Hydrogen production
+hydrogen_kg: hydrogen::production_curve::hydrogen_kg
+hydrogen_annual_kg: hydrogen::production_curve::hydrogen_annual_kg
+h2_flow_kg_h: hydrogen::production_curve::hourly_hydrogen_max_kg
+
+
+# Electrolyzer costs
+electrolyzer_capex_per_mw: hydrogen::electrolyzer_costs_flat::electrolyzer_capex_per_mw
+electrolyzer_opex_per_mw: hydrogen::electrolyzer_costs_flat::electrolyzer_opex_per_mw
+capex_h2: hydrogen::production_costs::capex_h2
+opex_h2: hydrogen::production_costs::opex_h2
+
+
+# Solar costs
+solar_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+solar_capex_per_mw:
+  (mean_capital_cost / mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+solar_opex_per_mw:
+  (mean_fixed_operating_cost / mean_system_capacity) * 1000
+capex_solar:
+  solar_capex_per_mw * plant_capacity_mw * solar_cost_multiplier
+opex_solar:
+  solar_opex_per_mw * plant_capacity_mw * solar_cost_multiplier
+
+
+# Pipeline costs
+pipeline_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+opex_pipeline:
+  hydrogen::pipeline::opex_pipeline * pipeline_cost_multiplier
+capex_pipeline:
+  hydrogen::pipeline::capex_pipeline_EOS_nonlinear * pipeline_cost_multiplier
+pipe_capex_per_km:
+  capex_pipeline / dist_to_h2_load_km
+pipe_opex_per_km:
+  opex_pipeline / dist_to_h2_load_km
+
+
+# Water costs
+water_cost_multiplier:
+  1
+annual_water_usage_gal: hydrogen::water::annual_water_usage_gal
+annual_water_cost:
+  hydrogen::water::annual_water_cost * water_cost_multiplier
+
+
+# Total and levelized costs
+total_capex:
+  capex_solar + capex_h2 + capex_pipeline
+fcr:
+  0.049
+solar_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_solar * fcr + opex_solar) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+h2_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_h2 * fcr + opex_h2) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+pipe_lcoh_component:
+  (capex_pipeline * fcr + opex_pipeline) / hydrogen_annual_kg
+water_lcoh_component:
+  annual_water_cost / hydrogen_annual_kg
+no_pipe_lcoh_fcr:
+  solar_lcoh_component + h2_lcoh_component + water_lcoh_component
+total_lcoh_fcr:
+  solar_lcoh_component + h2_lcoh_component + pipe_lcoh_component + water_lcoh_component